2025/05/09 更新

写真a

カチ ユウコ
可知 悠子
所属
人間科学学術院 人間科学部
職名
准教授(テニュアトラック)
学位
博士(医学) ( 東京大学 )
プロフィール

【経歴】
東京大学大学院にて博士(医学)を取得後、帝京大学、日本医科大学、北里大学の医学部公衆衛生学部門にて教育と研究に従事。研究で可視化した「3歳以降の未就園児」の課題がこども家庭庁の重要政策の1つとなったことから、2022年7月にこども家庭庁設立準備室へ。2023年からはこども家庭庁に勤務し、未就園児への支援やEBPM、こども家庭科研費などさまざまな施策を担当。2025年より現職。単著に『保育園に通えない子どもたち ―「無園児」という闇』(ちくま新書)。

 


 【研究】

専門:子どもの健康福祉学、公衆衛生学、社会疫学

テーマ:親子のwell-beingに影響する社会経済的要因やそのメカニズムに関する研究

内容こどもを守るためには保護者(親)を守る必要があるという視点に立ち、保護者の貧困、劣悪な労働環境、仕事と育児の両立のしづらさ、孤立等の課題の改善や、保護者とこどもに対する社会的支援の充実等につながる研究を行っています。こうした研究は背景要因が多様であるため、領域横断的な共同研究により、総合知を活用して進めています。

 


【参加中の研究プロジェクト】

学術変革領域研究(A)「貧困学の確立:分断を超えて」(2022年度~2026年度)
子どもの貧困研究を軸にさまざまな領域の研究者が協働するプロジェクトです。私は健康班の代表をしています。

 


【自治体の皆さまへ】
医学部でのEBM教育や、こども家庭庁でのEBPM施策での経験をもとに、自治体におけるこども施策のEBPMやこども計画策定をサポートします。お気軽にお問合せください。

 

経歴

  • 2024年06月
    -
    2025年03月

    こども家庭庁   成育局母子保健課   課長補佐

  • 2023年04月
    -
    2024年05月

    こども家庭庁   長官官房EBPM推進室   参事官補佐

  • 2022年07月
    -
    2023年03月

    内閣官房   こども家庭庁設立準備室   参事官補佐

  • 2018年04月
    -
    2022年06月

    北里大学   医学部公衆衛生学   講師

  • 2012年12月
    -
    2018年03月

    日本医科大学   衛生学公衆衛生学   助教

  • 2010年04月
    -
    2012年11月

    帝京大学 医学部   助教

  • 2025年04月
    -
    継続中

    早稲田大学   人間科学学術院健康福祉科学科子どもの健康福祉学   准教授

  • 2025年02月
    -
    継続中

    東京大学医学系研究科公衆衛生学/健康医療政策学   客員研究員

  • 2022年07月
    -
    継続中

    北里大学   医学部公衆衛生学   非常勤講師(母子保健)

  • 2021年04月
    -
    継続中

    東京大学大学院医学系研究科保健社会行動学 非常勤講師 (社会疫学)

  • 2021年04月
    -
    継続中

    福島県立医科大学医学部 非常勤講師 (公衆衛生学)

  • 2018年04月
    -
    継続中

    首都大学東京   客員准教授

  • 2016年04月
    -
    2025年03月

    国立成育医療研究センター   社会医学研究部   共同研究員

  • 2022年07月
    -
    2024年06月

    横浜市立大学   大学院 データサイエンス研究科   客員准教授

  • 2020年04月
    -
    2021年03月

    神奈川県立保健福祉大学大学院   ヘルスイノベーション研究科   非常勤講師(社会疫学)

  • 2013年04月
    -
    2020年03月

    博慈会高等看護学院   非常勤講師(公衆衛生学)

  • 2016年04月
    -
    2019年03月

    文京学院大学   保健医療技術学部   非常勤講師(疫学)

  • 2010年04月
    -
    2019年03月

    東京大学大学院   医学系研究科公衆衛生学   客員研究員

  • 2016年04月
    -
    2017年03月

    統計数理研究所   臨床研究統計コース   非常勤講師(疫学)

  • 2006年04月
    -
    2009年03月

    関東リハビリテーション専門学校   非常勤講師(心理学、臨床心理学)

▼全件表示

委員歴

  • 2022年06月
    -
    2023年03月

    内閣官房  「未就園児等の把握、支援のためのアウトリーチの在り方に関する調査研究事業」技術等審査委員

  • 2022年05月
    -
    2022年06月

    厚生労働省  「ひとり親家庭等の子どもの食事等支援事業」評価委員会評価委員

  • 2021年12月
    -
    2022年03月

    内閣府子ども・子育て本部  地方版子ども・子育て会議の取組に関する調査 検討会委員

  • 2022年01月
     
     

    厚生労働省  「ひとり親家庭等の子どもの食事等支援事業」評価委員会 評価委員

  • 2021年06月
    -
    2021年12月

    内閣府 子供の生活状況調査の分析に関する検討会 委員

  • 2019年10月
    -
    2020年03月

    内閣府  子供の貧困実態調査に関する検討会 委員

  • 2018年07月
    -
    2019年03月

    厚生労働省 「社会的弱者への付き添い支援等社会的処方の効果の検証および生活困窮家庭の子どもへの支援に関する調査研究事業」  検討委員会委員

▼全件表示

所属学協会

  • 2014年04月
    -
    継続中

    日本疫学会

  • 2007年04月
    -
    継続中

    日本産業衛生学会

  • 2006年08月
    -
    継続中

    日本公衆衛生学会

受賞

  • 遠山椿吉記念 第6回 健康予防医療賞 山田和江賞

    2020年02月  

    受賞者: 可知悠子

  • 第92回日本産業衛生学会 最優秀演題賞(口演)

    2019年05月  

    受賞者: 可知悠子

  • 第28回(平成30年度)武見奨励賞

    2018年12月  

    受賞者: 可知悠子

  • 第75回日本公衆衛生学会総会 優秀口演賞

    2016年10月  

    受賞者: 可知悠子

  • 東京大学社会科学研究所 附属社会調査・データアーカイブ研究センター 優秀論文賞

    2010年  

    受賞者: 可知悠子

メディア報道

  • 幼稚園、保育所に通わない3~5歳の未就園児は5.4万人。研究者に背景と課題を問う

    インターネットメディア

    日本財団   日本財団ジャーナル  

    2023年05月

  • 産後パパ育休の課題

    テレビ・ラジオ番組

    NHK   NHKラジオニュース 三宅民夫のマイあさ!  

    2022年04月

  • 明日から、東京などでまん延防止措置

    テレビ・ラジオ番組

    TBSホールディングス   TBSラジオ 荻上チキ・Session  

    2022年01月

  • 政府目標の『父親の家事・育児を1日150分』達成するための労働時間を試算

    インターネットメディア

    Yahoo!ニュース  

    2022年01月

  • 【過去最少】こどもの数、40年連続の減少【ニュース】可知悠子

    テレビ・ラジオ番組

    TBSホールディングス   TBSラジオ 荻上チキ・Session  

    2021年05月

  • 日本における緊急事態宣言下のマタニティハラスメントとうつ病との関連

    インターネットメディア

    CareNet  

    2021年02月

  • 保育園や幼稚園に通わない「無園児」は9万5000人 自治体も放置で救済方法はただ一つ

    新聞・雑誌

    デイリー新潮  

    2020年04月

  • 未就園・不就学の子どもたち。急増する外国人の陰で起きている問題とは

    新聞・雑誌

    福祉新聞  

    2020年01月

  • 『無園児』社会から置き去り 3歳超え未就園の子 初の本格調査

    新聞・雑誌

    日本経済新聞  

    2019年07月

  • 子どもの食格差生む『給食空白地帯』

    テレビ・ラジオ番組

    NHK   NHKラジオニュース 三宅民夫のマイあさ!  

    2019年06月

  • 貧困が幼児教育に影響 北里大の分析で明らかに

    新聞・雑誌

    相模原町田経済新聞  

    2019年04月

  • 低所得層、未就園率が2倍 多子、外国籍世帯も高割合

    新聞・雑誌

    共同通信社  

    2019年04月

  • 経済的不安 出産前に解消

    新聞・雑誌

    読売新聞  

    2019年01月

  • 調理ボランティア 家庭に派遣 おうち食堂で多角支援

    新聞・雑誌

    共同通信社  

    2018年09月

  • 発育不全、リスク1.3倍 低所得世帯の乳児

    新聞・雑誌

    日本経済新聞  

    夕刊  

    2018年06月

  • 子どもの貧困対策 急務/可知悠子氏 北里大医学部講師/欧米 就学前から支援

    新聞・雑誌

    共同通信社  

    2018年06月

  • 所得低いと発育不全のリスク 高所得の1.3倍、北里大調査

    新聞・雑誌

    共同通信社  

    2018年06月

  • 低所得世帯の子 体重増加不良1.3倍 高所得と比較

    新聞・雑誌

    朝日新聞  

    夕刊6面  

    2018年05月

  • 低所得 赤ちゃん体重リスク 増えにくい傾向

    新聞・雑誌

    読売新聞  

    夕刊12面  

    2018年05月

  • 子供の肥満、日本は低水準 増えるやせ形 リスク多く

    新聞・雑誌

    日本経済新聞  

    夕刊2面  

    2017年12月

  • 中学の給食実施率、都市間で大きな差 主要74市区調査

    新聞・雑誌

    朝日新聞社  

    2017年05月

  • 6割の医師が軽減に賛成 低所得者の窓口負担

    新聞・雑誌

    社会保険旬報  

    2017年05月

  • 子どもの抑うつ増加 ストレス抱えても相談できず

    新聞・雑誌

    くらしとからだ  

    p18  

    2017年02月

  • 高所得家庭でも、子の不安感高い傾向

    新聞・雑誌

    共同通信社  

    2016年12月

  • 子どもの抑うつ傾向 世界有数の日本 貧困層だけではない深刻な状況

    新聞・雑誌

    医薬経済  

    p70  

    2016年10月

  • 医療ルネサンス 患者学 がんと仕事 非正規に配慮の事業所も

    新聞・雑誌

    読売新聞  

    朝刊18面  

    2016年07月

  • 低支出層の家庭 子供の肥満多く 日本医科大チーム調査 食生活偏り原因

    新聞・雑誌

    日経新聞  

    朝刊30面  

    2015年08月

  • 親の所得が青年期の肥満に影響 小児期は「給食」が防波堤

    新聞・雑誌

    週間ダイヤモンド  

    p79  

    2015年07月

  • 親の経済状況 子の肥満影響

    新聞・雑誌

    読売新聞  

    夕刊8面  

    2015年06月

  • 中高年男性 未婚女性の非正規労働者 うつ・不安障害 正規の2倍発症

    新聞・雑誌

    北海道新聞  

    朝刊17面  

    2014年09月

▼全件表示

 

論文

  • Response to the Letter Regarding "Paternal involvement in childcare and housework and mothers' spanking behavior: The Japanese longitudinal survey of newborns in the 21st century".

    Mako Nagayoshi, Yuko Kachi, Tsuguhiko Kato, Manami Ochi, Yuichi Ichinose, Takayuki Kondo, Kenji Takehara

    Journal of epidemiology    2025年03月  [国内誌]

    DOI PubMed

  • Reliability and Validity of the Japanese Version of the Four-Item Psychosocial Safety Climate Scale (PSC-4J).

