In Japan, in both Chinese history and legal history academic circles, the fact that Pre-modern China was a litigious society is still not well enough known.This research clearly demonstrates the popularity of litigation in China in the 150s A.D., the development of the accompanying appeal system, and the large amount of litigation cases gathered throughout the country against the Peking central government. In addition, given that for example in the 1870s up to one in sixty families of the Ba(巴) prefecture of the Sichuan Province were involved in litigations every year, the extensive nature of this litigious society is fully revealed.

The aim of this research was to understand the militaries of East and South-East Asia in their social and cultural contexts from the viewpoint of historical anthropology. An important accomplishment of this research is the development of the justifiable analysis of Asian militaries and their social and cultural contexts through fieldwork and the use of primary sources. The results are evident from various publications and reports by the project members.
Our project that discusses the relationship between the military and its local communities has caught the attention of both Japanese and overseas researchers. Also, this project has offered a stimulating opportunity for young researchers interested in similar themes.
An international symposium was held in Misawa, Japan to further communications with researchers outside the country. It should be emphasized that in terms of social contribution, two public lectures at the symposium are especially significant.

This research involved the conducting of case studies with a focus on Wujin and Xinhe Prefectures, which are located in South and North China, respectively, and was principally aimed at collecting and organizing basic data to be used for a comprehensive discussion of the transition and current status of Chinese society on a prefectural basis during the past hundred years. Wujin Prefecture is located in the Yangtze Delta region and has a developed economy and culture, while Xinhe Prefecture is a typical "third-class prefecture" that is located in the North China Plains region ; however, both prefectures are typical of their respective regions. During this four-year study period, five groups were dispatched to Wujin Prefecture, and two groups were dispatched to Xinhe Prefecture, to perform field investigations and the collection of documents.
In Wujin Prefecture, new versions of "The History of Wujin Prefecture" and "The History of Changzhou City," as well as a total of 84 volumes of County/City history and topical history of Wujin Ward were obtained on site. In addition, a new version of "The History of Xinhe Prefecture" was obtained in Xinhe Prefecture. Those documents allowed for a compilation of lists concerning distances from the prefectural capital, directions, locations on maps, clans, geology, products, markets, festivals, temples, schools, and etc., for 68 County/City levels in Wujin Prefecture and for 175 natural village levels in Xinhe Prefecture. In addition, the utilization of these data resulted in a detailed analysis concerning the transition of natural villages and the population movement for a period of more than one century, from 1875 to 1988, for Xinhe Prefecture.
Furthermore, oral investigations conducted in both prefectures focused on the issue of the folk beliefs, for which change is comparatively easier to trace, resulting in the accumulation of detailed records. In particular, the investigation in Wujin Prefecture fully covered four religions, Buddhism, Taoism, Christianity and Islamism, extending its coverage up to Yancheng in Subei, where many Wujin Prefecture priests are from.

We proceeded to collect and categorize statistical data which is indispensable to the analysis of the social dynamics of modem China. Special attentions have been paid this year to disclose the dynamics of population in a county the basic unit of which is a natural village, and to analyze the relation between Zaikabo and the Chinese cotton industry after 1920s.
Professor Mori participated in the International Academic Discussion on the History of Republican China. The Discussion organized by the Institute of Modem History, Chinese Society of Social Science, had been held in Xiao-tang-shan, Changping County from August 20th through 24th. He gave a lecture on the adjustment of production system by Japanese spinning factories at Shanghai in September 1927.
Professor Mori was invited to give a lecture at the institute of History, Nankai University on September 12th. The title of the lecture was "Placing the Textile Industry of Gaoyang County in the History of Cotton Industry in Modem China." He was also invited to give a lecture at the Institute of Economics, Nankai University on September 13th. The title of the lecture was "The Dynamics of Population of Hebei Province in 20th Century."

本研究は清、そしてその制度をほぼそのまま引き継いだ中華民国期における土地と国家の関係を、土地・徴税台帳をもとに考察することが目的であった。従来の研究は主に社会経済的観点からこれらの資料を扱ってきたが、資料自体が如何なるものか、資料間の連関はどうなのかという点は看過されてきたし、国家との関係を示す徴税台帳については全く研究がなされてこなかった。以上の点を踏まえ、各種の土地・徴税台帳がいかなるものであったかを明らかにし、土地・徴税台帳の体系全体のなかでどういう位置を占めていたのか、それぞれの台帳はいかに関係しあっていたかを解明して上記の問題に迫った。
「江南農村社会の土地と徴税」では魚鱗冊を対象とした。魚鱗冊は土地台帳として広く知られるものであるが、それは単に測量データを転記したものではなく、官民を問わず土地に関わる人々らが「創り出した」ものであることを明らかにした。
「清代の賦役全書」は徴税の公的数字を決定する賦役全書の土地税額の算出法について論じたものである。税額は測量に基づくものであったが、実際には前王朝の明の賦役全書をそっくり踏襲したに過ぎない。実際の数字がどうあれ、公的帳簿の数字こそ「真実」であり、それを用いることで徴税の正当性が確保されたことを示した。
「実徴冊と徴税」では、徴税の際に実際に用いられていた実徴冊なるものが如何なるものか、そして如何作成され、活用されたかを明らかにした。また実徴冊が土地秩序に与える影響について考察した。
「呉県・太湖庁の経造」では、清代から民国期にいたる徴税請負人の実態およびその変遷を明らかにした。