Updated on 2024/04/25

写真a

 
ONO, Yoshikuni
 
Affiliation
Faculty of Political Science and Economics, School of Political Science and Economics
Job title
Professor
Degree
Ph.D. ( University of Michigan, Ann Arbor )
Homepage URL
http://www-personal.umich.edu/~onoy/

Research Experience

  • 2020.09
    -
    Now

    Waseda University   Faculty of Political Science and Economics   Professor

  • 2015.10
    -
    2020.08

    Tohoku University   Graduate School of Law   Professor

  • 2013.07
    -
    2015.09

    Tohoku University   Graduate School of Law   Associate Professor

  • 2010.09
    -
    2013.06

    International University of Japan   Graduate School of International Relations   Assistant Professor

Education Background

  • 2010
    -
    　

    University of Michigan, Ann Arbor   Department of Political Science   Ph.D.  

  • 2001
    -
    　

    University of Tokyo   Graduate School of Law and Politics   LL.M.  

  • 1999
    -
    　

    University of Tokyo   School of Law   B.A.  

Committee Memberships

  • 2022.09
    -
    Now

    Center for Positive/Empirical Analysis of Political Economy, Waseda University  Project Manager

  • 2021.01
    -
    Now

    Political Behavior  Editorial board member

  • 2018.05
    -
    Now

    Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry  Faculty Fellow

  • 2020.02
    -
    Now

    Waseda Institute of Political Economy  Associate Researcher

  • 2019.12
    -
    Now

    V-Dem Regional Center East Asia  Research Fellow

  • 2019.01
    -
    Now

    Japanese Journal of Political Science  Associate Editor

  • 2021.10
    -
    2023.06

    The Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research  Research Director

  • 2021.04
    -
    2021.09

    Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research  Senior Fellow

  • 2020.04
    -
    2021.03

    Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University  Joint Researcher

  • 2019.09
    -
    2021.03

    Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research  Senior Fellow and Senior Data Analyst

  • 2015.09
    -
    2017.08

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Postdoctoral Fellowship for Research Abroad

  • 2015.09
    -
    2017.08

    Department of Political Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison  Visiting Scholar

  • 2013.07
    -
    2014.06

    International University of Japan  Research Associate

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Professional Memberships

  • 　
    　
    　

    日本選挙学会

  • 　
    　
    　

    日本政治学会

  • 　
    　
    　

    Midwest Political Science Association

  • 　
    　
    　

    American Political Science Association

Research Areas

  • Politics   Social Science

Research Interests

  • Japanese Politics

  • American politics

  • Gender

  • Electoral behavior

  • Voting behavior

  • Political parties

  • Legislative behavior

  • Political Science

▼display all

Awards

  • JSCP Distinguished Presentation Award

    2021.06   Japanese Society for Cognitive Psychology  

  • JAES Excellence in Presentation Award

    2019.07   Japan Association of Electoral Studies   Size and Representative Democracy: How Population Size Shapes the Behavior of Local Politicians

    Winner： ONO Yoshikuni, YAMADA Kyohei

Media Coverage

  • FOCUS: More female lawmakers key to elevating women to leadership in Japan

    Internet

    Author： Other  

    Kyodo News  

    https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2023/09/9bde8dfd9fa1-focus-more-female-lawmakers-key-to-elevating-women-to-leadership-in-japan.html  

    2023.09

  • Do Older Voters Actually Want to Vote for Younger Candidates? An experiment in clearing up misconceptions about Silver Democracy

    Internet

    Author： Other  

    Asahi Shimbun  

    https://www.asahi.com/articles/ASR4644JLR44DIFI001.html  

    2023.04

  • Republicans and Democrats differ drastically in their assessment of female judges, minority judges, research finds

    Internet

    Author： Other  

    The Journalist's Resource  

    2022.03

  • Today’s Focus 女性議員が増えない理由

    TV or radio program

    Author： Other  

    Japan FM Network   OH! HAPPY MORNING  

    2021.10

  • The blocked road to a woman prime minister in Japan

    Internet

    Author： Myself  

    The Hill  

    https://thehill.com/opinion/international/575875-the-blocked-road-to-a-woman-prime-minister-in-japan  

    2021.10

  • 日本從未誕生女首相 女性參政率低

    TV or radio program

    Author： Other  

    Phoenix TV  

    http://share.fengshows.com/article.html?id=ab692b0e-fe74-4dc6-aebb-a1dbf73528b6&channelID=r06&time=1632721991.904453  

    2021.09

  • 女性は議員になりたくても…半数近く「家事・育児と両立困難」で断念 内閣府調査

    Newspaper, magazine

    Author： Other  

    東京新聞  

    社会  

    2021.04

  • 国際女性デー２０２１／４ 「女性議員少ない」 事実正しく認識を

    Newspaper, magazine

    Author： Other  

    毎日新聞  

    愛知版  

    2021.03

  • Women in Congress Increased to 26% in U.S.

    TV or radio program

    Author： Other  

    NHK   News Web  

    2021.01

  • Why do we still distrust women leaders?

    Internet

    Author： Other  

    BBC Worklife  

    https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20210108-why-do-we-still-distrust-women-leaders  

    2021.01

  • The record number of women running in Democratic primaries will likely outperform their Republican peers

    Newspaper, magazine

    Author： Other  

    The Washington Post  

    2018.04

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Papers

  • Too Young to Run? Voter Evaluations of the Age of Candidates

    Charles T. McClean, Yoshikuni Ono

    Political Behavior    2024.03  [Refereed]

    DOI

    Scopus

  • The Underrepresentation of Women in Politics: A Literature Review on Gender Bias in Political Recruitment Processes

    Yoshikuni ONO, Yuya ENDO

    Interdisciplinary Information Sciences    2024

    DOI

  • Opposition to Women Political Leaders: Gender Bias and Stereotypes of Politicians Among Japanese Voters