    Akiomi Inoue, Hisashi Eguchi, Yuko Kachi, Maureen F Dollard, Akizumi Tsutsumi

    American journal of industrial medicine    2025年03月  [査読有り]  [国際誌]

     概要を見る

    BACKGROUND: Short measurement scales are increasingly sought-after for reasons of efficiency and survey fatigue. A short four-item measure of an organization's climate for employee psychological health, the psychosocial safety climate (PSC-4), has gained international usage. However, the psychometric properties of its Japanese version (PSC-4J) are unknown. We examined the reliability and validity of the PSC-4J. METHODS: An online survey containing the Japanese 12-item PSC scale (PSC-12J), from which the PSC-4J derived, and relevant variables (job demands, job resources, and outcomes) was administered to 2200 employees registered with a Japanese online survey provider. Two weeks later, the PSC-12J was measured again with a follow-up survey of 1400 respondents. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were examined by Cronbach's α and intraclass correlation (ICC). Agreement between PSC-4J and PSC-12J was examined by Spearman's correlation. Structural validity was examined by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and item response theory (IRT) analysis. Convergent validity was examined by Spearman's correlations of PSC-4J with relevant variables, comparing these results with the PSC-12J. RESULTS: Cronbach's α and ICC for PSC-4J were 0.91 and 0.68, respectively. Spearman's correlation between PSC-4J and PSC-12J was 0.97. The CFA assuming a one-factor structure showed good model fit. The IRT analysis indicated each PSC-4J item had very high discrimination and appropriate difficulty. Spearman's correlations of PSC-4J with relevant variables were slightly lower than for PSC-12J but in the theoretically expected direction. CONCLUSIONS: The PSC-4J, while slightly inferior to the PSC-12J in psychometric properties, provides comparable measurements with fewer items while maintaining adequate reliability and validity.

    DOI PubMed

  • Moderating Effect of Psychosocial Safety Climate on the Association of Job Demands and Job Resources With Psychological Distress Among Japanese Employees: A Cross-sectional Study

    Akiomi Inoue, Hisashi Eguchi, Yuko Kachi, Akizumi Tsutsumi

    Safety and Health at Work    2025年02月  [査読有り]

    DOI

  • Association between long working hours of doctors and the seriousness of adverse events: a cross-sectional study using national adverse event reporting system data in Japan.

    Yumi Arai, Yuko Kachi, Hiroyuki Hikichi, Kazuhiro Watanabe, Reiko Inoue, Noboru Iwata, Akizumi Tsutsumi

    Industrial health    2024年08月  [査読有り]  [国内誌]

     概要を見る

    The association between doctors' long working hours and the seriousness of adverse events with high patient impact has not been fully confirmed. Most previous studies were based on work hour regulations using more than 80 hours per week as an indicator of long working hours. We aimed to assess the association using a shorter indicator as the cut-off for long working hours among hospital doctors including senior doctors. This cross-sectional study used 12,245 adverse event reports from the Japan Council for Quality Health Care. We defined long working hours as 55 hours or more in the week before the adverse event and assessed the association with the seriousness of adverse events with high patient impact. The results showed that doctors working 55 or more hours in the preceding week were more likely to be involved in serious adverse events than those working fewer hours (odds ratio (OR) 1.22, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.12-1.32). This association remained significant after adjusting for all covariates (OR 1.18, 95% CI: 1.08-1.28). Senior doctors were more likely to be involved in serious adverse events. Long working hours among doctors were associated with the seriousness of adverse events.

    DOI PubMed

  • Japanese fathers' work-related factors associated with involvement in childcare.

    Manami Ochi, Tsuguhiko Kato, Yuko Kachi, Bibha Dhungel, Mako Nagayoshi, Yuichi Ichinose, Kenji Takehara

    Journal of occupational health    2024年07月  [査読有り]  [国際誌]

     概要を見る

    OBJECTIVES: Existing studies on fathers' involvement in childcare have focused on its impact on children's psychosocial development and the facilitation of family functions, like marital relationships. In this study, we investigated the factors that determine paternal childcare in Japan, particularly focusing on work-related hours and environment, separately, according to mothers' employment status. METHODS: We used data from the Longitudinal Survey of Newborns in the 21st Century (2010 cohort) conducted in Japan. We restricted the sample to 27,783 participants with working fathers and analyzed how paternal work-related factors affect fathers' childcare involvement by mothers' employment status using an ordered logistic regression model. RESULTS: In the model adjusting for all covariates, the odds ratio of spending less time with children on weekdays was higher: for fathers who worked 50 and more hours per week compared to those who worked 40-49 hours per week (OR = 1.95, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.72-2.20 for 50-59 hours), for fathers whose commuting hour was longer than those commuting less than 0.5 hours per day (OR = 2.93, 95%CI:2.34-3.69 for 1.5 or more hours), for larger workplace employee sizes than for 5-99 employee sizes (OR = 1.56, 95%CI:1.38-1.77 for 500 or more employees). The associations between these paternal work-related variables and paternal hours spent with the children on weekdays were almost the same if the mothers were not working. CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of whether the mother is working, fathers' work environment factors, such as working hours, play a key role in their involvement in childcare.

    DOI PubMed

  • Paternal involvement in childcare and housework and mothers' spanking behavior: The Japanese longitudinal survey of newborns in the 21st century.

    Mako Nagayoshi, Yuko Kachi, Tsuguhiko Kato, Manami Ochi, Yuichi Ichinose, Takayuki Kondo, Kenji Takehara

    Journal of epidemiology    2024年06月  [査読有り]  [国内誌]

     概要を見る

    BACKGROUND: No previous study reported an association between paternal involvement in childcare and housework and maternal physical punishment. METHODS: Using data from the Japanese Longitudinal Survey of Newborns in the 21st century (N = 38,554), we analyzed responses about fathers' involvement in childcare and housework at 6 months and mothers' spanking of children at 3.5 years. Fathers' involvement in childcare and housework was scored and categorized into quartiles. Spanking frequency was asked in the "often", "sometimes", or "not at all" categories. Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the mothers' often spanking children were computed for the fathers' involvement in childcare and housework. We also stratified the association by fathers' working hours (40-49, 50-59, or ≥ 60 hours/week). RESULTS: Among the 16,373 respondents, the proportion of mothers who often spanked their children was 4.8%. Compared with the lowest quartile, a higher frequency of paternal involvement in housework was associated with a lower risk of spanking children (p trend = 0.001). Adjustment for covariates attenuated the association, but significant association was observed in the 3rd quartile of paternal involvement in housework [OR (95% CI): 0.77 (0.62-0.96)]. When the fathers worked fewer than 50 hours a week, a significant negative association was observed between the fathers' frequency of childcare and the likeliness of the mothers' spanking their children (p trend = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: The fathers' active involvement in childcare and housework could reduce the mothers' physical punishment for their children.

    DOI PubMed

  • The long-term association between paternal involvement in infant care and children's psychological well-being at age 16 years: An analysis of the Japanese Longitudinal Survey of Newborns in the 21st Century 2001 cohort.

    Tsuguhiko Kato, Yuko Kachi, Manami Ochi, Mako Nagayoshi, Bibha Dhungel, Takayuki Kondo, Kenji Takehara

    Journal of affective disorders   324   114 - 120  2023年03月  [査読有り]  [国際誌]

     概要を見る

    BACKGROUND: Some studies conducted in the United Kingdom have shown long-term associations between paternal involvement in childcare and adolescents' mental health issues. However, findings were inconsistent, and similar epidemiologic studies have not been conducted in other countries in Europe or Asia. Thus, we aimed to examine this association using Japanese population-based cohort study data. METHODS: The Japanese Longitudinal Survey of Newborns in the 21st Century commenced in 2001. Data from 18,568 16-year-olds enrolled in the survey were analyzed. Poor psychological well-being was assessed using the WHO-5 Well-being Index. Paternal involvement in childcare-in tasks such as changing diapers-was assessed at the children's 6 months of age. We created four groups from least involvement to most active involvement based on the frequency of fathers' performing the tasks. RESULTS: The risk of poor psychological well-being was lower among more active involvement groups compared with the least involvement group, after adjusting for potential confounders (risk ratios = 0.90 [95 % confidence intervals: 0.85, 0.95] for the most active group). LIMITATIONS: Due to 16 years of follow-up, loss to follow-up may have caused a selection bias. CONCLUSIONS: Our study is the first in Asian countries to show that fathers' active involvement in childcare is associated with poor psychological well-being in adolescence. Encouraging fathers' involvement in childcare may ameliorate prevalent issues of school refusals and withdrawals in the long term in Japan.

    DOI PubMed

  • Trajectories of fathers' childcare involvement and child behavioral outcomes.

    Bibha Dhungel, Tsuguhiko Kato, Stuart Gilmour, Yuko Kachi, Manami Ochi, Mako Nagayoshi, Kenji Takehara

    Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society   65 ( 1 ) e15682  2023年  [査読有り]  [国際誌]

     概要を見る

    BACKGROUND: Father's closeness and playful behavior influence a child's emotional and cognitive development. In this study, we aimed to assess the long-term association of paternal involvement in childcare at 1-3 years of life on subsequent behavioral outcomes at 8 years of age. METHODS: Data were obtained from the 2010 cohort of the Longitudinal Survey of Newborns in the 21st century in Japan. We used group-based trajectory modeling to predict the trajectory of total childcare scores in surveys 1, 2 and 3 to determine the overall involvement of fathers in childcare during early childhood. The level of fathers' involvement in childcare was categorized as "low", "medium" and "high". Responses from the eighth survey were used to assess child behavioral outcomes using five indicators when the child was 8 years old. Crude and adjusted logistic regression analysis was conducted to estimate the odds ratio (OR) separately for each of the behavioral outcomes of the child. RESULTS: Among the 17,027 father-child dyads included in this study, two-thirds of the fathers were of the age group 30-39 years. Compared to low involvement, children of fathers with high involvement in childcare during the early childhood years were less likely to not want to go to school even after adjusting for covariates (adjusted OR, 0.46; 95% CI: 0.32-0.66). CONCLUSIONS: Children benefit from their fathers' involvement in early childcare activities. To improve a child's well-being, fathers should be encouraged by providing them with a suitable working environment with flexible arrangements and the opportunity to involve in childcare.

    DOI PubMed

  • Association of paternal factors with mothers' employment postchildbirth.

    Bibha Dhungel, Yuko Kachi, Tsuguhiko Kato, Manami Ochi, Mako Nagayoshi, Stuart Gilmour, Kenji Takehara

    Journal of occupational health   65 ( 1 ) e12419  2023年  [査読有り]  [国際誌]

     概要を見る

    OBJECTIVES: The demand on Japanese women to fulfill their dual roles as mothers and labor force participants leads to a subsequent reduction of their employment hours, switching of occupations, or quitting the labor force. This study aims to examine paternal factors associated with mothers' employment status 18 months after childbirth. METHODS: We used data from the 2010 cohort of the Longitudinal Survey of Newborns conducted in Japan. We restricted our analysis to 10 712 mothers who had full-time employment 1 year before childbirth. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess paternal factors associated with mothers' employment after childbirth. RESULTS: One-third of the mothers with full-time employment before childbirth were not working full-time 18 months after delivery. We found that high childcare involvement (score 13-18) of fathers (OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.01-1.43) and fathers with part-time employment (OR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.12-2.26) were associated with higher odds of mothers' full-time employment. Fathers' weekly work of ≥60 h (OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.71-0.88) and higher annual income decreased the odds ratios by over 20%. CONCLUSIONS: Fathers' work arrangements and involvement in childcare play a key role in helping mothers resume employment postchildbirth.

