Updated on 2024/04/19

写真a

 
OIKAWA, Masato
 
Affiliation
Affiliated organization, Waseda Institute for Advanced Study
Job title
Assistant Professor(non-tenure-track)
Degree
BA (Economics) ( 2013.03 Yokohama National University )
MA (Economics) ( 2015.03 The University of Tokyo )
Ph.D. (Economics) ( 2019.03 The University of Tokyo )
Homepage URL
https://sites.google.com/site/moikawaecon/

Research Experience

  • 2023.04
    -
    Now

    Waseda University   Center for Data Science   Concurrent member

  • 2023.04
    -
    Now

    Waseda University   Waseda Institute for Advanced Study   Assistant Professor (non-tenure-track)

  • 2021.04
    -
    Now

    Waseda Institute of Social and Human Capital Studies (WISH)   Researcher

  • 2021.04
    -
    2023.03

    Waseda University   Institute for Advanced Studies in Education   Researcher

  • 2021.04
    -
    2023.03

    Waseda University   Faculty of Education and Integrated Arts and Sciences   Assistant Professor(non-tenure-track)

  • 2019.04
    -
    2021.03

    Waseda Institute of Social and Human Capital Studies (WISH)   Collaborators

  • 2019.04
    -
    2021.03

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science   Postdoctoral Research Fellow

  • 2017.04
    -
    2019.03

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science   Research Fellow (DC2)

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Education Background

  • 2015.04
    -
    2019.03

    The University of Tokyo   Graduate School of Economics   Doctoral program  

  • 2013.04
    -
    2015.03

    The University of Tokyo   Graduate School of Economics   Master’s program  

  • 2009.04
    -
    2013.03

    Yokohama National University   Department of Economics   Division of International Economics  

Professional Memberships

  • 　
    　
    　

    Japan Health Economics Association

  • 　
    　
    　

    Applied Regional Science Conference

  • 　
    　
    　

    Econometric Society

  • 　
    　
    　

    Japanese Economic Association

  • 　
    　
    　

    American Economic Association

Research Areas

  • Public economics and labor economics / Economic policy

Research Interests

  • Health Economics

  • Economics of Education

  • Applied Microeconometrics

Awards

  • 12th Applied Econometrics Conference Excellent paper award

    2017.11  

    Winner： joint with Yoshinori Nishimura

  • 30th Hongyo Prize

    2013.03  

 

Papers

  • The role of education in health policy reform outcomes: evidence from Japan

    Masato Oikawa

    The European Journal of Health Economics   25 ( 1 ) 49 - 76  2024.02  [Refereed]

    　View Summary

    Abstract

    This study analyzes the role of education in the outcomes of the reform of the Japanese annual health checkup program. In April 2008, the annual checkup was redesigned to address concerns about metabolic syndrome. As the checkup is mandatory only for salaried workers, their participation rate is significantly higher than other workers; thus, they were most affected by the reform. Using institutional information, a difference-in-differences estimation was conducted with salaried workers as the treatment group and self-employed workers as the control group. We found that the reform caused significant changes in health behaviors and outcomes only among university graduates who were at a relatively high risk of metabolic syndrome. This highly educated group increased their physical activity, brought energy intake close to an ideal level, and achieved significant weight loss and BMI reduction to levels that minimize all-cause mortality among middle-aged Japanese. A secondary analysis implies that the difference in cognitive functioning test scores may be a critical factor in explaining the heterogeneous responses to the reform, suggesting that thoroughly well-articulated recommendations for healthy behaviors are needed in order to improve reform uptake.

    DOI PubMed

    Scopus

    1
    Citation
    (Scopus)

  • A Pandemic Shock and the Change in Allocation of Burdens Among Family Members: Evidence From Elderly Care During the Covid-19 Pandemic in European Countries

    Yoshinori Nishimura, Masato Oikawa

    SSRN Electronic Journal No.4534726    2023.08

    DOI

  • Do health checkup programs affect residents’ health? Evidence from heterogeneous responses across local governments to the revision of national checkup policy in Japan

    Masato Oikawa, Akira Kawamura, Takamasa Yamaguchi, Toshihide Awatani, Haruko Noguchi

    WINPEC Working Paper Series No.E2211    2023.01

  • Do class closures affect students’ achievements? Heterogeneous effects of students’ socioeconomic backgrounds