    Yuya Endo, Yoshikuni Ono

    Journal of Women, Politics & Policy     1 - 16  2023.02  [Refereed]

    DOI

  • Quality of public governance and voluntary tax payment: experimental evidence from Indonesia

    Dwi Krisnanto, Endra Iraman, Yoshikuni Ono, Makoto Kakinaka

    Applied Economics Letters   30 ( 4 ) 543 - 547  2023.02  [Refereed]

    DOI

    Scopus

    1
    Citation
    (Scopus)

  • Social contact and attitudes toward outsiders: The case of Japan

    Yusaku Horiuchi, Yoshikuni Ono

    Research & Politics    2023.01  [Refereed]

    DOI

    Scopus

    1
    Citation
    (Scopus)

  • Voters’ perceptions and evaluations of dynastic politics in Japan

    Hirofumi Miwa, Yuko Kasuya, Yoshikuni Ono

    Asian Journal of Comparative Politics    2022.12  [Refereed]

    　View Summary

    Political family dynasties are a staple part of Japanese politics. According to one study, Japan has the fourth highest number of dynastic politicians among democratic countries, after Thailand, the Philippines, and Iceland. As a result, many scholars have qualitatively studied how these political families are born and managed. In contrast to the wealth of qualitative studies on this subject, however, few quantitative studies on Japanese political dynasties focus on how voters view them. To understand this question, we conducted two nation-wide surveys. Our major findings are that while the majority of respondents dislike dynastic candidates, they also value certain attributes of those candidates, such as their political networks, their potential for ministerial appointments, and their ability to bring pork projects to their constituencies. These results fill a gap in benchmark information on dynastic politics in Japan and are a departure from existing studies that show Japanese voters are neutral regarding whether a candidate is from a dynastic family in voting decisions.

    DOI

    Scopus

  • Neoliberal ideology and negative attitudes toward immigrants: Evidence from a survey and survey experiment in Japan

    Akira Igarashi, Yoshikuni Ono

    Journal of Applied Social Psychology   52 ( 12 ) 1146 - 1157  2022.12  [Refereed]

    DOI

    Scopus

    1
    Citation
    (Scopus)

  • Susceptibility to threatening information and attitudes toward refugee resettlement: The case of Japan

    Yusaku Horiuchi, Yoshikuni Ono

    Journal of Peace Research   60 ( 3 ) 459 - 473  2022.08  [Refereed]

    　View Summary

    A growing number of news articles and politicians’ statements treat refugees as potential terrorists. However, existing research has yet to thoroughly examine how threatening information about refugees affects natives’ attitudes toward refugee resettlement. To address this issue, we conducted a survey experiment in Japan, where the number of refugees accepted each year is extremely small, despite the rapid increase in news about refugees. Our results show that opposition to refugee resettlement is associated with its proximity. Specifically, we find two types of NIMBY (not-in-my-backyard) attitudes – within-country and between-country NIMBY-ism – toward refugee resettlement among Japanese people. Additionally, respondents become more strongly opposed to refugee resettlement when exposed to threatening frames that depict refugees as harmful, regardless of the proximity to threats and potential resettlement. These findings add nuance to the scholarly literature on threat perceptions and public attitudes in intergroup relations. First, our findings suggest that NIMBY attitudes toward refugee resettlement (shown in Ferwerda, Flynn & Horiuchi, 2017) are not a US-only phenomenon. Second, we provide empirical evidence to support the theory that subjectively perceived threats affect people’s hostility toward out-group members, even in the absence of actual threats. Finally, we contribute to the recent debate on the effects of proximity to threats. Our results support the argument that the psychological effects of terrorism on negative attitudes toward immigrants and refugees are more pronounced in homogeneous societies, irrespective of proximity to the threat.

    DOI

    Scopus

  • Gender differences in campaigning under alternative voting systems: analysis of election manifestos

    Yoshikuni Ono, Hirofumi Miwa

    Politics, Groups, and Identities     1 - 9  2022.06  [Refereed]

    DOI

  • Who Should Call for Advocacies? The Influence of Rights Advocates on the Public's Attitude Toward Immigrants’ Voting Rights in Japan

    Akira Igarashi, Yoshikuni Ono

    Journal of East Asian Studies   22 ( 3 ) 555 - 566  2022.06  [Refereed]

    　View Summary

    Abstract

    Native allies are critical to the success of immigrants’ social movements in East Asian countries because of their relatively small number. However, it remains unclear whether advocacy messages from natives or from immigrants are more effective in changing natives’ attitudes toward supporting immigrant-oriented policies. We hypothesize, from the perspective of social identity theory, that the persuasiveness of a message varies, depending on the identity of the group sending the message—that is, whether it is an in-group or an out-group. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a survey experiment using the case of granting local voting rights to immigrants in Japan. We found that support for granting local voting rights to immigrants does not decrease when the Japanese hear advocacy messages from the Japanese, however, it does decrease when they hear messages from Korean immigrants who stand to benefit from the granting of local suffrage. These results suggest that natives’ advocacy messages may increase support for immigrants.

    DOI

    Scopus

    1
    Citation
    (Scopus)

  • Why do citizens prefer high-skilled immigrants to low-skilled immigrants? Identifying causal mechanisms of immigration preferences with a survey experiment

    Akira Igarashi, Hirofumi Miwa, Yoshikuni Ono

    Research & Politics   9 ( 2 ) 205316802210914 - 205316802210914  2022.04  [Refereed]

    DOI

    Scopus

    2
    Citation
    (Scopus)

  • When do people become more willing to pay taxes? The effects of government spending information on the public’s willingness to pay taxes

    Endra Iraman, Yoshikuni Ono, Makoto Kakinaka

    The Social Science Journal     1 - 12  2021.08  [Refereed]

    DOI

    Scopus

    2
    Citation
    (Scopus)

  • The effects of negative and positive information on attitudes towards immigration

    Akira Igarashi, Yoshikuni Ono

    International Migration   60 ( 4 ) 137 - 149  2021.08  [Refereed]

    DOI

    Scopus

    1
    Citation
    (Scopus)

  • Do Americans perceive diverse judges as inherently biased?