    DOI PubMed

  • Perceived psychosocial safety climate, psychological distress, and work engagement in Japanese employees: A cross-sectional mediation analysis of job demands and job resources.

    Akiomi Inoue, Hisashi Eguchi, Yuko Kachi, Akizumi Tsutsumi

    Journal of occupational health   65 ( 1 ) e12405  2023年  [査読有り]  [国際誌]

     概要を見る

    OBJECTIVES: We examined the associations of perceived psychosocial safety climate (PSC) with psychological distress and work engagement in Japanese employees. We also examined the mediation effects of job demands (i.e., psychological demands) and job resources (i.e., job control, worksite support, and extrinsic reward) in these associations. METHODS: A total of 2200 employees (1100 men and 1100 women) registered with a Japanese online survey company were surveyed using a self-administered web-based questionnaire containing the scales on PSC (12-item PSC scale), job demands and job resources (Job Content Questionnaire and Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire), psychological distress (K6 scale), and work engagement (9-item Utrecht Work Engagement Scale), and items on demographic and occupational characteristics (i.e., age, sex, education, occupation, work form, and working hours per week). A multiple mediation analysis with a bootstrap method was conducted. RESULTS: After adjusting for demographic and occupational characteristics, significant negative and positive total effects of perceived PSC were observed on psychological distress and work engagement, respectively (c = -0.258 [95% confidence interval (CI): -0.298 to -0.219] and 0.383 [95% CI: 0.344-0.421], respectively). When we included job demands and job resources as mediators in the model, significant total mediation effects in these associations were observed (c - c' = -0.181 [95% CI: -0.221 to -0.143] and 0.269 [95% CI: 0.234-0.304], respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that perceived PSC is negatively associated with psychological distress and positively associated with work engagement, and that these associations are partially mediated (or explained) by job demands and job resources.

    DOI PubMed

  • マタニティハラスメントと関連する職場環境要因:COVID-19流行下における横断調査

    堀口涼子, 可知悠子, 堤明純

    厚生の指標    2023年01月  [査読有り]

    担当区分:責任著者

  • Low Adaptation to Management Philosophy and Refraining From Seeking Medical Care in Japanese Employees: A 1-Year Prospective Study.

    Akiomi Inoue, Hisashi Eguchi, Yuko Kachi, Akizumi Tsutsumi

    Journal of occupational and environmental medicine   64 ( 12 ) 1007 - 1012  2022年12月  [査読有り]  [国際誌]

     概要を見る

    OBJECTIVE: We examined the prospective association of low adaptation to management philosophy with refraining from seeking medical care (RSMC) among Japanese employees in a company with a management philosophy of "pursuing employees' well-being." METHODS: We surveyed 2791 employees (2059 men and 732 women) from two factories of a Japanese manufacturing company following the management philosophy of "pursuing employees' well-being." Using a self-administered questionnaire, we measured adaptation to management philosophy at baseline and RSMC at a one-year follow-up. We conducted robust Poisson regression analysis. RESULTS: Low adaptation to management philosophy was significantly associated with RSMC (incidence-rate ratio = 1.17 [95% confidence interval: 1.03-1.35]). CONCLUSIONS: Adaptation to management philosophy may be an important factor associated with the decision of employees working at a company following the "pursuing employees' well-being" management philosophy to seek medical care for their perceived health issues.

    DOI PubMed

  • The effects of pregnancy discrimination on postpartum depressive symptoms: a follow-up study.

    Yuko Kachi, Takeo Fujiwara, Akiomi Inoue, Sachiko Baba, Hisashi Eguchi, Hiroshi Ohta, Akizumi Tsutsumi

    BMC pregnancy and childbirth   22 ( 1 ) 825 - 825  2022年11月  [国際誌]

    担当区分:筆頭著者, 責任著者

     概要を見る

    BACKGROUND: Pregnancy discrimination in the workplace is prevalent worldwide. However, few studies have examined the effects of pregnancy discrimination on mothers' perinatal mental health. We aimed to investigate the association between pregnancy discrimination and postpartum depressive symptoms, and the mediation effects of prenatal depressive symptoms on this association. METHODS: Our sample consisted of 285 Japanese women employed during pregnancy who completed a baseline online survey in May 2020 and a follow-up mail survey two months postpartum. Pregnancy discrimination was defined as exposure to any of 16 forms of disadvantageous treatment or harassment related to pregnancy, prohibited by national guidelines. Prenatal (assessed at baseline) and postpartum (assessed at follow-up) depressive symptoms were measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Multiple linear regression and mediation analyses were performed overall and stratified by regular (permanent) and non-regular (precarious) employees. RESULTS: Overall, 23.9% of participants experienced pregnancy discrimination during pregnancy. After adjusting for potential confounders, pregnancy discrimination was significantly associated with postpartum depressive symptoms (coefficient 1.76, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.65-2.88). When stratified by employment type, these effects were observable among non-regular employees (coefficient 2.51, 95% CI 0.45-4.57) but not regular employees. Mediation analysis showed that prenatal depressive symptoms mediated 57.1% (95% CI 20.1-94.1%) of the association between pregnancy discrimination and postpartum depressive symptoms among all participants, with a greater effect among non-regular employees (64.1% [95% CI 18.5-109.8%]). CONCLUSIONS: Pregnancy discrimination has adverse effects on postpartum depressive symptoms, partially through prenatal depressive symptoms, especially among non-regular employees. To prevent perinatal depression in female workers, employers should comply with legislation and take preventive measures against pregnancy discrimination, while considering vulnerable employees.

    DOI PubMed

  • Workplace Social Support and Reduced Psychological Distress: A 1-Year Occupational Cohort Study.

    Reiko Inoue, Hiroyuki Hikichi, Akiomi Inoue, Yuko Kachi, Hisashi Eguchi, Kazuhiro Watanabe, Yumi Arai, Noboru Iwata, Akizumi Tsutsumi

    Journal of occupational and environmental medicine   64 ( 11 ) e700-e704  2022年11月  [査読有り]  [国際誌]

     概要を見る

    OBJECTIVE: There is little evidence that workplace social support can relieve workers' mental health problems. Therefore, we examined whether social support from coworkers and supervisors was associated with reduced serious psychological distress among employees. METHODS: We used two-wave panel data from 13 Japanese companies. The baseline survey was conducted in 2011, and the follow-up survey 1 year later. From 9,889 respondents, we selected 759 who had psychological distress at baseline, defined as ≥13 on the Kessler Psychological Distress scale (K6). RESULTS: Increased coworker support was significantly associated with employees' reduced psychological distress [odds ratio (OR) 3.51, 95% CI 2.17-5.68]. The association between increased supervisor support and reduced psychological distress was nonsignificant [OR 1.32, 95% CI 0.85-2.04]. CONCLUSION: Encouraging coworker support may contribute to the secondary prevention of mental health problems among employees.

    DOI PubMed

  • [Review on the influence of paternal involvement in childcare on mothers, children, and fathers].

    Tsuguhiko Kato, Manami Ochi, Yuko Kachi, Maiko Suto, Miyako Otsuka, Kenji Takehara

    [Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health    2022年03月  [査読有り]  [国内誌]

     概要を見る

    Objectives Recently, paternal involvement in childcare has been gaining public attention in Japan. However, studies on the influences of active paternal involvement remain scarce. This study aimed to review the findings on the influence of paternal involvement in childcare on mothers, children, and fathers themselves from studies conducted in Japan and published mainly after 2010. Additionally, we examined methodological issues that need to be addressed when researchers conduct studies on paternal involvement in the future.Methods We reviewed 26 journal articles (22 in Japanese and 4 in English) from four databases: "Igaku Chuo Zasshi Web (Japana Centra Revuo Medicina History and Activities)," JSTPlus, JMEDPlus, and PubMed with conditions such as studies conducted in Japan, families with young children, and questionnaire-based quantitative studies. We described respondents (mothers, fathers, or both) and assessed paternal involvement in childcare, outcomes, and findings.Results We reviewed studies on paternal involvement in childcare published in Japanese after 2010 and English after 2000 and observed two trends across the studies. The first was that if mothers acknowledge active paternal involvement in childcare, mothers' parenting stress seemed to be lower, and they seemed to be happier. Moreover, for children's health and development, active paternal involvement seemed to be associated with positive results, such as prevention of unintentional injuries and obesity. However, in the second trend, we observed that active paternal involvement, assessed by the fathers themselves, were often not associated with lower parenting stress among mothers. We also could not observe a consistent trend on the findings related to the influences on fathers, due to the limited number of studies. We observed that assessment of paternal involvement in childcare was inconsistent across studies included in this review.Conclusion With more social pressure for fathers to be actively involved in childcare, public interest for the influence would be heightened. For future studies, better ways of assessing the quantity and content of paternal involvement in childcare need to be discussed.

    DOI PubMed

  • Factors related to parenting stress among fathers of preschool children in Japan.

    Yuko Kachi, Manami Ochi, Tsuguhiko Kato, Miyako Otsuka, Kenji Takehara

    Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society   64 ( 1 ) e15132  2022年01月  [査読有り]  [国際誌]

    担当区分:筆頭著者, 責任著者

     概要を見る

    BACKGROUND: Even though fathers participate in childcare at a higher rate than before, there remains a lack of research on the factors that contribute to parenting stress among fathers. This study explored the socioeconomic and demographic factors associated with parenting stress among fathers of preschool children. METHODS: Our study included 17 645 fathers who participated in the 2016 Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions in Japan. Parenting stress was assessed using a single question. Socioeconomic and demographic factors were predictors. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for parenting stress. RESULTS: Overall, 6.6% fathers experienced parenting stress. Fathers with a youngest child aged 0-2 years were more likely to experience parenting stress than those with a youngest child aged 3-6 (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.25-1.68). Compared with fathers who lived in two-parent households without grandparents, those who lived in single-father households (both with and without grandparents) were more likely to experience parenting stress (OR: 12.13, 95% CI: 5.60-26.29 and OR: 4.19, 95% CI: 2.04-8.60, respectively). Furthermore, there was a significant negative association between education and parenting stress. CONCLUSIONS: Having a child aged 0-2 years, single fatherhood, and higher education were associated with parenting stress among fathers of preschool children. Healthcare professionals need to be aware of these factors when supporting fathers in raising their children.

    DOI PubMed

  • Reliability and Validity of the Japanese Version of the 12-Item Psychosocial Safety Climate Scale (PSC-12J).

    Akiomi Inoue, Hisashi Eguchi, Yuko Kachi, Sarven S McLinton, Maureen F Dollard, Akizumi Tsutsumi

    International journal of environmental research and public health   18 ( 24 )  2021年12月  [査読有り]  [国際誌]

     概要を見る

    The 12-item psychosocial safety climate scale (PSC-12) has been used extensively in previous research, but its reliability and validity in a Japanese context are still unknown. We examined the psychometrics of the Japanese version of the PSC-12 (PSC-12J). The PSC-12J and scales on the relevant variables were administered to 2200 employees registered with an online survey company. A follow-up survey with 1400 of the respondents was conducted two weeks later. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were examined via Cronbach's alpha and Cohen's weighted kappa coefficients, respectively. Structural, convergent, and known-group validities were examined using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and item response theory (IRT) analysis, correlation analysis, and Kruskal-Wallis test, respectively. Cronbach's alpha and Cohen's weighted kappa coefficients were 0.97 and 0.53, respectively. CFA based on the four-factor structure established in the previous literature showed an acceptable model fit. IRT analysis showed that each item was an adequate measure of the respondent's latent trait. Correlations of the PSC-12J with the relevant variables and distribution of scores by demographic characteristics were also observed in the theoretically expected directions, supporting the construct validity of the PSC-12J. Our findings establish the PSC-12J as a reliable and valid measure of the psychosocial safety climate construct in the Japanese context.