    Masato Oikawa, Ryuichi Tanaka, Shun-ichiro Bessho, Akira Kawamura, Haruko Noguchi

    IZA Discussion Paper No.15751    2022.11

    　View Summary

    This paper examines how class closures affect the academic achievements of Japanese students in primary and middle schools, with a special focus on the heterogeneous effects of the socioeconomic backgrounds of students' households. Utilizing the administrative data of students from a city in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area, we estimated the effects of class closures due to flu epidemics, on the students' language and math test scores. We find that class closures adversely affect math test scores of economically disadvantaged students. The magnitudes of the negative effects on disadvantaged students are heterogeneous by subject, grade in school, gender, timing of class closures, and students' achievements at the beginning of the school year. Male students from economically disadvantaged households are more susceptible to class closures, and those with relatively low achievements before class closures suffer more seriously from them. The deleterious effects among economically disadvantaged male students are driven not only by reductions in class hours in school, but also by increases in time spent watching TV and playing video games. We also find that school resources can mitigate the negative impact of class closure among economically disadvantaged students. These results indicate the importance of public programs in preventing a negative temporal shock to student learning environments.

  • Do Class Size Reductions Protect Students from Infectious Diseases? Lessons for COVID-19 Policy from a Flu Epidemic in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area

    Masato Oikawa, Ryuichi Tanaka, Shun-ichiro Bessho, Haruko Noguchi

    AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS    2022.09  [Refereed]

    　View Summary

    We evaluate the causal effect of class size (number of students in a classroom) on incidence of class closure due to the flu, as an outcome of an infectious disease epidemic. For identification of causal effects, we apply a regression discontinuity design using discontinuous variation of class sizes, around the class size cap set by regulation, to administrative data of public primary and middle school students in one of the largest municipalities within the Tokyo metropolitan area from 2015 to 2017. Most classrooms in Japan are constructed in accordance with a standard of classroom area, 63 square meters; class size reduction improves social distancing among students in a classroom. We find that class size reduction is effective in reducing class closures due to the flu: a one-unit reduction of class size decreases class closure by about 5 percent. Additionally, forming small classes with 27 students at most, satisfying the social distancing of 1.5 meters recommended to prevent droplet infection including influenza and COVID-19, reduces class closure by about 90 percent. Moreover, we find that the older the students, the larger the effects of class size reduction. Our findings provide evidence for the effectiveness of social distancing policy in primary and middle schools to protect students from droplet infectious disease spread, including COVID-19.

    DOI

    Scopus

    3
    Citation
    (Scopus)

  • Do macroeconomic shocks in the local labor market lead to child maltreatment and death?: Empirical evidence from Japan

    Masato Oikawa, Akira Kawamura, Cheolmin Kang, Zentaro Yamagata, Haruko Noguchi

    CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT   124   105430 - 105430  2022.02  [Refereed]  [International journal]

    　View Summary

    BACKGROUND: Japan is facing a rapid increase in the number of reported child maltreatment cases. Child maltreatment has long-term consequences for the victims, and unemployment rate is considered a strong predictor of it. However, only few studies have analyzed the causal relation between child maltreatment and the unemployment rate-particularly the effects of the latter on the former-in Japan. METHODS: Using prefecture-level longitudinal data from 2005 to 2016, we employed a fixed effects instrumental variable estimation. The estimation included a weighted average of the national unemployment rate across industries by industrial structures in 2005 as an instrument to identify the causal effects. RESULTS: The average local unemployment rate changed by approximately 50% from the peak to the bottom in the sample period. A 50% increase in local unemployment rates increased the number of reported child neglect cases and child deaths by 80% and 70% (statistically significant at the 5% level), respectively. Further, it increased cases of death due to external causes, unintentional injuries, and unintentional drowning by 146%, 217%, and 315% (statistically significant at the 5% level), respectively. CONCLUSION: The local unemployment rate is a risk factor for child maltreatment, resulting in children's death, especially as a result of unintentional drowning-the common cause of death due to child neglect. When the local unemployment rates rise, governments should allocate more financial and human resources for preventive measures to combat child deaths caused by neglect.