    Yoshikuni Ono, Michael A. Zilis

    Politics, Groups, and Identities   11 ( 2 ) 335 - 344  2021.08  [Refereed]

    DOI

  • Ignorance is Bliss? Age, Misinformation, and Support for Women’s Representation

    Barry C Burden, Yoshikuni Ono

    Public Opinion Quarterly   84 ( 4 ) 838 - 859  2021.06  [Refereed]

    　View Summary

    <title>Abstract</title>
    Most people overestimate how many women have been elected to Congress and state legislatures, but this misinformation reduces with age. Multivariate analysis of our original survey data confirms that young people are prone to overestimating how many seats are held by women, and this pattern is especially sharp among male respondents. In addition, a memory of being represented by a woman in the past tends to inflate overestimates further. Erroneous thinking among the young may produce an “ignorance is bliss” effect by reducing the apparent need to elect more women to office and raising levels of trust in government. In contrast, more realistic beliefs among older people make the dominance of men in public office more apparent and actionable.

    DOI

    Scopus

    3
    Citation
    (Scopus)

  • Tax compliance and social desirability bias of taxpayers: experimental evidence from Indonesia

    Endra Iraman, Yoshikuni Ono, Makoto Kakinaka

    Journal of Public Policy     1 - 18  2021.05  [Refereed]

    　View Summary

    <title>Abstract</title>
    Identifying taxpayers who engage in noncompliant behaviour is crucial for tax authorities to determine appropriate taxation schemes. However, because taxpayers have an incentive to conceal their true income, it is difficult for tax authorities to uncover such behaviour (social desirability bias). Our study mitigates the bias in responses to sensitive questions by employing the list experiment technique, which allows us to identify the characteristics of taxpayers who engage in tax evasion. Using a dataset obtained from a tax office in Jakarta, Indonesia, we conducted a computer-assisted telephone interviewing survey in 2019. Our results revealed that 13% of the taxpayers, old, male, corporate employees, and members of a certain ethnic group had reported lower income than their true income on their tax returns. These findings suggest that our research design can be a useful tool for understanding tax evasion and for developing effective taxation schemes that promote tax compliance.

    DOI

  • Ascriptive Characteristics and Perceptions of Impropriety in the Rule of Law: Race, Gender, and Public Assessments of Whether Judges Can Be Impartial

    Yoshikuni Ono, Michael A. Zilis

    American Journal of Political Science   66 ( 1 ) 43 - 58  2021.05  [Refereed]

    DOI

    Scopus

    8
    Citation
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  • Do voters prefer gender stereotypic candidates? evidence from a conjoint survey experiment in Japan

    Yoshikuni Ono, Masahiro Yamada

    Political Science Research and Methods   8 ( 3 ) 477 - 492  2020.07  [Refereed]

    Authorship：Lead author, Corresponding author

    　View Summary

    <title>Abstract</title>The striking under-representation of women in Japan has been partly attributed to gender stereotypes and prejudice toward female leadership among voters. We examine whether and to what extent candidates get rewarded or punished when they deviate from the behavioral expectations associated with their gender roles and images. Our conjoint experiment results in Japan demonstrate that not only are female candidates disadvantaged compared to their male counterparts, but also that they could lose support when they diverge from gender-based behavioral expectations. Our findings suggest that female candidates face a difficult dilemma in that they must weigh the cost of losing support for failing to conform to gender-based expectations, against the general loss of support they would incur for conforming to these expectations.

    DOI

    Scopus

    22
    Citation
    (Scopus)

  • The Contingent Effects of Candidate Sex on Voter Choice

    Yoshikuni Ono, Barry C. Burden

    Political Behavior   41 ( 3 ) 1 - 25  2018.05  [Refereed]

    　View Summary

    A prominent explanation for why women are significantly underrepresented in public office in the U.S. is that stereotypes lead voters to favor male candidates over female candidates. Yet whether voters actually use a candidate’s sex as a voting heuristic in the presence of other common information about candidates remains a surprisingly unsettled question. Using a conjoint experiment that controls for stereotypes, we show that voters are biased against female candidates but in some unexpected ways. The average effect of a candidate’s sex on voter decisions is small in magnitude, is limited to presidential rather than congressional elections, and appears only among male voters. More importantly, independent voters display the greatest negative bias against female candidates. The results suggest that partisanship works as a kind of “insurance” for voters who can be sure that the party affiliation of the candidate will represent their views in office regardless of the sex of the candidate.

    DOI

    Scopus

    40
    Citation
    (Scopus)

  • The Perceptions of Local Political Actors After Natural Disasters: The Effect of Japan's 3/11 Disasters on Local Politics

    Yoshikuni Ono

    Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy   8 ( 4 ) 335 - 355  2017.12  [Refereed]

    DOI

    Scopus

    6
    Citation
    (Scopus)

  • Reassessing Public Support for a Female President

    Barry C. Burden, Yoshikuni Ono, Masahiro Yamada

    The Journal of Politics   79 ( 3 ) 1073 - 1078  2017.07  [Refereed]

    DOI

    Scopus

    38
    Citation
    (Scopus)

  • Local politicians as linking social capital: an empirical test of political behavior after Japan's 3/11 disasters

    Daniel P. Aldrich, Yoshikuni Ono

    Natural Hazards   84 ( 3 ) 1637 - 1659  2016.12  [Refereed]

    　View Summary

    After a massive catastrophe, local decision makers have a large number of potential sources of advice and assistance. Yet, we know little about those to whom politicians reach out at the local, regional, and national levels, and what drives the intensity of contact with these targets. Using original survey data drawn from more than 240 council members from cities, towns, and villages in the Tohoku region of Japan, we investigate the factors influencing consultation after the March 11, 2011, compounded disasters. We find strong variation in their outreach to actors, including national-level politicians, governors, prefectural politicians, civil servants, and local constituents. Controlling for a number of compounding factors, such as town size, financial capability, and personal characteristics of the politician, we find that the degree of damage in their own communities robustly influences outreach after crisis. The more damage, the more local politicians reach out to a broader network of potentially useful connections more often. Partisan and independent town council members behave differently; those with party connections (especially those with connections to a governing party) reach out more than those without. Our findings about diversity and intensity of outreach bring important implications for residents, politicians, and non-governmental organizations after disaster.