    DOI PubMed

  • Association of child's disability status with father's health outcomes in Japan.

    Bibha Dhungel, Kato Tsuguhiko, Manami Ochi, Stuart Gilmour, Yuko Kachi, Kenji Takehara

    SSM - population health   16   100951 - 100951  2021年12月  [査読有り]  [国際誌]

     概要を見る

    Fathers' involvement in childcare has been increasing in recent years. However, very little is known about the health impact on fathers when they are caring for or living with a disabled child. This study aims to understand the psychological distress and subjective health outcomes among fathers living with a disabled child compared to fathers living without a disabled child. Data for this study were obtained from the Comprehensive Survey of the Living Conditions conducted by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare in 2016. Multivariable logistic regression was used among 438 disabled-child and father dyads and 27,682 non-disabled-child and father dyads to analyse the association between a child's disability status with father's health outcomes. Fathers of disabled children had a higher prevalence of psychological distress (17% vs. 12%) and poor subjective health status (13% vs. 8%) than fathers of non-disabled children. A large proportion of disabled children were boys (70%) and had disability level 1 (47%). After adjusting for covariates, the odds ratio (OR) of having psychological distress (OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.19-1.97) and poor subjective health status (OR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.34-2.36) among fathers of disabled children is significantly higher compared to fathers of non-disabled children. Unemployed fathers had a higher odds ratio of psychological distress (OR, 3.07; 95% CI, 2.49-3.79) and poor subjective health status (OR, 4.90; 95% CI, 3.95-6.09) compared to regular working fathers. Fathers of children with disabilities need greater physical and mental health and wellbeing support. They should be provided with additional support not just for their mental but also their subjective wellbeing.

    DOI PubMed

  • Prevalence of and associated factors for psychological distress among single fathers in Japan.

    Bibha Dhungel, Kato Tsuguhiko, Yuko Kachi, Manami Ochi, Stuart Gilmour, Kenji Takehara

    Journal of epidemiology    2021年10月  [査読有り]  [国内誌]

     概要を見る

    BACKGROUND: In Japan, ten percent of single-parent households are led by fathers. Taking care of children as a single father is very stressful and could put a strain on their health. It is very important to prevent and identify psychological distress among fathers for both their own health and to avoid negative impacts on children. This study aims to determine the prevalence of, and factors associated with psychological distress among single fathers and understand how it is different from partnered fathers. METHODS: We used data from the Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions 2016. Psychological distress, assessed using the K6 scale, was analysed among 868 single and 43,880 partnered fathers. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the risk factors for psychological distress such as employment type, sleep hours, smoking and drinking habits. RESULTS: Single fathers had a higher proportion (8.5%) of psychological distress compared to partnered fathers (5.0%). A large percentage of single fathers had a lower educational level and were non-regular workers, self-employed or unemployed, compared to partnered fathers. Among single fathers, the crude and adjusted odds ratio for employment type and sleep hours were significantly associated with psychological distress. CONCLUSION: As single parents who are self-employed or directors are likely to have significantly reduced psychological distress than those with regular jobs, measures are needed to improve the work-family balance for non-self-employed fathers. There is a need to provide assistance to improve the quality and amount of sleep of single fathers to ensure their and their children's good health.

    DOI PubMed

  • Association Between Adaptation of Management Philosophy and Mission Statement, and Work Engagement Among Japanese Workers: A 1-year Prospective Cohort Study in a Japanese Company.

    Hisashi Eguchi, Akiomi Inoue, Yuko Kachi, Akizumi Tsutsumi

    Journal of occupational and environmental medicine   63 ( 9 ) e601-e604  2021年09月  [査読有り]  [国際誌]

     概要を見る

    OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between individual adaptation of management philosophy and mission statement, and work engagement among employees in a single Japanese company. METHODS: We carried out a 1-year prospective cohort study on all workers aged 18 to 65 years in a Japanese electrical components manufacturer. Our cohort included 2044 men and 721 women. We used multiple regression analysis to examine associations between variables. RESULTS: Higher individual adaptation of management philosophy and mission statement at baseline was significantly associated with better work engagement at follow-up after adjusting for potential confounders and work engagement at baseline (β = 0.085, 95% confidence interval 0.054 to 0.117). CONCLUSIONS: There is a positive association between higher individual adaptation of management philosophy and mission statement with work engagement.

    DOI PubMed

  • Organizational Justice and Cognitive Failures in Japanese Employees: A Cross-Sectional Study.

    Akiomi Inoue, Hisashi Eguchi, Yuko Kachi, Akizumi Tsutsumi

    Journal of occupational and environmental medicine   63 ( 10 ) 901 - 906  2021年05月  [査読有り]  [国際誌]

     概要を見る

    OBJECTIVE: We examined the association of organizational justice (i.e., procedural justice and interactional justice) with cognitive failures, and the mediation effect of psychological distress on this association in Japanese employees. METHODS: A total of 189 men and 35 women from two sites of a manufacturing company in Japan were surveyed using a self-administered web-based questionnaire. A multiple mediation analysis was conducted. RESULTS: A significant negative total effect of procedural justice on cognitive failures was observed (c = -0.180 [95% confidence interval: -0.315 to -0.044]). Furthermore, the mediation effect of psychological distress was significant (c-c' = - 0.213 [95% confidence interval: -0.323 to -0.115]). Similar patterns were observed for interactional justice. CONCLUSIONS: Employees may be more likely to experience cognitive failures in daily activities in work settings where organizational justice is lower, which seems to be explained by psychological distress.

    DOI PubMed

  • Mothers' nonstandard work schedules and adolescent obesity: a population-based cross-sectional study in the Tokyo metropolitan area.

    Yuko Kachi, Aya Abe, Hisashi Eguchi, Akiomi Inoue, Akizumi Tsutsumi

    BMC public health   21 ( 1 ) 237 - 237  2021年01月  [査読有り]  [国際誌]

    担当区分:筆頭著者, 責任著者

     概要を見る

    BACKGROUND: Many wage earners in developed countries have irregular shift patterns and work evenings, nights, and weekends. Some studies have demonstrated that the nonstandard work schedules of parents have adverse effects on their children's weight, specifically leading to or worsening obesity. However, no such study has been conducted in adolescents of high school age. This study examined the association between mothers' nonstandard work schedules and adolescent obesity. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of adolescents aged 16-17 years (n = 1743) used paired matches of self-administered questionnaires for adolescents and their mothers from Tokyo, Japan. Obesity was defined by International Obesity Task Force cut-offs. Nonstandard work schedules were defined as working early mornings, nights, overnights, or weekends. Chi-square tests were conducted to examine the association between the mothers' work schedules and their adolescent children's poor lifestyles, overall and stratified by income levels. Then, logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between mothers' work schedules and obesity of their adolescent children, overall and stratified by income levels. RESULTS: Overall, 6.5% of adolescents had obesity. The prevalence of obesity was higher among adolescents from low-middle income groups (8.2%) than that among those from high-income groups (5.9%). No clear patterns were found between mothers' work schedules and adolescents' poor lifestyles when stratified by income levels. Mothers' nonstandard work schedules were significantly associated with adolescent obesity (odds ratio [OR]: 1.56, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-2.40). However, this association was not significant after adjustment for confounders. After stratification by income levels, mothers' nonstandard work schedules significantly associated with their children's obesity (OR: 2.93, 95% CI: 1.45-5.92) only in high-income groups. This association remained after adjustment of the adolescents' lifestyles and their mothers' working hours. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that mothers' nonstandard work schedules have adverse effects on adolescent obesity only in high-income families. Low-middle income families experienced higher levels of adolescent obesity, regardless of the mothers' work schedules. Policy makers should consider mothers' work schedules as a factor in preventing adolescent obesity.

    DOI PubMed

  • 末子が未就学児の子どもを持つ父親の労働日における生活時間.

    大塚美耶子, 越智真奈美, 可知悠子, 加藤承彦, 新村美知, 竹原健二

    厚生の指標   68 ( 15 ) 24 - 30  2021年  [査読有り]

  • Association between maternity harassment and depression during pregnancy amid the COVID-19 state of emergency.

    Yuko Kachi, Takeo Fujiwara, Hisashi Eguchi, Akiomi Inoue, Sachiko Baba, Hiroshi Ohta, Akizumi Tsutsumi

    Journal of occupational health   63 ( 1 ) e12196  2021年01月  [査読有り]  [国際誌]

    担当区分:筆頭著者, 責任著者

     概要を見る

    OBJECTIVES: Maternity harassment, known in English as pregnancy discrimination, remains prevalent in developed countries. However, research examining the mental health effects of maternity harassment is lacking. We aimed to examine the association between maternity harassment and depression during pregnancy in Japan. METHODS: A cross-sectional Internet survey was conducted on 359 pregnant employees (including women who were working at the time their pregnancy was confirmed) from May 22 to May 31, 2020, during which time a COVID-19 state of emergency was declared. Maternity harassment was defined as being subjected to any of the 16 adverse treatments prohibited by national guidelines. Depression was defined as a score of ≥9 on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (Japanese version). Logistic regression analysis was performed. RESULTS: Overall, 24.8% of the pregnant employees had experienced maternity harassment by supervisors and/or colleagues. After adjusting for demographics, pregnancy status, work status, and fear of COVID-19, pregnant employees who experienced maternity harassment were more likely to have depression than those who did not (odds ratio 2.48, 95% confidential interval 1.34-4.60). This association was not influenced by whether they were teleworking or not as a COVID-19 measure. CONCLUSIONS: One quarter of pregnant employees experienced maternity harassment and had a higher prevalence of depression than those who did not. Being physically away from the office through teleworking may not reduce the effect of maternal harassment on depression. To protect the mental health and employment of pregnant women, employers should comply with the laws and take measures to prevent maternity harassment.

    DOI PubMed

  • Work Engagement and Work Performance Among Japanese Workers: A 1-Year Prospective Cohort Study.

    Hisashi Eguchi, Akiomi Inoue, Yuko Kachi, Koichi Miyaki, Akizumi Tsutsumi

    Journal of occupational and environmental medicine   62 ( 12 ) 993 - 997  2020年12月  [査読有り]  [国際誌]

     概要を見る

    OBJECTIVE: We carried out a prospective study to investigate the association between work engagement and work performance in a group of Japanese workers. METHODS: Our cohort included 1632 men and 192 women aged 65 years or younger who worked at a manufacturing company in Japan. Multiple regression analysis was conducted. RESULTS: Higher work engagement at baseline was significantly associated with better work performance at follow-up (β = 0.159, P < 0.001). A sex-stratified analysis showed that the impact of work engagement at baseline on work performance at follow-up was stronger among women than among men (β = 0.242, P < 0.001 and β = 0.153, P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Higher work engagement may have beneficial effects on work performance. The impact of work engagement on work performance may be greater among women than among men.

    DOI PubMed

  • Workplace social capital and refraining from seeking medical care in Japanese employees: a 1-year prospective cohort study.