    DOI PubMed

    Scopus

    3
    Citation
    (Scopus)

  • Who Has Benefited from Nursing Home Expansion in Japan?: The Effects of Government Supply-Side Intervention in the Elderly Care Market

    Yoshinori Nishimura, Masato Oikawa

    SSRN Electronic Journal No.4030677    2022.02

    DOI

  • The Impact of Generous Financial Support on Firm Entry and Exit in the Restaurant Industry during the COVID-19 Pandemic

    Masato Oikawa, Koichiro Onishi

    SSRN Electronic Journal No.4019417    2022.01

    DOI

  • Retirement and health investment behaviors: An international comparison

    Hiroyuki Motegi, Yoshinori Nishimura, Masato Oikawa

    JOURNAL OF THE ECONOMICS OF AGEING   16   100267 - 100267  2020.06  [Refereed]

    　View Summary

    This study aims to better understand the effects of retirement on health outcomes through a large-scale crosscountry study of the changes in health investment behaviors after retirement among the populations of seven developed countries. Much of the literature on retirement health consists of single-country studies which generally find that health investment behaviors are effective predictors of health outcomes. However, using Global Aging Data normalized to facilitate cross-country comparison, and exploiting differences in the financial incentives in the pension systems across countries as our identification strategy, we find that, even with a careful accounting of the differences in baseline retirement ages, the elderly do not uniformly change their health investment behaviors in retirement. Therefore, in a cross-country framework, health investment behaviors are not necessarily good predictors of health in retirement.

    DOI

  • The effect of instructional quality on student achievement: Evidence from Japan

    Hiroyuki Motegi, Masato Oikawa

    JAPAN AND THE WORLD ECONOMY   52  2019.12  [Refereed]

    　View Summary

    This paper investigates the heterogeneous effects of changes in instructional time on student achievement due to differences in instructional quality, using student test scores and data on teachers and schools from the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), as well as a natural experiment caused by a 2002 Japanese curriculum standards revision that reduced instruction time for math but not for science for second-year junior high school (grade 8) students. The random matching of teachers and students in Japan and our application of the time dimension of panel data to two subjects, mathematics and science, allow us to control for unobserved heterogeneities such as individual fixed effects and school fixed effects. We confirm that instructional time is more effective in combination with higher-quality teachers, as measured by common indicators such as experience, schooling, and academic major. We also find that these effects are larger for students whose socioeconomic status (SES) is lower.

    DOI

    Scopus

    5
    Citation
    (Scopus)

  • Mental Retirement: Evidence from Global Aging Data

    Yoshinori Nishimura, Masato Oikawa

    MPRA Paper No.84555    2019.09

  • WHAT EXPLAINS THE DIFFERENCE IN THE EFFECT OF RETIREMENT ON HEALTH? EVIDENCE FROM GLOBAL AGING DATA

    Yoshinori Nishimura, Masato Oikawa, Hiroyuki Motegi

    JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC SURVEYS   32 ( 3 ) 792 - 847  2018.07  [Refereed]

    　View Summary

    This paper analyzes the reasons for differences in the estimated effect of retirement on health in previous studies. We investigate these differences by focusing on the analysis methods used by these studies. Using various health indexes, numerous researchers have examined the effects of retirement on health. However, there are no unified views on the impact of retirement on various health indexes. Consequently, we show that the choice of analysis method is one of the key factors in explaining why the estimated results of the effect of retirement on health differ. Moreover, we re-estimate the effect of retirement on health by using a fixed analysis method controlling for individual heterogeneity and endogeneity of the retirement behavior. We analyze the effect of retirement on health parameters, such as cognitive function, self-report of health, activities of daily living (ADL), depression, and body mass index in eight countries. We find that the effects of retirement on self-report of health, depression, and ADL are positive in many of these countries.