    DOI

    Scopus

    12
    Citation
    (Scopus)

  • Survey Results of Municipal Council Members in Tohoku Region of Japan

    ONO Yoshikuni, YAMADA Kyohei

    Hogaku   79 ( 3 ) 335 - 265  2015.08

    CiNii

  • Personal Attributes of Legislators and Parliamentary Behavior: An Analysis of Parliamentary Activities among Japanese Legislators

    Yoshikuni Ono

    Japanese Journal of Political Science   16 ( 1 ) 68 - 95  2015.03  [Refereed]

    　View Summary

    This study explores the individual-level activities of legislators in parliament, which have been largely ignored in the literature on parliamentary democracies. Individual legislators are extensively involved in parliamentary activities such as drafting private members' bills and posing questions, even though these activities have only been considered to play marginal roles in parliamentary democracies. Moreover, their engagement varies significantly. By using unique data from Japan, this study demonstrates that the personal attributes of legislators affect their choice of parliamentary activities. Under electoral systems with intra-party competition, legislators use parliamentary activities as an important means to inform their constituents about what they can do for them and how they differ from other legislators. In elections, candidates cultivate personal votes by exploiting the image drawn from their personal attributes and, once elected, they behave in accordance with their attributes in order to maintain their electoral ground. Thus, they devote themselves to different activities in parliament. The data analyzed here support this argument. The results of empirical analyses show that legislators with local-level political experience engage in particularistic pork-barrel activities that will benefit their local interests, while legislators with legal-work experience allocate their time and energy to general policy-making activities that will enhance their public image and visibility as legal experts.

    DOI

    Scopus

    9
    Citation
    (Scopus)

  • Gender Differences in Politics: The Effect of Gender on Politicians’ Policy Preferences and Legislative Activities in Japan

    ONO Yoshikuni

    Hogaku   79 ( 4 ) 1 - 38  2015

    CiNii

  • Portfolio Allocation as Leadership Strategy: Intraparty Bargaining in Japan

    Yoshikuni Ono

    American Journal of Political Science   56 ( 3 ) 553 - 567  2012.07  [Refereed]

    　View Summary

    How do the dynamics of portfolio allocation work within parties? While much of the existing literature focuses on portfolio allocation among parties in coalition governments, bargaining over cabinet portfolios also takes place within parties because many parties have internal divisions or factions that influence these decisions. By analyzing data on portfolio allocation in the Liberal Democratic Party of Japan from 1960 through 2007, this study demonstrates that, contrary to the proportionality proposition (Gamson's Law), substantial variance exists in allocation outcomes over time because party leaders allocate cabinet portfolios among factions as a means of preventing defections and challenges from their party's members. The resulting portfolio allocation reflects the bargaining dynamics within the party: I find that party leaders surrender more portfolios as they become more vulnerable to challenges posed by internal rivals.

    DOI

    Scopus

    30
    Citation
    (Scopus)

  • Nonprofit Organizations and Policy Process: Public Interest Groups and Issue Networks in Japan

    ONO Yoshikuni

    Kokkagakkai Zasshi   115 ( 9/10 ) 1056 - 1116  2002

    CiNii

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Books and Other Publications

  • Tohyo Kodo Kenkyu no Furont’ia [Frontiers of Voting Behavior Studies]

    ONO Yoshikuni( Part： Contributor, Spatial Theory and Voting Behavior)

    Brain-Shuppan  2009

  • Gendai Nihon no Seijika Zo [Members of the Japanese Diet: An Analysis of Their Political Activities, 1990-1998]

    ONO Yoshikuni( Part： Joint editor, Legislative Activities of the Members of the Diet)

    Bokutakusha  2001

Presentations

  • Why are there more women in the Upper House?

    Yoshikuni Ono  [Invited]

    Research seminar, Economic Society, Ritsumeikan University 

    Presentation date： 2024.02

  • The Power of Beauty at the Ballot Box

    Yoshikuni Ono  [Invited]

    Research seminar, Graduate School of Governance, Sung Kyun Kwan University 

    Presentation date： 2023.07

  • Why Beauty Matters: Candidates’ Facial Appearance and Electoral Success

    Yoshikuni Ono  [Invited]

    Taipei School of Economics and Political Science Seminar Series 

    Presentation date： 2023.03

  • Why are there more women in the Upper House?

    Yoshikuni Ono  [Invited]

    Australian National University Japan Institute Seminar Series 2023 

    Presentation date： 2023.03

  • Candidate Appearance and Electoral Success: Who Can Get Away from Facial Influence in Elections?