    Akiomi Inoue, Akizumi Tsutsumi, Hisashi Eguchi, Yuko Kachi, Akihito Shimazu, Koichi Miyaki, Masaya Takahashi, Sumiko Kurioka, Kazuhiko Enta, Yuki Kosugi, Takafumi Totsuzaki, Norito Kawakami

    BMJ open   10 ( 8 ) e036910  2020年08月  [査読有り]  [国際誌]

     概要を見る

    OBJECTIVES: We examined the association of workplace social capital (WSC), including structural and cognitive dimensions, with refraining from seeking medical care (RSMC) among Japanese employees. DESIGN: One-year prospective cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: We surveyed 8770 employees (6881 men and 1889 women) aged 18-70 years from 12 firms in Japan using a self-administered questionnaire comprising the WSC scale and the items on potential confounders (ie, age, educational attainment and equivalent annual household income) at baseline (from April 2011 to March 2013). OUTCOME MEASURES: At a 1-year follow-up, we measured RSMC using a single-item question 'In the past year, have you ever refrained from visiting a hospital, clinic, acupuncturist or dentist despite your sickness (including a slight cold or cavity) or injury?' RESULTS: The results of Cox regression with robust variance showed that, after adjusting for potential confounders, the low WSC group (ie, the lowest tertile group) had a significantly higher relative risk (RR) of RSMC compared with the high WSC group (ie, the highest tertile group) among both men and women (overall WSC: RR 1.09 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.17) and 1.20 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.37); structural dimension: RR 1.13 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.22) and 1.25 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.45); and cognitive dimension: RR 1.11 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.20) and 1.21 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.38), respectively). Trend analysis using a continuous score of the WSC scale also showed a significant association of low WSC with a higher risk of RSMC among both men and women. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the lack of social capital in the workplace is associated with RSMC among Japanese employees.

    DOI PubMed

  • Combined effect of high stress and job dissatisfaction on long-term sickness absence: a 1-year prospective study of Japanese employees

    Inoue A, Kachi Y, Eguchi H, Shimazu A, Kawakami N, Tsutsumi A

    Environmental and Occupational Health Practice (in press)    2020年04月  [査読有り]  [国際誌]

  • Occupational stress and the risk of turnover: a large prospective cohort study of employees in Japan.

    Yuko Kachi, Akiomi Inoue, Hisashi Eguchi, Norito Kawakami, Akihito Shimazu, Akizumi Tsutsumi

    BMC public health   20 ( 1 ) 174 - 174  2020年02月  [査読有り]  [国際誌]

     概要を見る

    BACKGROUND: Although several studies have examined the association between occupational stress and turnover, these studies relied on cross-sectional designs, subjects' self-report, healthcare workforce, or small sample sizes. This study aimed to confirm whether occupational stress increases the risk of turnover in a large-scale prospective cohort study using actual turnover data from company records. METHODS: The participants were 3892 male and 5765 female employees aged 20-49 years in a financial service company. We followed them from October 2012 until April 1, 2016 and used company records to identify employees who resigned. We identified employees with high and low stress using the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire. Hazard ratios for turnover in high-stress employees were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models, and population attributable risks were calculated separately for men and women. RESULTS: During 11,475,862 person-days, 122 men and 760 women resigned. After adjustment for age, length of service, job type, and position, the hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for turnover in high-stress employees were 2.86 (1.74-4.68) for men and 1.52 (1.29-1.78) for women. The corresponding population attributable risks for high stress were 8.2% for men and 8.3% for women. The component scores, i.e., job stressors, psychological/physical stress response, workplace social support, and job strain (the combination of high job demands and low job control) were also significantly associated with turnover (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Occupational stress increases the risk of actual turnover. Measures to prevent occupational stress may be useful to prevent employee turnover.

    DOI PubMed

  • 小・中学生の保護者を対象とした「子ども食堂」に関するインターネット調査

    黒谷 佳代, 新杉 知沙, 千葉 剛, 山口 麻衣, 可知 悠子, 瀧本 秀美, 近藤 尚己

    日本公衆衛生雑誌   66 ( 9 ) 593 - 602  2019年09月  [査読有り]

     概要を見る

    目的 子ども食堂はボランティア等に運営され、子どもの社会的包摂に向けた共助のしくみとして注目されている。主なターゲット層である小・中学生の保護者を対象とした子ども食堂の認知に関する調査により、子ども食堂の地域における活用に関連する要因を明らかにすることを目的とした。方法 小学校1年生から中学校3年生の保護者3,420人(平均年齢42.6歳)を対象に、2018年10月にインターネット調査を実施した。属性、子ども食堂の認知と認識、利用経験、今後の利用希望とその理由を質問項目とした。対象者を二人親低所得(世帯年収400万円未満)世帯父親、二人親中高所得(400万円以上)世帯父親、二人親低所得世帯母親、二人親中高所得世帯母親、ひとり親世帯父親、ひとり親世帯母親に分け、群間の差はχ2検定により検定を行った。結果 子ども食堂の認知割合は全体の69.0%で、男性に比べ女性で高く、とりわけ二人親中高所得世帯母親で79.7%と高かった(P<0.001)。メディアで子ども食堂を知った者が87.5%で、子どもが一人でも行けるところ・無料または数百円で食事を提供するところ・地域の人が関わって食事を提供するところという認識や、安い・賑やか・明るいなどポジティブなイメージを持つ者が多かった。しかし、子ども食堂を知っている者のうち、子ども食堂に本人もしくはその子どもが行ったことのある者はそれぞれ4.5%、6.3%であった。今後、子ども食堂に子どもを行かせてみたいと思うと回答した者は全体の52.9%で、世帯構成による利用希望に違いがみられ、低所得世帯とひとり親世帯母親では利用希望者が過半数である一方、中高所得世帯とひとり親世帯父親では過半数が利用希望しなかった(P<0.001)。その主な理由として、必要がない・家の近くに子ども食堂がない・家で食事をしたいなどがあったが、少数意見として生活に困っていると思われたくない・家庭事情を詮索されそう・恥ずかしいという理由があった。また、中高所得世帯では子ども食堂にかわいそうというイメージを持つ者が多かった。結論 本研究の小・中学生の保護者は子ども食堂に対してポジティブ・ネガティブの両方の認識をしており、その内容は世帯状況により異なっていた。理解の定着と普及のためには子ども食堂への負のイメージの払拭や子ども食堂へのアクセスの確保などの対応が必要と思われる。(著者抄録)

  • Psychosocial work environment explains the association of job dissatisfaction with long-term sickness absence: a one-year prospect study of Japanese employees.

    Akiomi Inoue, Akizumi Tsutsumi, Yuko Kachi, Hisashi Eguchi, Akihito Shimazu, Norito Kawakami

    Journal of epidemiology   30 ( 9 ) 390 - 395  2019年07月  [査読有り]  [国内誌]

     概要を見る

    BACKGROUND: Using a one-year prospective design, we examined the association of job dissatisfaction with long-term sickness absence lasting one month or more, before and after adjusting for psychosocial work environment (i.e., quantitative job overload, job control, and workplace social support) in Japanese employees. METHODS: We surveyed 14,687 employees (7,343 men and 7,344 women) aged 20-66 years, who had not taken long-term sickness absence in the past three years, from a financial service company in Japan. The Brief Job Stress Questionnaire, including scales on job satisfaction and psychosocial work environment, was administered, and information on demographic and occupational characteristics (i.e., age, gender, length of service, job type, and employment position) was obtained from the personnel records of the surveyed company at baseline (July-August 2015). Subsequently, information on the start dates of long-term sickness absences was obtained during the follow-up period (until July 2016) from the personnel records. Cox's proportional hazard regression analysis was conducted. RESULTS: After adjusting for demographic and occupational characteristics, those who perceived job dissatisfaction had a significantly higher hazard ratio of long-term sickness absence than those who perceived job satisfaction (hazard ratio=2.91; 95% confidence interval, 1.74-4.87). After additionally adjusting for psychosocial work environment, this association was weakened and no longer significant (hazard ratio=1.55; 95% confidence interval, 0.86-2.80). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the association of job dissatisfaction with long-term sickness absence is spurious and explained mainly by psychosocial work environment.

    DOI PubMed

  • Links between organizational preparedness and employee action to seek support among a Japanese working population with chronic diseases.

    Eguchi H, Tsutsumi A, Inoue A, Kachi Y

    Journal of occupational health   61 ( 5 ) 407 - 414  2019年05月  [査読有り]  [国際誌]

    DOI PubMed

  • Socio-economic disparities in early childhood education enrollment: Japanese population-based study.

    Kachi Y, Kato T, Kawachi I

    Journal of epidemiology   30 ( 3 ) 143 - 150  2019年03月  [査読有り]  [国内誌]

    担当区分:筆頭著者

    DOI PubMed

  • 働きたいのに働けない人はどのような働き方を望んでいるのか―育児・介護との関連から非正規雇用の可能性を考える―

    高橋美保, 可知悠子

    産業 ・ 組織心理学研究   33 ( 1 ) 51 - 64  2019年  [査読有り]

  • Organizational justice and illness reporting among Japanese employees with chronic diseases.

    Hisashi Eguchi, Akizumi Tsutsumi, Akiomi Inoue, Yuko Kachi

    PloS one   14 ( 10 ) e0223595  2019年  [査読有り]  [国際誌]

     概要を見る

    PURPOSE: This study examined the association between perceived organizational justice (i.e., procedural justice and interactional justice) and reporting of illness to one's company (illness reporting) among Japanese employees with chronic diseases. METHODS: This online cross-sectional survey included 1,134 employees (aged 18-65 years) who required workplace support to combine work with disease treatment. Participants were classified into tertiles of perceived organizational justice (low, moderate, and high). Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine sex differences in the associations between perceived justice and illness reporting. RESULTS: Males reporting perceived high levels of procedural and interactional justice had significantly higher odds of illness reporting than those with perceived low levels of procedural (odds ratio [OR] 2.62, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.47-4.66) and interactional justice (OR 4.34, 95% CI: 2.28-8.27). Females with perceived high levels of interactional justice had significantly higher odds of illness reporting than those with perceived low levels of interactional justice (OR 1.74, 95% CI: 1.08-2.80). There was no significant association between procedural justice and illness reporting among females. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that high perceived organizational justice is positively associated with illness reporting among Japanese employees who require workplace support to combine work and disease treatment.

    DOI PubMed

  • Validation of the Japanese Version of the Multidimensional Measure of Family Supportive Supervisor Behaviors (FSSB-J).

    Hisashi Eguchi, Yuko Kachi, Hayami K Koga, Mariko Sakka, Masahito Tokita, Akihito Shimazu

    Frontiers in psychology   10   2628 - 2628  2019年  [査読有り]  [国際誌]

     概要を見る

    Objective: The aim of the current study was to validate the Japanese version of the family supportive supervisor behaviors (FSSB-J) measure. FSSB is conceptualized as a multidimensional, superordinate construct constituted of four dimensions: emotional support, instrumental support, role modeling behaviors, and creative work-family management. Methods: The Japanese translated and back-translated FSSB-J questionnaire was administered to 1,670 men and women aged 20-59 years who were registered with a Japanese online survey company in November 2017. Confirmatory factor analyses were performed to evaluate the factorial validity of the FSSB-J. Cross-time measurement invariance was tested using multi-group confirmatory factor analyses. Construct validity was assessed with the potential consequences of FSSB (e.g., work-family spillover, work engagement, intention to leave, job satisfaction, and psychological distress) and convergent validity was assessed using similar concepts (e.g., organizational justice and social support). Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were examined to evaluate the reliability of the four dimensions of the FSSB. Results: A series of confirmatory factor analyses using the multiple-group method revealed that the four-factor model fitted the data best. The latent factor structure demonstrated configural, metric, and scalar invariance across time. Construct and convergent validity were generally in line with expectations. Cronbach's α coefficient and test-retest reliability were sufficient for each of the four dimensions of the FSSB. Conclusion: This study suggests that FSSB-J is an adequate measure of FSSB in the Japanese context.