    DOI

    Scopus

    40
    Citation
    (Scopus)

  • The Effect of Nuclear Accidents on Land Prices: Evidence from Fukushima-Daiichi in Japan

    Yoshinori Nishimura, Masato Oikawa

    SSRN No.3057221    2017.10

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Presentations

  • The Impact of Generous Financial Support on Firm Entry and Exit in the Restaurant Industry during the COVID-19 Pandemic

    Masato Oikawa (joint with Koichiro Onishi)

    The 2022 Japanese Economic Association Spring Meeting 

    Presentation date： 2022.05

    Event date：
    2022.05
    　
    　

  • Do class closures affect students' achievements? Heterogeneous effects of students' socioeconomic backgrounds

    Masato Oikawa (join with Ryuichi Tanaka, Shun-ichiro Bessho, Akira Kawamura, and Haruko Noguchi)  [Invited]

    YNU Data Science Mini Conference 2022 

    Presentation date： 2022.02

  • コロナ禍での飲食店の参入の分析 (an analysis of market entries to the restaurant industry during the Covid19 pandemic)

    Masato Oikawa (joint with Koichiro Onishi)

    Presentation date： 2021.07

  • Effects of Tsunami Attack on Fishery Industry

    Masato Oikawa (joint with Taiyo Fukai and Takahiro Toriyabe)

    The 2020 Japanese Economic Association Autumn Meeting  (virtual conference) 

    Presentation date： 2020.10

    Event date：
    2020.10
    　
    　

  • Effects of The Health Checkup on Health Outcomes and Behaviors: Heterogeneous Effects Depending on Education

    Masato Oikawa  [Invited]

    Research Seminar  (Sophia University)  Sophia University

    Presentation date： 2020.01

  • Effects of The Health Checkup on Health Outcomes and Behaviors: Heterogeneous Effects Depending on Education

    Masato Oikawa  [Invited]

    Applied Economics Workshop  (Keio University)  Keio University

    Presentation date： 2019.12

  • Effects of The Health Checkup on Health Outcomes and Behaviors: Heterogeneous Effects Depending on Education

    Masato Oikawa  [Invited]

    Modern Economics Seminar  (Yokohama National University)  Yokohama National University

    Presentation date： 2019.07

  • Effects of the Health Checkup on the Health Outcomes and Behaviors: Heterogeneous Effects Depending on Education

    Masato Oikawa

    2019 Asian Meeting of the Econometric Society  (Xiamen University) 

    Presentation date： 2019.06

    Event date：
    2019.06
    　
    　

  • Effects of The Health Checkup on The Health Outcomes and Behaviors: Heterogeneous Effects Depending on Education

    Masato Oikawa

    The Empirical Moral Science Workshop 2019  (Kyoto University) 

    Presentation date： 2019.03

    Event date：
    2019.03
    　
    　

  • Effects of Informal Elderly Care on Labor Supply: Exploitation of Government Intervention on the Supply Side of Elderly Care Market

    Masato Oikawa (joint with Yoshinori Nishimura)(院生セッション:応用ミクロ計量経済学)  [Invited]

    The 2018 Japanese Economic Association Spring Meeting 

    Presentation date： 2018.06

    Event date：
    2018.06
    　
    　

  • Does the information improvement change the health investment behavior and consequent outcomes? The heterogeneous effects across educational groups

    Masato Oikawa  [Invited]

    Tokyo Labor Economics Workshop  (The University of Tokyo) 

    Presentation date： 2018.05

  • Effects of Informal Elderly Care on Labor Supply: Exploitation of Government Intervention on the Supply Side of Elderly Care Market

    Masato Oikawa (joint with Yoshinori Nishimura)  [Invited]

    Seminar at National Institute of Population and Social Security Research  (National Institute of Population and Social Security Research) 

    Presentation date： 2017.12

  • The Effect of Nuclear Accidents on Land Prices: Evidence from Fukushima-Daiichi in Japan

    Masato Oikawa (joint with Yoshinori Nishimura)

    31st Annual Meeting of Applied Regional Science Conference  (The University of Tokyo) 

    Presentation date： 2017.11

    Event date：
    2017.11
    　
    　

  • Effects of Informal Elderly Care on Labor Supply: Exploitation of Government Intervention on the Supply Side of Elderly Care Market

    Masato Oikawa (joint with Yoshinori Nishimura)

    The 12th Applied Microeconometrics Conference  (Hitotsubashi University) 

    Presentation date： 2017.11

    Event date：
    2017.11
    　
    　

  • Effects of Informal Elderly Care on Labor Supply: Exploitation of Government Intervention on the Supply Side of Elderly Care Market

    Masato Oikawa (joint with Yoshinori Nishimura)

    20th Labor Economics Conference  (The University of Tokyo) 