    ONO Yoshikuni  [Invited]

    Interdisciplinary Workshop on Politics and Policy, Center for Political Studies, University of Michigan 

    Presentation date： 2019.12

  • Candidates' Facial Attractivenss and Electoral Success

    ONO Yoshikuni, ASANO Masahiko  [Invited]

    Terasaki Center for Japanese Studies Colloquium, University of California, Los Angeles 

    Presentation date： 2019.11

  • Gender Differences in Candidate Election Manifestos: A Context Analysis of Election Pledges among Candidates in Japan

    ONO Yoshikuni, MIWA Hirofumi

    POLTEXT 2019, 3rd International Interdisciplinary Symposium on the Quantitative Analysis of Textual Data 

    Presentation date： 2019.11

  • Candidate Appearance and Electoral Success: Evidence from Japan’s Upper House Elections

    ONO Yoshikuni, ASANO Masahiko

    2019 Toronto Political Behavior Workshop 

    Presentation date： 2019.11

  • Legislative Networks and Ministerial Turnover: Analyzing the Impact of Social Ties on Ministerial Dismissal

    MURAOKA Taishi, ONO Yoshikuni

    The Northeast Workshop in Japanese Politics 

    Presentation date： 2019.08

  • Candidates’ Physical Appearances and Electoral Success: Evidence from Japan’s Upper House Elections

    ONO Yoshikuni, ASANO Masahiko

    The Northeast Workshop in Japanese Politics 

    Presentation date： 2019.08

  • The Effects of Threats and Benefits of Immigrants on Public Opinion

    IGARASHI Akira, ONO Yoshikuni

    019 American Political Science Association Annual Meeting 

    Presentation date： 2019.08

  • A Test of Three Explanation for Gender-Office Congruency in U.S. Elections

    BURDEN Barry, ONO Yoshikuni

    2019 American Political Science Association Annual Meeting 

    Presentation date： 2019.08

  • Gender stereotypes and voter behavior

    ONO Yoshikuni  [Invited]

    Research seminar, Research Institute for Future Design, Kochi University of Technology 

    Presentation date： 2019.07

  • Gender Stereotypes and Fairness Perception of Court Decisions: Experimental Evidence from Japan

    ONO Yoshikuni, MORITA Hatsuru

    2019 Summer Meeting of the Japanese Society for Quantitative Political Science 

    Presentation date： 2019.07

  • Testing Alternative Explanations for Gender-Office Congruency

    BURDEN Barry, ONO Yoshikuni  [Invited]

    2nd Annual Conference on Effective Lawmaking 

    Presentation date： 2019.06

  • Candidates’ Physical Appearances and Electoral Success: Evidence from Japan’s Upper House Elections

    ONO Yoshikuni, ASANO Masahiko

    Modern Political Process Research Forum 

    Presentation date： 2019.05

  • The Effect of Irrelevant Visual Cues on Candidate Evaluation

    ONO Yoshikuni, YOKOYAMA Tomoya

    2019 Midwest Political Science Association Annual Meeting 

    Presentation date： 2019.04

  • The Effects of Threats and Benefits of Immigrants on Public Opinion

    ITARASHI AKira, ONO Yoshikuni

    019 Midwest Political Science Association Annual Meeting 

    Presentation date： 2019.04

  • Judges’ Attributes and Public Support for Court Decisions

    ONO Yoshikuni, ZILIS Michael

    2019 Midwest Political Science Association Annual Meeting 

    Presentation date： 2019.04

  • Gender Stereotypes and Candidate Evaluation: Why are Japanese Women Underrepresented in Politics?

    ONO Yoshikuni

    Séminaire Sciences Sociales du Japon Contemporain 

    Presentation date： 2019.02

  • Testing Alternative Explanations for Gender-Office Congruency

    BURDEN Barry, ONO Yoshikuni

    018 American Political Science Association Annual Meeting 

    Presentation date： 2018.09

  • Gender Differences in Candidate Policy Priorities, Expertise, and Positions: Do Male and Female Office Seekers Represent Different Issues in Japan?

    ONO Yoshikuni, REEVES Justin

    Harvard Symposium on Japanese Politics 

    Presentation date： 2018.08

  • Opposition to Refugee Resettlement under Limited Contact with Foreigners

    HORIUCHI Yusaku, ONO Yoshikuni

    2018 American Political Science Association Annual Meeting, Boston 

    Presentation date： 2018.08

  • Voters’ Attitudes toward Refugee Resettlement

    HORIUCHI Yusaku, ONO Yoshikuni

    2018 Japan Association for Comparative Politics Annual Meeting 

    Presentation date： 2018.06

  • Size and Local Democracy: How Population Size Shapes the Behavior of Local Politicians in Japan

    ONO Yoshikuni, YAMADA Kyohei

    2018 Japan Association of Election Studies Annual Meeting 

    Presentation date： 2018.05

  • Understanding Japanese Voters’ Attitudes towards Global Refugee Crisis

    HORIUCHI Yusaku, ONO Yoshikuni

    2018 Midwest Political Science Association Annual Meeting 

    Presentation date： 2018.04

  • Size and Local Democracy: How Population Size Shapes Campaign Strategies of Local Politicians in Japan

    ONO Yoshikuni, YAMADA Kyohei

    2018 Midwest Political Science Association Annual Meeting 

    Presentation date： 2018.04

  • Gender Stereotypes and Public Support for Court Decisions

    ONO Yoshikuni, ZILIS Michael

    2018 Midwest Political Science Association Annual Meeting 

    Presentation date： 2018.04

  • Testing Alternative Explanations for Gender-Office Congruency

    BURDEN Barry, ONO Yoshikuni

    2018 Midwest Political Science Association Annual Meeting 

    Presentation date： 2018.04

  • Gender stereotypes and Candidate Evaluation

    ONO Yoshikuni  [Invited]

    Comparative Politics Seminar Series, Faculty of Law, Keio University 

    Presentation date： 2018.01

  • The Contingent Effects of Candidate Sex on Voter Choice

    ONO Yoshikuni, BURDEN Barry

    2017 American Political Science Association Annual Meeting 

    Presentation date： 2017.09

  • The Contingent Effects of Candidate Sex on Voter Choice

    ONO Yoshikuni, BURDEN Barry

    2017 Conference of the Society for Political Methodology 

    Presentation date： 2017.07

  • Gender Stereotypes and Candidate Evaluation: Evidence from Survey Experiments in Japan

    ONO Yoshikuni  [Invited]

    Conference on Japanese Politics and Diplomacy, Council on East Asian Studies, Yale University 

    Presentation date： 2017.05

  • Do Voters Prefer Gender Stereotypic Candidates?