    DOI PubMed

  • Gender differences in the effects of job insecurity on psychological distress in Japanese workers: a population-based panel study.

    Kachi Y, Hashimoto H, Eguchi H

    International archives of occupational and environmental health   91 ( 8 ) 991 - 999  2018年11月  [査読有り]

    担当区分:筆頭著者, 責任著者

    DOI PubMed

  • Associations of non-standard employment with cardiovascular risk factors: findings from nationwide cross-sectional studies in Japan.

    Ando E, Kachi Y, Kawakami N, Fukuda Y, Kawada T

    Industrial health   56 ( 4 ) 336 - 345  2018年04月  [査読有り]

    担当区分:責任著者

    DOI PubMed

  • Parental Socioeconomic Status and Weight Faltering in Infants in Japan.

    Kachi Y, Fujiwara T, Yamaoka Y, Kato T

    Frontiers in pediatrics   6   127  2018年  [査読有り]

    担当区分:筆頭著者

    DOI PubMed

  • Preventive effect of pravastatin on the development of hypertension in patients with hypercholesterolemia: A post-hoc analysis of the Management of Elevated Cholesterol in the Primary Prevention Group of Adult Japanese (MEGA) Study.

    Otsuka T, Mizuno K, Shinozaki T, Kachi Y, Nakamura H

    Journal of clinical lipidology   11 ( 4 ) 998 - 1006  2017年07月  [査読有り]

    DOI PubMed

  • Socioeconomic disparities in psychological distress in a nationally representative sample of Japanese adolescents: A time trend study.

    Kachi Y, Abe A, Ando E, Kawada T

    The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry   51 ( 3 ) 278 - 286  2017年03月  [査読有り]

    担当区分:筆頭著者

    DOI PubMed

  • Should co-payments for financially deprived patients be lowered? Primary care physicians' perspectives using a mixed-methods approach in a survey study in Tokyo.

    Inoue M, Kachi Y

    International journal for equity in health   16 ( 1 ) 38  2017年02月  [査読有り]

    DOI PubMed

  • 経済的理由による受診抑制に関する医師の認識と診療上の対応 : 都内一般診療所への郵送調査から

    可知 悠子, 井上 真智子, 川田 智之

    日本プライマリ・ケア連合学会誌 = An official journal of the Japan Primary Care Association   39 ( 4 ) 214 - 218  2016年12月  [査読有り]

    担当区分:筆頭著者

    CiNii

  • Shared decision makingを実践する医師の特徴 : 都内10区2市の診療所内科医に対する郵送調査

    久我 咲子, 可知 悠子, 井上 真智子, 川田 智之

    日本プライマリ・ケア連合学会誌 = An official journal of the Japan Primary Care Association   39 ( 4 ) 209 - 213  2016年12月  [査読有り]

    担当区分:責任著者

    CiNii

  • 健康から考える 非正規雇用の課題と対策(第9回)非正規雇用労働者の健康を守るために : 連載を振り返る

    可知 悠子

    産業衛生学雑誌   58 ( 2 ) 84 - 86  2016年03月  [査読有り]

    CiNii

  • Development of a risk prediction model for incident hypertension in a working-age Japanese male population.

    Toshiaki Otsuka, Yuko Kachi, Hirotaka Takada, Katsuhito Kato, Eitaro Kodani, Chikao Ibuki, Yoshiki Kusama, Tomoyuki Kawada

    Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension   38 ( 6 ) 419 - 25  2015年06月  [査読有り]  [国際誌]

     概要を見る

    The aim of this study was to develop a risk prediction model for incident hypertension in a Japanese male population. Study participants included 15,025 nonhypertensive Japanese male workers (mean age, 38.8±8.9 years) who underwent an annual medical checkup at a company. The participants were followed-up for a median of 4.0 years to determine new-onset hypertension, defined as a systolic blood pressure (BP) ⩾140 mm Hg, a diastolic BP ⩾90 mm Hg, or the initiation of antihypertensive medication. Participants were divided into the following two cohorts for subsequent analyses: the derivation cohort (n=12,020, 80% of the study population) and the validation cohort (n=3005, the remaining 20% of the study population). In the derivation cohort, a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model demonstrated that age, body mass index, systolic and diastolic BP, current smoking status, excessive alcohol intake and parental history of hypertension were independent predictors of incident hypertension. Using these variables, a risk prediction model was constructed to estimate the 4-year risk of incident hypertension. In the validation cohort, the risk prediction model demonstrated high discrimination ability and acceptable calibration, with a C-statistic of 0.861 (95% confidence interval 0.844, 0.877) and a modified Hosmer-Lemeshow χ2 statistic of 15.2 (P=0.085). A risk score sheet was constructed to enable the simple calculation of the approximate 4-year probability of incident hypertension. In conclusion, a practical risk prediction model for incident hypertension was successfully developed in a working-age Japanese male population.

    DOI PubMed

  • Development of a risk prediction model for incident hypertension in a working-age Japanese male population.

    Otsuka T, Kachi Y, Takada H, Kato K, Kodani E, Ibuki C, Kusama Y, Kawada T

    Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension   38 ( 6 ) 445 - 445  2015年06月  [査読有り]

    DOI PubMed

  • 健康から考える 非正規雇用の課題と対策(第2回) 非正規雇用に関連する法制度の動向 労働契約法

    可知 悠子

    産業衛生学雑誌   57 ( 1 ) 26 - 28  2015年01月  [査読有り]

    CiNii

  • Socioeconomic Status and Overweight: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study of Japanese Children and Adolescents.

    Kachi Y, Otsuka T, Kawada T

    Journal of epidemiology / Japan Epidemiological Association   25 ( 7 ) 463 - 469  2015年  [査読有り]

    担当区分:筆頭著者, 責任著者

    DOI PubMed

  • Predictive value of asymmetric dimethylarginine and C-reactive protein for the risk of developing metabolic syndrome in middle-aged men

    Toshiaki Otsuka, Yasuhiro Nishiyama, Yuko Kachi, Katsuhito Kato, Hirofumi Inagaki, Tomoyuki Kawada

    IJC Metabolic and Endocrine   5   42 - 47  2014年11月  [査読有り]

     概要を見る

    Background: We aimed to examine whether serum levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, and C-reactive protein (CRP) are associated with the risk of developing metabolic syndrome in middle-aged men. Methods: In this longitudinal study, serum ADMA and CRP levels were measured in Japanese men without metabolic syndrome, which was diagnosed according to the currently accepted unified criteria. The subjects were followed-up for a maximum of four years to determine new-onset metabolic syndrome. A Cox proportional hazards model with adjusting for potential confounders was applied to determine the hazard ratio (HR) for developing metabolic syndrome according to serum levels of ADMA and CRP, considered either alone or in combination. Results: Of the 848 subjects (mean age, 43. ±. 6. years), 100 subjects developed metabolic syndrome. High ADMA levels (≥. 0.45. μmol/L) alone did not show a significant HR for developing metabolic syndrome, while high CRP levels (≥. 0.3. mg/L) did (HR 1.75, 95% CI 1.12-2.74). The combination of high levels of both CRP and ADMA had a high HR (2.09, 95% CI 1.12-3.76) as compared to low levels of both markers. In contrast, the HR was not significant in the combination of high CRP and low ADMA levels, as well as low CRP and high ADMA levels. Conclusions: Serum CRP, but not ADMA, levels were associated with the risk of metabolic syndrome. Nevertheless, the risk of metabolic syndrome could be predicted more reliably by considering these two markers together rather than CRP alone.

    DOI

  • 健康から考える 非正規雇用の課題と対策(第1回) 非正規雇用をめぐる健康課題 連載にあたって

    福田 吉治, 可知 悠子, 安藤 絵美子

    産業衛生学雑誌   56 ( 6 ) 286 - 288  2014年11月  [査読有り]

    CiNii

  • Precarious employment and the risk of serious psychological distress: a population-based cohort study in Japan.

    Kachi Y, Otsuka T, Kawada T

    Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health   40 ( 5 ) 465 - 472  2014年09月  [査読有り]

    担当区分:筆頭著者, 責任著者

    DOI PubMed

  • Serum cystatin C, creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate, and the risk of incident hypertension in middle-aged men.

    Otsuka T, Kato K, Kachi Y, Ibuki C, Seino Y, Kodani E, Kawada T

    American journal of hypertension   27 ( 4 ) 596 - 602  2014年04月  [査読有り]

    DOI PubMed

  • Differences in self-rated health by employment contract and household structure among Japanese employees: a nationwide cross-sectional study.

    Kachi Y, Inoue M, Nishikitani M, Yano E

    Journal of occupational health   56 ( 5 ) 339 - 346  2014年  [査読有り]

    担当区分:筆頭著者, 責任著者

    DOI PubMed

  • Association of metabolic syndrome with atypical features of depression in Japanese people.

    Takeuchi T, Nakao M, Kachi Y, Yano E

    Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences   67 ( 7 ) 532 - 539  2013年11月  [査読有り]

    DOI PubMed

  • 医学生の社会意識の変容に公衆衛生学の実習が与える効果 実習と講義の前後比較

    赤司 雅子, 可知 悠子, 竹内 武昭, 石黒 彩, 矢野 栄二

    帝京医学雑誌   36 ( 2 ) 75 - 85  2013年03月  [査読有り]

  • Determinants of changes in income-related health inequalities among working-age adults in Japan, 1986-2007: time-trend study.

    Kachi Y, Inoue M, Nishikitani M, Tsurugano S, Yano E

    Social science & medicine (1982)   81   94 - 101  2013年03月  [査読有り]

    担当区分:筆頭著者, 責任著者

    DOI PubMed

  • Association of sleep duration with untreated diabetes in Japanese men.

    Kachi Y, Ohwaki K, Yano E

    Sleep medicine   13 ( 3 ) 307 - 309  2012年03月  [査読有り]

    担当区分:筆頭著者, 責任著者

    DOI PubMed

  • 帝京大学医学部における学生による授業評価の特徴 授業の評価と改善に向けて

    可知 悠子, 山岡 和枝, 高木 晴良, 矢野 栄二

    帝京医学雑誌   35 ( 1 ) 25 - 35  2012年01月  [査読有り]

    担当区分:筆頭著者, 責任著者

     概要を見る

    目的:本研究は、帝京大学医学部で授業改善を目的として実施された授業評価について、回答における項目間の関連構造とその特徴を明らかにし、今後の授業評価のより良い活用法を提案することを目的とする。方法:2009、2010年度の46科目の講義で実施された授業評価アンケート(自己評価に関する2項目、教員評価に関する10項目の計12項目)の個票データを分析に用いた。特に教員評価項目に焦点を当て、項目群の構造の特徴を明らかにするために数量化III類などによる分析を行った。教員評価項目の平均を総合評価得点とし、これの関連要因を検討するために重回帰分析を行った。結果:回収されたアンケートのうち、欠損値のない69,941枚を分析対象とした。教員評価項目は相互に内容の意味が近い一次元構造を持つことが示されたが、「私語などの注意」や「開始終了時間」に関する項目のみ他との特性が異なることが示された。この2項目を除いて総合評価得点を求め、関連要因を分析したところ、学年が上がるほど総合評価得点が高くなることが示された。また、助教による講義への総合評価得点が他の役職によるものと比較して低い傾向が示された。結論:教員評価に関する項目のうち、2項目は他との特性が異なるため、別の取り扱いが必要と考えられた。また、授業評価には学年や教員の役職が関連するため、同学年、同役職内での評価の比較が必要と考えられた。(著者抄録)

  • Relationship between dietary factors and prostate-specific antigen in healthy men.