    Presentation date： 2017.09

    Event date：
    2017.09
    　
    　

  • Does the information improvement change the health investment behavior and consequent outcomes? The heterogeneous effects across educational groups

    Masato Oikawa

    The 2017 Japanese Economic Association Autumn Meeting  (Aoyama Gakuin University) 

    Presentation date： 2017.09

    Event date：
    2017.09
    　
    　

  • Does the information improvement change the health investment behavior and consequent outcomes? The heterogeneous effects across educational groups

    Masato Oikawa

    The 12th Annual Meeting of Japan Health Economics Association  (Keio University) 

    Presentation date： 2017.09

    Event date：
    2017.09
    　
    　

  • Estimating Effect of Informal Elderly Care on Labor Supply: Exploitation of Government Intervention on the Supply Side of Elderly Care Marke

    Masato Oikawa (joint with Yoshinori Nishimura)

    The 32nd Annual Congress of the European Economic Association  (The University of Lisbon) 

    Presentation date： 2017.08

    Event date：
    2017.08
    　
    　

  • Does the information improvement change the health investment behavior? Evidence from Japan

    Masato Oikawa

    The 4th Conference of the International Association for Applied Econometrics  (Hotel Emisia, Sapporo) 

    Presentation date： 2017.06

    Event date：
    2017.06
    　
    　

  • Estimating Effect of Informal Elderly Care on Labor Supply: Exploitation of Government Intervention on the Supply Side of Elderly Care Market

    Masato Oikawa (joint with Yoshinori Nishimura)

    The 31st Annual Conference of the European Society for Population Economics  (University of Strathclyde) 

    Presentation date： 2017.06

    Event date：
    2017.06
    　
    　

  • Does the information improvement change the health investment behavior? Evidence from Japan

    Masato Oikawa

    The 8th Australasian Workshop on Econometrics and Health Economics  (Coral Sea Resort, Airlie Beach) 

    Presentation date： 2017.05

    Event date：
    2017.05
    　
    　

  • Does the information improvement change the health investment behavior? Evidence from Japan

    Masato Oikawa

    The 11th Applied Microeconometrics Conference  (Osaka University) 

    Presentation date： 2016.11

    Event date：
    2016.11
    　
    　

  • Retirement and Cognitive Decline: Evidence From Global Aging Data

    Masato Oikawa (joint with Hiroyuki Motegi, and Yoshinori Nishimura)  [Invited]

    Seminar at National Institute of Population and Social Security Research  (National Institute of Population and Social Security Research) 

    Presentation date： 2016.09

  • An International Comparative Study of Health Investment Behaviors After Retirement

    Masato Oikawa (joint with Hiroyuki Motegi, Yoshinori Nishimura, and Kazuyuki Terada)

    The 2016 Japanese Economic Association Autumn Meeting  (Waseda University) 

    Presentation date： 2016.09

    Event date：
    2016.09
    　
    　

  • An International Comparative Study of Lifestyle Habits After Retirement

    Masato Oikawa (joint with Hiroyuki Motegi, Yoshinori Nishimura, and Kazuyuki Terada)

    The 27th CEA (UK) and 8th CEA (Europe) Annual Conference 2016  (University of Duisburg-Essen) 

    Presentation date： 2016.09

    Event date：
    2016.09
    　
    　

  • Retirement and Cognitive Decline: Evidence from Global Aging Data

    Masato Oikawa (joint with Hiroyuki Motegi and Yoshinori Nishimura)

    The 3rd Conference of the International Association for Applied Econometrics  (University of Milano-Bicocca) 

    Presentation date： 2016.06

    Event date：
    2016.06
    　
    　

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Research Projects

  • 日本における中高年を対象とした健康診断政策の実証分析

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業 若手研究

    Project Year :

    2023.04
    -
    2026.03
     

    及川 雅斗

  • Sustainable system design for health care and long-term care - Utilization of administrative big data through international comparative studies

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

    Project Year :

    2022.04
    -
    2026.03
     

  • Research for Analysis of Factors Affecting Changes in the Structure of Medical Care Costs Based on Increasing Longevity Using Receipt Data, etc.: Empirical Research on Estimating the Elasticity of Policy Change as a "Natural Experiment."