    ONO Yoshikuni

    Chicago Area Behavior Workshop 

    Presentation date： 2017.05

  • Portfolio Allocation as Leadership Strategy

    ONO Yoshikuni

    Field Lunch in Comparative Politics, New York University 

    Presentation date： 2017.04

  • Gender and Leadership Styles in Politics: Evidence from Japan

    ONO Yoshikuni

    2017 Midwest Political Science Association Annual Conference 

    Presentation date： 2017.04

  • The Contingent Effects of Candidate Sex on Voter Choice

    ONO Yoshikuni  [Invited]

    Brownbag Series in Social Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 

    Presentation date： 2017.02

  • Do Voters Prefer Gender Stereotypic Candidates?

    ONO Yoshikuni  [Invited]

    Terasaki Center for Japanese Studies Colloquium, University of California, Los Angeles 

    Presentation date： 2016.11

  • Do Voters Prefer Gender Stereotypic Candidates?

    ONO Yoshikuni  [Invited]

    Contemporary Japanese Politics Study Group, Harvard University 

    Presentation date： 2016.10

  • Normalizing Japan? Foreign Threats and the Operation of the Diet

    KAGOTANI Koji, ONO Yoshikuni

    2016 American Political Science Association Annual Meeting 

    Presentation date： 2016.09

  • Do Disasters Affect Local Political Conditions?

    ONO Yoshikuni

    2016 American Political Science Association Annual Meeting 

    Presentation date： 2016.09

  • Don’t Know Responses and Cultural Differences

    ONO Yoshikuni, YAMADA Masahiro

    2016 American Political Science Association Annual Meeting 

    Presentation date： 2016.09

  • Survey Experiments on ‘Don’t know’ Responses: Social Influence on Opinion Formation

    ONO Yoshikuni, TAMADA Masahiro

    2016 Midwest Political Science Association Annual Conference 

    Presentation date： 2016.04

  • Whom Do You Call? An Empirical Test of Political Behavior after Disaster

    ALDRICH Daniel, ONO Yoshikuni

    2016 Southern Political Science Association Annual Conference 

    Presentation date： 2016.01

  • Normalizing Japan? Foreign Threats and the Response of the Japanese Diet

    ONO Yoshikuni, KAGOTANI Koji

    2014 Japan Political Science Association Annual Meeting 

    Presentation date： 2014.10

  • Personal Attributes of Legislators and Their Parliamentary Activities

    ONO Yoshikuni

    2014 American Political Science Association Annual Meeting 

    Presentation date： 2014.08

  • Institutional Rules and Ministerial Appointment

    ONO Yoshikuni

    2013 Midwest Political Science Association Annual Conference 

    Presentation date： 2013.04

▼display all

Research Projects

  • 政治における感情の役割と影響：政治学と社会心理学の視点からの日米比較研究

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業

    Project Year :

    2023.09
    -
    2029.03
     

    尾野 嘉邦

  • Examining the Resource Curse Thesis Through Natural Experiments

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

    Project Year :

    2023.06
    -
    2026.03
     

  • Experimental Empirical Legal Studies

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

    Project Year :

    2021.04
    -
    2026.03
     

  • Comprehensive study of political gender bias

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

    Project Year :

    2020.04
    -
    2025.03
     

  • Experimental Research of Judiciary Politics

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

    Project Year :

    2021.07
    -
    2024.03
     

  • The effects of visual image on political behavior

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

    Project Year :

    2019.04
    -
    2024.03
     

  • 日本から世界への「行動政治学」の発信：オンライン実験による非合理的政治行動の研究

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業

    Project Year :

    2019.04
    -
    2024.03
     

    福元 健太郎, 稲増 一憲, 遠藤 晶久, 尾野 嘉邦, 善教 将大, 肥前 洋一, 三輪 洋文

    　View Summary

    福元と三輪は、人が政党の数を認知する時に、有効政党数を用いているかを検討する実験を実施した。具体的には、様々な分布の政党の得票率を見せて、選挙制度や政党名を変えつつ、被験者が政党は実質上いくつあると思うかを尋ねた。稲増は、2月にWeb調査実験を実施し、群ごとに政治に関連する異なる事項を説明させたところ、説明内容により政治的有効性感覚の変化量が異なることが分かった。遠藤は、日本の女性議員の過少代表をめぐる問題について、日本の女性議員の割合について正確な情報提示があった場合に女性代表についての意見を変更するかについての実験と、候補者の性別が投票先と当選可能性に与える影響を検討するコンジョイント実験を行った。尾野は、有権者が選ぶ候補者に選挙制度がいかなる影響を与えるのかを解明するために、日本人有権者を対象とし、選挙制度を操作したコンジョイント実験を実施した。選挙制度によって、有権者の選好とは独立に、選出される政治家の男女比がどのように異なるのか示すための第一歩となる実験である。善教は、10月31日に衆議院選挙があったことを利用し、選挙結果が有権者の意識、特に国政の政治家への委任意識に与える影響を、選挙前後に同じ内容のコンジョイント実験を行うことにより分析した。肥前は、住民ごとに影響の大きさが異なる政策の賛否を問う住民投票のシナリオを提示し、住民ごとに票数を違える投票方式を採用することが適切か否かを回答者に評価してもらうウェブ調査実験を実施した。三輪は、研究協力者の小椋と共同で、日米の有権者を対象に、政策的主張の発信者の性別によって主張への支持が異なるかを検証する実験を行った。また、日本の有権者のポピュリスト政治家への認識や選好を測定する実験も行った。
    11月6・7日に実験実施前公開研究集会を開き、代表者・分担者の全員が報告を行った。部外者から27人参加申し込みがあった。

  • 若年層の政治態度に関する理論的・実証的研究

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業

    Project Year :