    Ohwaki K, Endo F, Kachi Y, Hattori K, Muraishi O, Nishikitani M, Yano E

    Urologia internationalis   89 ( 3 ) 270 - 274  2012年  [査読有り]

    DOI PubMed

  • Association between insomnia symptoms and hemoglobin A1c level in Japanese men.

    Kachi Y, Nakao M, Takeuchi T, Yano E

    PloS one   6 ( 7 ) e21420  2011年  [査読有り]

    担当区分:筆頭著者, 責任著者

    DOI PubMed

  • Associations between contractual status, part-time work, and intent to leave among professional caregivers for older people: results of a national cross-sectional survey in Japan.

    Kachi Y, Inoue K, Toyokawa S

    International journal of nursing studies   47 ( 8 ) 1028 - 1036  2010年08月  [査読有り]

    担当区分:筆頭著者, 責任著者

    DOI PubMed

  • Latent structure of dieting among female high-school students in Japan

    Yuko Kachi

    Personality and Individual Differences   48 ( 1 ) 11 - 15  2010年  [査読有り]

    DOI

  • 都市部女子中高生の食育課題の検討 : 食意識・食行動・食環境,食事調査分析結果

    渡辺 満利子, 横塚 昌子, 平塚 信子, 荒井 祐子, 鈴木 てるみ, 玉井 頌子, 藤田 有之, 金田 麻美, 可知 悠子, 安達 美佐, 塩原 明世

    學苑   806   1 - 8  2007年12月  [査読有り]

     概要を見る

    OBJECTIVE: In this study we investigated dietary consciousness, dietary behavior, dietary environment and dietary intake in Japanese urban schoolgirls and their mothers, and examined some useful indicators for their dietary education. METHODS: The survey was conducted during Sept 2005. Participants: The subjects were 262 junior high school girls (age 12-13yrs) and 240 mothers, 145 senior high school girls (age 15-16yrs) and 90 mothers, total subjects were 737. OUTCOME: 1. The questionnaire asked about their weight perception, eating behavior, environment, habits, and health condition in 76 questions. 2. Energy intake was assessed by 2 day dietary record method. 3. Age, height and body weight were measured by a teacher. Those with a tendency towards obesity were ≧120, and those underweight were ≦80%, based on the baseline degree of obesity by the Ministry of Education. A TANITA scale was used and BMI was calculated based on the degree of obesity in the Japanese Obesity Association. RESULTS: 1. Significant correlation coefficients were obtained between the body type classification and the degree of obesity, (junior high school girls: p&lt;0.001, senior high school girls: p&lt;0.001). Many schoolgirls perceived themselves overweight notwithstanding that weights were at an appropriate level. 2. Significant correlation coefficients were obtained between the self-rated energy intakes and the degree of obesity, (junior high school girls: p&lt;0.001, senior high school girls: p&lt;0.01). 3. Energy intakes by 2day dietary record method were not enough compared to their EER (estimated energy requirement), junior high school girls: 1685±410kcal, senior high school girls: 1670±433kcal. Micronutrient intake of Ca, Fe, VC and dietary fiber were less than DG (tentative dietary goal), but the ratio of fat energy was over the UL (tolerable upper intake level), junior high school girls: 32.5%, senior high school girls: 34.6%. 4. Energy intake of the mothers significantly correlated with that of their children in evening meals (breakfast: r=0.23, lunch: r=0.21, evening: r=0.35, total intake: r=0.25). 5. Correlation of between-item by Theory of quantification III showed 2 patterns. One correlated to the healthy dietary behavior, perception and environment, the other one had contradictory pattern that correlated to &quot;overeat&quot;, &quot;overweight&quot; and &quot;dieting practice&quot; (η^2=0.13). DISCUSSION: In this study we describe probable associations which may provide an understanding of some aspects of nutrition education for Japanese urban schoolgirls.

    CiNii

  • 摂食障害患者におけるアレキシサイミアの特徴

    可知 悠子, 前田 基成, 笹井 惠子, 後藤 直子, 守口 善也, 庄子 雅保, 廣山 夏生, 瀧井 正人, 石川 俊男, 小牧 元

    心身医学   46 ( 3 ) 215 - 222  2006年03月  [査読有り]

    担当区分:筆頭著者

     概要を見る

    本研究の目的は,摂食障害とアレキシサイミア傾向の関連を,健康な対照群との比較から検討することである.68名の摂食障害女性患者[神経性食欲不振症制限型(AN-R)28名,神経性食欲不振症むちゃ食い/排出型(AN-BP)25名,および神経性過食症排出型(BN-P)15名]と236名の女子学生を対象に,日本語版Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20(TAS-20)ならびに日本語版Eating Attitude Test-26(EAT-26)を用いて自己記入式質問紙による調査を施行した.その結果,摂食障害患者においては病型に関係なくアレキシサイミア傾向が強いことが明らかになった.また,TAS-20の下位尺度である&quot;感情の同定困難&quot;と摂食障害の症状の重症度との間に関連が認められた.以上により,摂食障害患者の治療においては,アレキシサイミアを考慮したアプローチが重要あることが示唆された(著者抄録)

    DOI

  • 全国8府県における養護教諭意識アンケート調査 10代の若者における摂食障害発症の危険性,その早期発見と対策のための

    小牧 元, 可知 悠子

    心身医学   45 ( 9 ) 707 - 718  2005年09月  [査読有り]

     概要を見る

    摂食障害の予防,早期発見,治療のシステム確立が望まれている.今回,全国8府県の全中学校,高等学校(2,252校)の養護教諭に対してアンケート調査を行った(全体回収率:54.7%).質問内容は主に学校保健現場で観察される生徒の食行動などの特徴,摂食障害に関連する生徒の現状・動向,医療機関との連携上の問題点などである.その結果,中学,高校ともに不適切な食生活・行動の生徒数の増加,摂食障害と思われる事例数の増加,また紹介医療機関の不足,医-教育の連携不足による問題点などが明らかになった.この調査結果は,わが国の学校保健現場からみた中学,高校生の摂食障害の現況,その早期発見,また対策の確立のための有益な資料となった(著者抄録)

    DOI

▼全件表示

書籍等出版物

▼全件表示

共同研究・競争的資金等の研究課題

  • 子どもの健康格差の解明

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業

    研究期間:

    2022年06月
    -
    2027年03月
     

    可知 悠子, 加藤 承彦, 山岡 祐衣, 酒井 厚, 藤原 武男

     概要を見る

    本研究の長期的な目的は、子どもの貧困と健康との関連について、①貧困と子どもの健康をつなぐ「経路」、②子どもの健康問題から派生する不利、③家族の健康問題から派生する不利の三つの観点から分析を行い、知見を集積していくことである。子どもの成長や地域の違いなどを時間・空間の要素を考慮し、立体的にメカニズムを理解することが、効果が高い介入を実施する上で必要である。
    子どもの貧困と健康との関連を分析するにあたって、すでに様々な自治体で実施されており、東京都立大学子ども・若者貧困研究センターにて集積および管理されている「子どもの生活実態調査」やデータベース構築班が実施している調査、また政府等統計などのデータを用いる。また、ヤングケアラーなど比較的新しい問題に関しては、既存の調査には詳細な情報が含まれていないため、独自の聞き取り調査を実施し、子どもの貧困との関連を明らかにする。
    現在、「子どもの生活実態調査」データを用いて4つの分析が進んでおり、そのうち2つは投稿中である。東京都と広島県のデータを用いた学校生活と子どもの抑うつ状況との関連に関する論文原稿が『厚生の指標』に受理され、掲載待ちとなっている。また、研究分担者の藤原を中心に、東京都足立区や高知県で実施された「子どもの生活実態調査」データの分析を進めている。本年度、班会議を二回実施し、現在進行中の分析の内容について議論した。また、調査担当者より東京都の児童生徒を対象に実施している新しい調査の内容についても説明を受けた。

  • マタニティハラスメントが退職と母子の健康に及ぼす影響:雇用形態の違いに着目して

    科学研究費補助金  若手研究

    研究期間:

    2018年
    -
    2020年
     

    可知悠子

     概要を見る

    マタニティハラスメントとは、女性労働者に対する妊娠・出産・子育てを理由とした嫌がらせや不利益な取り扱いのことである。多くの先進国で違法とされているにも関わらず後を絶たない。そこで本研究では就労妊婦を対象にマタニティハラスメントと抑うつ症状との関連を検討した。その結果、4人に1人の就労妊婦がマタハラを経験しており、経験していない者に比べて、抑うつの頻度が2.5倍高かった。約半数の就労妊婦は、雇用主が法に基づいてマタハラ対策を行っているかどうかを知らなかった。感染対策としてのテレワークが、マタハラと抑うつとの関連を緩衝する効果は認められなかった。

  • 非正規雇用の健康影響に関する国際比較研究

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業

    研究期間:

    2015年04月
    -
    2019年03月
     

    可知 悠子, 川田 智之, 高橋 美保

     概要を見る

    日本・欧米の文献または分析データの比較から、国の社会・文化・制度的背景の違いが非正規雇用の構成要素である非正規雇用とメンタルヘルスとの関連にどのように影響するかを検証した。その結果、各国の労働市場における男女格差が非正規雇用の構成要素である雇用不安とメンタルヘルスの関連に影響することが示唆された。すなわち、日本のように性別役割分担意識が強く、男女格差が大きい国では、男性は雇用が不安定になるとメンタルヘルスが悪くなり、女性は逆に雇用が安定するとメンタルヘルスが悪くなることが明らかとなった。わが国における非正規雇用への社会政策に求められる要件の一つは「男女格差の解消」であると考えられる。

  • 非正規雇用の増加は健康と医療の格差を拡大したのか―20年間の経時的分析から

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業

    研究期間:

    2012年04月
    -
    2015年03月
     

    可知 悠子

     概要を見る

    非正規雇用の健康問題に対する効果的な政策を考えるために、非正規雇用の健康影響に関するエビデンスを構築する必要がある。第1に、非正規雇用の健康影響を検討するために、全国規模の公的データを用いた4年間のコホート研究を実施した。その結果、男性非正規雇用者は男性正規雇用者と比べ、約2倍うつ・不安障害の発症リスクが高いことが明らかとなった。第2に、過去20年間に非正規雇用の増加が健康格差の増減に影響を与えたかどうかを検討するために、全国規模の公的データを用いた反復横断研究を実施した。その結果、非正規雇用の増加は健康格差の増減にほとんど影響を及ぼさなかったことが明らかとなった。

  • 低所得者への医療供給体制のあり方に関する研究―受診抑制と治療中断の改善に向けて

    医療経済研究機構  研究助成

    研究期間:

    2013年
    -
     
     

    可知悠子

  • 睡眠時間と不眠が生活習慣病の発症に及ぼす影響に関する大規模コホート

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業

    研究期間:

    2010年
    -
    2011年
     

    可知 悠子

     概要を見る

    近年、日本人の睡眠時間は短縮傾向にあり、成人の5人に1人が何らかの睡眠障害を抱えていると言われている。海外では短時間睡眠や不眠が生活習慣病の発症に影響を与える可能性があると報告されているが、日本での報告はほとんどない。そこで、我々は日本人を対象に研究を行ってみたところ、短時間睡眠と不眠が生活習慣病の中でも糖尿病の発症に影響を与えることが示唆された。したがって、糖尿病を予防するために、適切な睡眠を確保することが必要と考えられる。

  • 融合領域としての子どもの貧困研究

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業

    研究期間:

    2022年06月
    -
    2027年03月
     

    阿部 彩, 可知 悠子, 山本 直子, 松本 伊智朗, 大石 亜希子, 末冨 芳

  • 子育て期の父親における、仕事と家事・育児の両立のあり方に関する包括的な研究

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業

    研究期間:

    2021年04月
    -
    2024年03月
     

    竹原 健二, 加藤 承彦, 須藤 茉衣子, 可知 悠子

     概要を見る

    父親の育児参加の促進が、少子化対策や男女共同参画社会の実現、母親の産後うつの予防
    など、様々な社会的・母子保健的な課題を改善する、と強く期待されている一方で、「父親の育休は父親の育児参加に効果がある」と誘導的に解釈されることもあり、結論ありきの議論が展開されつつある。本研究では子育て期の父親における、仕事と家事・育児の両立の実現や、Well-beingの向上につながる働き方、暮らし方について明らかにし、社会に情報を発信することを目指している。
    令和3年度は、本研究で計画していた取り組みのうち、①後ろ向きコホート研究による父親の育休取得の中・長期的な影響の評価に関する実施と、②育休取得の効果に関する系統的レビューの文献の検索をおこなった。①の調査では、Web調査会社インテージのモニター会員のうち、末子が未就学児で20-79歳の男性を対象にスクリーニングをおこない、育休取得群と非取得群で5575人分のデータの収集をおこなった。調査項目は、QOL、メンタルヘルス、Presenteeism(労働生産性)などとした。
    育休取得の効果に関する系統的レビューは、文献検索の専門家の支援を受け、MEDLINE、EMBASE、Cochrane、CINAHL、PsycINFO、SSCIの6つのデータベースに含まれる英語論文を検索し、最終的に5820件の文献がヒットした。そのうち、Abstractに日本/Japanが含まれている論文は64件であった。これらの研究を進めることにより、令和4年4月から段階的に施行される「男性育休義務化」についての議論の土台となる資料の提示に努める。

  • 職場における心理社会的安全風土が労働者の健康に及ぼす影響に関するコホート研究

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業

    研究期間:

    2020年04月
    -
    2024年03月
     

    井上 彰臣, 堤 明純, 可知 悠子, 江口 尚

     概要を見る

    本研究は,海外で用いられている「心理社会的安全風土」(psychosocial safety climate:PSC)の評価尺度(PSC-12)を邦訳し,その信頼性・妥当性を検討するとともに,邦訳したPSC-12日本語版を用い,PSCが労働者の心身の健康(精神的健康および冠動脈疾患の危険因子となる各種生理指標)に及ぼす影響を明らかにすることを目的としている。3年計画の2年目である今年度は,昨年度に実施したインターネット調査のデータ(労働者2,200名分の回答データ)を使用し,項目反応理論(item response theory:IRT)分析によってPSC-12日本語版の構造的妥当性を検討するとともに,PSCと心理的ストレス反応との関連に対する仕事の要求度(仕事の量的負担)および仕事の資源(仕事のコントロール,職場の社会的支援,外在的報酬)の媒介効果を検討した。
    IRT分析の結果,PSC-12日本語版の項目は,いずれも十分な識別力と適切な困難度を有し,良好な構造的妥当性を有することが示されたため,昨年度に実施した分析結果も合わせて,PSC-12日本語版の信頼性・妥当性について国際英文誌に公表した。また,PSCと心理的ストレス反応との関連に対する仕事の要求度および仕事の資源の媒介効果の検討では,仕事の量的負担と外在的報酬の有意な媒介効果が示され,PSCの背景となっている理論モデル(拡張版「仕事の要求度-資源モデル」)の一部が支持された。

  • 非典型時間帯就労が労働者と子どものアウトカムに及ぼす影響に関する研究

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業

    研究期間:

    2020年04月
    -
    2024年03月
     

    大石 亜希子, 西村 智, 野崎 祐子, 長谷部 拓也, 可知 悠子

     概要を見る

    本研究では、「時間帯」という観点から人々が非典型時間帯に働く背景を解明し、労働者や家族の健康やアウトカムに及ぼす影響を検討することを目的としている。具体的には、公的統計調査の個票を用いて①非典型時間帯就労の動向とその背景を解明し、②非典型時間帯就労が労働者のメンタルヘルスや生活満足度等に及ぼす影響を把握するとともに、③親の非典型時間帯就労が子供のアウトカムに及ぼす影響を分析する。
    2021年度の実績は以下の通りである。
    まず、①については、「社会生活基本調査」の個票を用いて1996年から2016年までの非典型時間帯就労の実態把握と変化について平日と土曜日・日曜日に分けて分析を行った。研究開始時点での予想とは異なり、非典型時間帯就労が一方的に増加するといったトレンドは観察されないが、この背景をさらに追究中である。
    ②については、労働政策研究・研修機構の実施した「職業と生活に関する調査」を用いて非典型時間帯就労(NSWS)と労働者のメンタルヘルスやワーク・ライフ・コンフリクトとの関係について分析し、日中勤務から引き続いて非典型時間帯に就労する場合や、週末勤務をする場合とで、影響が異なることを指摘した。
    ③については、「社会生活基本調査」を用いて父親の非典型時間帯就労と育児時間の関係について分析する一方、「21世紀出生児縦断調査」を用いて父親・母親それぞれの非典型時間帯就労と本人のメンタルヘルスや子どものメンタルヘルスの関係を検討し、母親の非典型時間帯就労が高校生の子どものメンタルヘルスを悪化させている(ただし影響度は小さい)ことを把握した。

  • 理論に基づく健康アウトカムに鋭敏な日本社会における社会階層の測定法と分析法の探索

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業

    研究期間:

    2018年06月
    -
    2023年03月
     

    堤 明純, 神林 博史, 小塩 隆士, 本庄 かおり, 可知 悠子

     概要を見る

    健康格差の解消を念頭に置き、わが国の健康格差研究を進めるための社会階層に関する指標および指標の統合と分析方法について、医学、社会学、経済学、ジェンダー論を背景に持つ学際的な研究グループで多角的な検証を行った。計9回の研究会と、研究班がアクセス可能なデータベースでの実証的な分析を行った。当該研究の第一人者を招聘したシンポジウムと教育講演を主催し、関連書籍の刊行にも貢献して、健康の社会格差研究の必要性と課題の共有に努めた。本研究で培われた研究者間のネットワークは、いくつかの関連テーマでの大型研究につながった。健康格差を検討するための労働者のデータベースを整備し、将来的なオープン化の準備をしている。

  • 「貧困学」のフロンティアを構築する研究

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業

    研究期間:

    2017年04月
    -
    2022年03月
     

    阿部 彩, 可知 悠子, 末冨 芳, 村山 伸子, 安藤 藍, 小田川 華子

     概要を見る

    本研究では、自治体が行った子どもの生活実態調査などを異なる学術分野の研究者らによって共同にて分析をし、子どもの貧困に関して健康、労働、教育といったさまざまな角度からの知見を得ることができた。またその作業の結果、多様な分野の研究者が共同で貧困を分析することができる協働関係が構築され、子どもの貧困調査研究コンソーシアムといった組織および次に続く研究プロジェクトの開拓に繋がった。また、これら研究成果を、32回の公開研究会、ホームページ(述べアクセス数18万回)及び一般市民や議員、マスコミ、行政職員向けの講演会、研修などの場にて還元した。

  • わが国における父親の子育て支援を推進するための科学的根拠の提示と 支援プログラムの提案に関する研究

    厚生労働科学研究補助金 

    研究期間:

    2020年04月
    -
    2022年03月
     

    竹原健二

  • 新型コロナウイルス感染症流行下における子ども食堂の運営実態の把握とその効果の検証のための研究

    厚生労働科学特別研究事業 

    研究期間:

    2020年10月
    -
    2021年03月
     

    新保幸男

  • 精神障害、発達障害を有する労働者の就労継続の要因の解明:就労継続コホートの構築

    ファイザーヘルスリサーチ振興財団  第27回(2018年度)国内研究助成

    研究期間:

    2018年12月
    -
    2019年11月
     

    江口 尚, 井上 彰臣, 可知 悠子, 渡辺 和広

  • 非正規雇用により生じる社会経済格差が家族の健康に及ぼす影響

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業

    研究期間:

    2011年04月
    -
    2015年03月
     

    錦谷 まりこ, 矢野 栄二, 中尾 睦宏, 鶴ヶ野 しのぶ, 井上 まり子, 可知 悠子

     概要を見る

    健康へ影響する社会経済因子は集団や家庭で共有されているため、個人の健康障害要因はその所属組織・家族メンバーに強く影響すると考えられる。本研究では、非正規雇用の労働環境と健康管理の問題が波及する集団全体への健康影響や、同居家族との関係を明らかにすることを目的として行った。研究期間中に、非正規雇用の増加する社会における継時的健康悪化の実態、非正規雇用者の健康診断を中心とする不十分な健康管理、非正規雇用の多い日本の女性就労者の健康状況、経済格差要因・世帯構造と健康に関する論文を報告した。女性の非正規雇用における健康問題と家族個人と非正規雇用の関連性に関する成果は学会で報告することができた。

▼全件表示

 

現在担当している科目

▼全件表示

 

社会貢献活動

  • 健康管理研究協議会 (常任幹事)

    2015年04月
    -
    2023年03月

  • NPO法人メンタルケア協議会(心理相談)

    2011年04月
    -
    2015年08月

学術貢献活動

  • 日本公衆衛生学会モニタリング・レポート委員会 親子保健・学校保健グループ 委員

    学会・研究会等

    2022年05月
    -
    継続中
  • 日本産業衛生学会 生涯教育委員会 若手研究者の会 代表世話人

    学会・研究会等

    2021年05月
    -
    2022年06月
  • 日本産業衛生学会 生涯教育委員会 若手研究者の会 世話人

    学会・研究会等

    2019年05月
    -
    2021年04月
  • 第36回日本ストレス学会 事務局長

    大会・シンポジウム等

    2019年04月
    -
    2021年03月
  • 日本疫学会 疫学の未来を語る若手の会 世話人

    学会・研究会等

    2018年04月
    -
    2021年03月
  • 日本公衆衛生学会モニタリング・レポート委員会 非正規雇用ワーキンググループ メンバー

    学術調査

    2012年
    -
    2014年
  • 第20回日本産業精神保健学会 実行委員

    大会・シンポジウム等

    2013年08月
     
     

▼全件表示

他学部・他研究科等兼任情報

  • 人間科学学術院   大学院人間科学研究科