    The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare  Health Labour Sciences Research Grant・Policy Science Research (Research for the Promotion of Policy Science)

    Project Year :

    2022.04
    -
    2024.03
     

    Zentaro Yamagata, Toru Asahi, Hayato Yamana, Akira kawamura, Bing Nui, Yuta Toyoma, Rong Fu, Masato Oikawa

  • 中高年者に関連した政策の評価に関する実証分析

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業 研究活動スタート支援

    Project Year :

    2021.08
    -
    2023.03
     

    及川 雅斗

    　View Summary

    本年度は、2008年4月に導入された特定健康診査・特定保健指導(以下、特定健診)の導入が中高年者の行動と健康状態に与えた効果の検証を行なった。
    これまで、法律により被用者の健診受診率が他と比較して高いことと政策導入前後で健診受診行動に大きな変化がないことの2つの事実に着目した差の差(DID)推定をもとに分析を進めている。労働安全衛生法により被用者は健診受診が義務であるため受診率が90%以上であり、ほとんど全てが政策変更の影響を受ける一方、自営業者では健診受診率が約50%ほどであり、およそ半分しか政策変更の影響を受けない。受診率の違いから生じる2群における処置の程度の差を利用して、被用者を処置群、自営業者を対照群としたDID推定である。
    これまでの分析結果から、大学卒以上の中高年男性のサンプルでは、特定健康診査・特定保健指導の導入により、体重減少、肥満指標の改善、運動や食生活の変容が確認された。一方、大学卒未満のサンプルでは、そのような変化は確認されず、政策変更の効果が教育水準により異質であることが示唆された。追加的な分析から、認知能力の違いがこのような効果の異質性を説明する要因の一つである可能性が確認された。
    現在、研究成果をまとめた論文を経済学分野の国際学術誌へ投稿中であり、いくつかの雑誌から"reject"の判定を下されたが、有益なコメントを得ることができた。得られたコメントをもとに論文を改訂し、次年度には、別の国際学術誌へ投稿したいと考えている。

  • 高齢者関連政策の政策評価に関する実証分析

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業 特別研究員奨励費

    Project Year :

    2019.04
    -
    2022.03
     

    及川 雅斗

    　View Summary

    本年度は高齢者関連政策の政策評価に関連して、以下の二つのトピックについて研究を進めてきた。一つ目は、2008年4月に導入された特定健康診査・特定保健指導と呼ばれる健診システムが中高年者の健康状態に与えた効果の評価である。これまでの分析結果から、大学卒以上のサンプルでは、健診システムの制度変更の結果、体重減少に伴う肥満指標の改善や食生活などの行動変容が観察された。一方で、大学卒未満では、そのような変化は観察されず、政策効果が教育水準により異質である可能性が示唆された。本年度は、中国の厦門で行われたAsian Meeting of the Econometric Societyや横浜国立大学、慶應義塾大学、上智大学における国内の研究セミナーに参加し、多くの有益なコメントを得ることができた。それらのコメントをもとに分析の修正・追加を行ったがこれまでの研究結果が大きく変わることはなく、分析に一定の頑健性が確認された。また、これらの分析結果をもとに論文の執筆を行い、論文の英文校正を依頼中である。校正が完了し次第、国際学会への投稿や、国際学術誌への投稿を行う予定である。二つ目は、中高年期における年金支給に伴う引退行動が健康関連行動に与える効果の推定である。本研究では、国際比較可能な中高年者を対象とした縦断調査(Health and Retirement Studyなど)を用いて、引退が健康投資行動に与えた影響を分析した。上述のデータセットをもとに国際比較可能な分析フレームワークを用いて分析を行なった結果、引退により運動が増加、喫煙が減少するなど、健康を改善するような行動変容が推定された。本年度は、これまでの分析結果を論文としてまとめ国際学術誌への投稿をおこない、Journal of The Economics of Ageing誌へ採択されることとなった。

  • 高齢者の健康投資行動に関する実証分析

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業 特別研究員奨励費

    Project Year :