    2018.04
    -
    2023.03
     

    谷口 将紀, 川出 良枝, 杉田 敦, 犬塚 元, 上神 貴佳, 尾野 嘉邦, 川崎 修, 早川 誠

    　View Summary

    本研究の具体的な研究項目は、①思想・実証双方のアプローチにおける若年層の感情・認知・行動研究の綜合、②実務家に対するヒアリングを通じた社会的レレヴァンスを伴う理論構築、③若年層の政治参加や市民教育をめぐる諸問題に対する政治思想史・規範理論からの接近、④サーヴェイによる実証，⑤社会的還元を含む幅広い発信、の５つである。
    研究期間の第４年度である２０２１年度は、前年度積み残しになっていた衆議院議員総選挙に際しての有権者意識調査を実施した。性別・年齢。回答者の居住ブロックにより回収目標数を割り付け、さらに与野党の絶対得票率が実際の選挙結果に同じになるようレイキング法により補正を施した結果、長期的党派性（政党支持率）などにおいて概ね肯首しうる結果が得られた。また、項目反応理論の多段階反応モデルにより回答者のイデオロギーを推定した上で、小選挙区と比例代表の投票先を比較したところ、小選挙区では立憲民主党の候補が左寄りの有権者表を固めた上で中道寄りの有権者でも自民党候補に対してそれなりに食い下がっていた、すなわち接戦区が増えた一方で、比例代表では中道付近の有権者層で日本維新の会が得票率を伸ばしており、立憲民主党はボリュームゾーンの中道寄り有権者の相当部分を維新や国民民主党に侵食されたことが明らかになった。その他詳細な分析は、来年度以降に論文として発表する予定である。
    また、昨年度は最終成果の取りまとめに向けた動きを本格化させ、各自が分担箇所の執筆を行うと共に数次にわたる研究会での意見交換を経て、本文原稿を入稿した。

  • Research on underrepresentation of women in politics

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

    Project Year :

    2017.04
    -
    2020.03
     

    Ono Yoshikuni

    　View Summary

    In order to understand the issue of significant underrepresentation of women in politics, this study examined gender differences in the behavior of politicians and candidates by analyzing candidates’ survey responses and election manifestos. In this research, I also conducted multiple survey experiments to find out how candidate gender influences voters’ evaluation and judgment, and under what conditions the evaluation of female candidates changes.

  • Legal Research as Public Policy: Evidence-Based Policy Evaluation

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

    Project Year :

    2016.04
    -
    2020.03
     

    Morita Hatsuru

    　View Summary

    Our research tries to introduce the evidence-based policymaking approach into the area of legal study, where the interpretive method has been prevailing, thereby implementing the "Empirical Legal Studies". Some of our outcomes are the effect or criminal prosecution on physician supply, where we show that the criminal prosecution of physicians in a medical malpractice case can reduce the supply of physicians and exacerbate the medical environment, and the effect of restriction on sexual expression sexual offenses, where we show that the restriction on sexual expression can increase the number of a certain type of sexual offenses. Our research casts a new light on traditional legal studies.

  • Cross-National Comparison in Political Ignorance and Competence among Voters and Political Culture

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

    Project Year :

    2014.04
    -
    2017.03
     

    YAMADA Masahiro, INAMASU Kazunori

    　View Summary

    Based on the survey experiments conducted in Japan and the U.S., we observe several cultural differences in the forming of DK ("Don't Know") responses to political questions. The following are our observations. (1) In Japan, when there is a middle point in the choice for responses, the rate of DK response tends to be lower, but not in the U.S. (2) When the Japanese see the distribution of public opinion, we observe that the rate of DK responses is lower, but this is not true for the U.S. (3) We observe social desirability biases concerning gender and immigrants issues in the U.S., but not in Japan.
    These findings suggest the necessity of examining cultural differences in the forming of political opinions, especially when we focus on social desirability biases. Whether social desirability biases influence some issues depends on the cultural context.

  • Analyzing Political Activities of Legislators in Japan

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)

    Project Year :

    2014.04
    -
    2017.03
     

    Ono Yoshikuni, Burden Barry C., Aldrich Daniel P.

    　View Summary

    This research examined various activities of political actors both at the national and local levels. To understand differences across political actors, I collected and analyzed data of their legislative activities. Furthermore, I conducted a survey of local assembly members in the Tohoku region. The results of my research demonstrated that the personal attributes of political actors affect their choice of activities in the legislature and in their electoral districts. I also ran some survey experiments in Japan as well as in the United States to figure out factors that influence voter choice of electoral candidates.

  • Japanese Electoral Studies 2012-2016

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

    Project Year :

    2012
    -
    2016
     

    KOBAYASHI Yoshiaki, HIRANO Hiroshi, TANIGUSHI Masaki, YAMADA Masahiro, NATORI Ryota, IIDA Takeshi, ONO Yoshikuni, MCELWAIN Kenneth, MATSUBAYASHI Tetsuya, TSUKIYAMA Hiroki

