本研究は，組織キャンプがどのように子どもの心の成長に貢献するのかを検討した。組織キャンプの専門家と不適応児のキャンプを実践する臨床心理学者とが共同して，キャンプの成長促進的な特徴を整理し，まとめた。現代において都市化された社会に生きる子どもたちには，人間が自然環境の危険を感知して反応するメカニズムを解発する経験が乏しい。自然の中での共同生活は，それを促進し，日常生活のしがらみから解放され，没入し，「自分を出せる」体験をもたらす。信頼関係の形成を踏まえて「自分を出せる」経験をし，他者と本気でぶつかり合うという成長プロセスは重要である。そのためにキャンプは，社会適応のための有用性の概念から自由である必要がある。スタッフもまた，最大限自分を出し切る中で成長できる。組織キャンプとグループセラピーは本質的な部分を共有しており，今後子どもの成長に新たな視点をもたらすことが期待される。 This study examined how organizational camp contributes to children’s psychological growth. An expert in organized camps and clinical psychologists who practice camps for maladjusted children collaborated to identify and discuss the growth-promoting features of camp. Children living in today’s urbanized society lack the experience to release the built-in mechanism by which humans perceive and cope with danger in natural environment. This is facilitated through living together in nature, free from the constraints of everyday life and absorbed in the camp program. It also provides an “emerging oneself ” experience. The growth process is crucial, where children, based on forming trustful relationships including clashes with others, experience “oneself emerging.” For this reason, camp needs to be free from the concept of usefulness for social adjustment. Staff members can also grow in being themselves to the fullest extent. Organizational camp and group therapy share the same essential foundations and are expected to bring a new perspective to children’s growth.

本研究では，仲間希求があるにもかかわらず学校で孤立し，孤独を抱えている思春期の子どもへのグ ループセラピーの有効性を検討した。思春期グループセラピーの仲間関係発達促進モデルの意義を述べ， 仲間関係発達を促進する上でのパラメーター（枠組み，活動，グループ発達段階，セラピストの基本的 技法）を整理し，外来機関でのグループセラピーのデザインを試みた。適切にデザインされたグループ セラピーの適用は，思春期の子どもに居場所を提供し，孤独感の低減と仲間関係の改善をもたらすこと が期待される。ここでデザインされたグループにおける仲間関係の具体的な発達過程について，孤独を かかえた子どもがどのように展開を見せるのかを検討することが今後の課題である。
In this study, the authors examined the usefulness of group therapy as a method to help adolescents who feel loneliness by being isolated from peer relationship in their schools even though they long for friends. First, the significance of the model of peer-oriented group therapy to promote adolescents’ development was reviewed and discussed. Second, the parameters of group therapy for that purpose were discussed that were essential to develop peer-relationships, such as group structure, activities to be introduced in group, phases of group development, and group therapist’s basic techniques. Third, an outpatient group therapy was proposed that was designed to help those adolescents who are isolated in school. It is expected an adequately prepared program helps adolescents to feel comfortable with peers, to reduce loneliness, and to improve peer relationships. It should be examined how isolated adolescents develop their peer relationship in a group that is designed here.

摂食障害は神経性無食欲症と神経性大食症からなる疾患であり，心理的問題の一つとして，対人関係の困難さがあることが知られている。対人関係の問題を持つ患者への治療法としてグループセラピーは有効であるが（Yalom, 1995），本邦においては摂食障害に対する集団治療（集団療法や入院治療）の実践，研究ともに未だ報告が少なく，摂食障害者独自の対人関係力動については検討の余地がある。そこで本研究では，摂食障害の対人関係の問題を整理し，集団治療の可能性を検討した。その結果，摂食障害者の対人関係上における特徴と集団治療における治療阻害要因の関連が示唆された。
Eating disorders are composed of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. It is thought that difficulty of interpersonal relationship is one of the psychological problems of this disease. Group therapy is effective for patients who have problems with interpersonal relationships (Yalom, 1995). However, there are few reports on the practice of group treatment (e.g. group therapy and inpatient care) for eating disorders in Japan. There is room for the examination of the original psychodynamics of interpersonal relationships. Therefore, in this study, we reviewed problems of interpersonal relationships and examined the possibilities of group treatment. The results, suggest that this characteristic of interpersonal relationships with eating disorders is related to the obstructive factor of group treatment in eating disorders.

和文要旨：活動集団療法においては，発達障害や対人関係上のトラブルといった問題視されることが少ない「普通の」子どもであっても，グループでの遊びを通して自身の課題やなんらかの困難さが浮き彫りとなり，内面を掘り下げることが可能になる。それは問題解決や心理教育を目的としたグループでは見られない，活動集団療法独自の意義であると考える。筆者らが取り組んでいる活動集団療法における，あるメンバーの変化過程を通して，活動集団療法の可能性を考察した。一見普通に見える子どもであっても，感情のコントロールや，「甘え」のあり様においては，彼らなりの苦しみがありうるのであり，そうした子どもたちへの介入の方針を考察した。
This study aims to reveal the possibility of Activity Group Therapy which we have conducted by considering the psychological changes that were observed in one of the members. In Activity Group Therapy, some children considered to be “psychologically normal” reveal their psychological problems and work on their inner growth through playing in the group. This seems a unique feature of the Activity Group Therapy, not seen in the group that are “problem solving oriented group” or “psychological education oriented group”. Thus, in this paper, children’s psychological development can be promoted by “Amae (an attempting of a person to make an authority people, like parents, therapists, teachers or supervisor, take care of him/her) experience” and peer relationship in the group is suggested. Also, in this paper, it is suggested that children who seem to be “psychologically normal” sometimes have serious problems in affect regulation, and it is possible that Activity Group Therapy can offer the opportunity to develop psychologically for “normal” children who have difficulties in their affect regulation.