    2017.04
    -
    2019.03
     

    及川 雅斗

    　View Summary

    平成30年度は前年度に引き続き、中高年者の健康と行動に関連して、以下の三つのトピックについて研究を進めてきた。
    一つ目は、2008年4月に導入された特定健康診査・特定保健指導が中高年者の健康状態に与えた効果推定である。前年度の分析結果からは、大学卒以上の中高年男性では、特定健康診査・特定保健指導導入の結果、body mass index (BMI) と呼ばれる肥満指標の一つに改善や行動の変容が推定された一方で、大学卒未満のサンプルでは、そのような変化は推定されず、健診導入効果の教育水準による異質性が示唆された。本年度は、前年度で参加した学会やセミナーにおけるコメントをもとにいくつか分析の修正・追加を行い、分析の修正後でもそれまでの研究結果が大きく変わることはなく、分析に一定の頑健性が確認された。
    二つ目は、中高年期における引退行動が健康や行動に与える効果の推定である。本研究では、国際比較可能な中高年者縦断調査を用いて分析を行っている。前年度では、健康指標に着目し引退の影響を分析してきた。前年度の分析結果では、いくつかの健康指標で引退の正の効果が推定された。本年度は健康指標に加えて、運動、飲酒、喫煙といった健康行動に与えた影響について分析を進めた。分析の結果、多くの国で引退により運動が増加、喫煙が減少するなど、健康を改善するような行動変容が推定された。これらの結果から、前年度までに明らかになった引退が健康に与えた正の効果の背後にあるメカニズムに対する議論を行うことができた。
    三つ目は、中高年者の家庭内介護供給が労働供給に与える影響の評価である。分析に際しては、介護供給と労働供給の同時決定に伴う内生性の問題を考慮して、固定効果操作変数法と呼ばれる推定手法を用いて効果の推定を行った。操作変数として居住地域の介護福祉施設や介護老人保健施設の施設容量用いて分析を行った。

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Syllabus

Teaching Experience

  • Advanced Course on Civil Society and Citizenship Studies (Health Economics)

    School of Education, Waseda University  

    2021
    -
    Now
     

  • Applied Econometrics II

    Graduate School of International and Public Policy, Hitotsubashi University  

    2019.10
    -
    2020.03
     

  • Selected Topics in Public Finance

    Graduate School of International Social Sciences, Yokohama National University  

    2017.10
    -
    2018.03
     

 

Research Institute

  • 2023
    -
    2024

    Center for Data Science   Concurrent Researcher

Internal Special Research Projects

  • 健診政策の実証・定量評価

    2023  

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    日本で2008年に導入された「特定健康診査・特定保健指導」(特定健診)の政策効果を、特定健診導入前の健診内容の地域差を利用したDID推定で評価した。日本では特定健診導入以前から健診が広く提供されていたが、健診内容は実施主体により異なっていた。特定健診の導入により、各主体の健診内容が一定程度標準化されることとなったため、特定健診導入による健診内容の変化には地域的異質性がある。そこで、健診内容が大幅に拡充された地域を処置群、それ以外の地域を対照群として、2群の住民の健康状態の変化を比較するDID推定を行った。分析には「患者調査」や「国民生活基礎調査」、「国民健康・栄養調査」（平成14年以前は、「国民栄養調査」）といった厚生労働省が所管する政府統計を用いた。分析の結果、処置群の自治体では、生活習慣病による外来患者数が確認され、加えて、生活習慣病にかかわる外来医療費が16.4%減少したことも確認された。また、生活習慣病に関連が強い脳卒中による入院患者数が減少したことが処置群で観察された。処置群では、個人の生活習慣の変化も確認され、この変化は生活習慣病の患者数減少を説明する一つの要因であるかもしれない。研究成果をまとめた論文は、国際学術誌へ投稿準備中である。

  • 実証分析による健康政策の評価

    2021  

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    経済産業研究所などが収集した中高年を対象とした縦断調査「くらしと健康の調査」を用いて、2008年度から導入された「特定健康診査・特定保健指導」という健診政策が中高年者の健康状態と生活習慣に与えた影響を評価した。分析の結果、健診政策の制度変更により、比較的肥満リスクの高い大学卒以上の中高年者は、統計的に有意に生活習慣（運動、食習慣、飲酒）を変容し肥満度を改善した一方で、高校卒以下の比較的肥満リスクの高い中高年者では、そのような統計的に有意な変化は見られなかった。これらの結果は、健康政策に対する反応が個人の教育水準により異なる可能性を示唆している。