    　View Summary

    This research project has already conducted 18 surveys (14 Japanese national surveys, 3 Japanese local surveys, 1 international comparative survey) in 3 years since its start year beyond our first plan of conducting 8 surveys in 5 years. It could cover all the three national elections during the project and collect precious opinion poll data.
    We have produces the following New Knowledge and Academic Impact in Political Science.
    (1) From Voting Behavior Studies to Democracy Studies: Multiple Data Analysis
    While previous election studies have treated voting behavior as an explained variable and analyzed voters’ opinions only by using opinion poll data, this study widened the focus to the functions of representative democracy combining the survey data with election bulletin data and congressional records data. As a result, we contributed to develop the conventional election studies into a study of representative democracy.
    (2) Comparative Politics of Representative Democracy in Japan, the U.S. and South Korea: From External Comparison to Substantive Comparison
    The problems on the functions of representative democracy are not peculiar to Japan. Having conducted similar analyses in the U.S. and South Korea, we found that there are similar problems in those countries. Particularly, South Korea showed more differences between election bulletin and congressional behavior than Japan does so. Also, when we compare the results in the three countries, we found that each country has a different characteristic on the functions of representative democracy.
    (3) The Analysis of Representative Democracy at Local Government in Japan
    Because voters’ opinions are shaped not only at national level but also at local level, we expanded our scope of research from national level to local level. Particularly, we analyzed the congruency between congress people’s manifestos and approvals toward ordinances in local government which satisfies specific conditions such as whether it implements a manifesto system and publicizes congressional records in preliminary and committees.
    (4) Formation and Transformation of Political Attitudes
    This project inherits the foundation of 40 years long national and time-series study of voting behavior in Japan, and attempts to clarify the formation and transformation of political attitudes. Through the above analyses, the number of academic presentations, articles, and books on voting behavior in total has gradually increased since 2011 when we first launched the project. Specifically, the number of presentations grew by 383 %, articles by 118%, and whole works (including books) by 218% since 2011.
    (5) Establishment of New Research Method by Multimethod Comparison
    Specifically, we compared the results of political support and satisfaction and reexamined the differences, if any, by separating each sample by social attributes such as gender, age, and the size of city so that we could find any bias in different survey methods. As a result, we found that, compared to the interview, the mailing has the largest bias in public opinion and social attributes, while the Internet had a smaller bias and only showed a little bit lower political satisfaction. Meanwhile, to examine a bias in “self-selection,” we estimated a bias in political consciousness within the segments of several social attributes.
    (6) Construction of Database
    We installed our data including election bulletin data, congressional records data, and election outcomes data by cities in XML files and created a system in which one can access the data in seven languages (Japanese, English, Chinese, Korean, Russian, Indonesian, and Malay). In doing so, we succeeded in receiving several offers from research institutions abroad and constructing an international network of joint research.

  • NPOと立法過程

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業 特別研究員奨励費

    Project Year :

    2001
    -
    2002
     

    尾野 嘉邦

    　View Summary

    1.政治学関係図書・資料を収集し、それをもとにして政治理論の研究及び既存の立法過程研究・利益集団研究の分析を行った。
    2.NPOが立法過程に影響を及ぼしているいくつかの事例について、昨年に引き続き、資料の収集や情報の収集を行うとともに、複数の政治家をはじめ政党スタッフ、NPO関係者などに対してヒアリング調査を行い、詳細に記録した。
    3.それらの一部をもとにした研究成果を、紀要(『国家学会雑誌』)に寄稿した。
    4.これまで集めたNPOや利益集団等に関する各種資料について、統計ソフト等を用いた計量分析を行うために、デジタルデータ化を行うとともに、コード化及びデータベース化を行った。
    5.統計ソフトなどを用いて、以前のプロジェクトで作成したデータベースと、新たに作成したデータベースとの整合性について検討した。
    6.重回帰分析やゲーム理論、複雑系モデルといった計量分析や数理モデルの研究手法についての関連図書及び資料を収集した。
    7.アメリカ国内のいくつかの都市及び研究機関に赴き、NPOや利益集団などの実態の調査や関係資料・文献の収集を行うとともに、関係者へのインタビューを実施した。あわせて計量分析や数理モデルなどの研究手法について、現地の研究者と意見交換を行い、立法過程研究への適応可能性について検討した。
    8.海外における調査を踏まえて、国内のNPOや利益集団などの実態の調査を行うとともに、関係者へのインタビューを実施した。

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Misc

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Syllabus

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Sub-affiliation

  • Faculty of Social Sciences   School of Social Sciences

Internal Special Research Projects

  • 候補者評価と投票行動の実験分析

    2023   Charles McClean, Charles Crabtree, Akira Igarashi, Hirofumi Miwa, Masahiko Asano

    　View Summary

    政治家の性別や年齢、学歴、容姿などによって有権者の投票行動がどのように変わるのか、そしてどのようなメカニズムでその変化が起こるのかについて検証するために、オンラインによるサーベイ実験を行った。また、選挙公報などに掲載される政治家たちの顔写真に焦点を当てて、それらの写真を表情解析ソフトなどで分析し、どのような候補者がどのような表情で有権者の関心を引き付けようとしているのか、また視線計測装置を用いて、有権者が顔のどこに目を向けるのかについて検証を行った。それらの研究結果について、アメリカ政治学会や日本政治学会を始め、立命館大学、韓国の成均館大学校などで発表した。このほか、顔の構造や輪郭をそのままに、若年・中年・高齢に見えるように、候補者を装ったモデルの顔写真を操作し、日本人有権者らにそれを評価させるという実験を行った結果についての論文が、Political Behavior誌にアクセプトされた。

  • 有権者の認知バイアスと投票⾏動

    2022   Yusaku Horiuchi, Akira Igarashi, Hirofumi Miwa

    　View Summary

    日本人有権者が女性や世襲の政治家たちに対してどのようなステレオタイプやバイアスを抱き、それが政治家や候補者の評価にどう結びついているのかについて、オンラインによるサーベイを行い、その研究成果に基づく論文がJournal of Women, Politics &amp; Policy誌やAsian Journal of Comparative Politics誌にアクセプトされた。また、候補者たちの選挙公報のテキストデータを分析し、男女の候補者で選挙公報の内容に差異があるかどうか、さらには選挙制度改革前後でそのパターンに変化が生じたかどうかを検証し、その研究成果に基づく論文が、Politics, Groups, and Identities誌にアクセプトされた。。この他、移民や難民受け入れに対する有権者の態度についてのサーベイ実験を実施し、その研究成果に基づく論文がResearch and Politics誌やJournal of East Asian Studies誌にアクセプトされた。

  • 有権者の認知バイアスと投票行動

    2021   Michael A. Zilis, Yusaku Horiuchi, Akira Igarashi, Hirofumi Miwa, Makoto Kakinaka

    　View Summary

    裁判官の性別や人種といった属性によって、裁判官自身や彼らが下した判決に対する有権者の信頼感がどう変わるのかについてサーベイ実験を行い、その成果に基づく論文がPolitics, Groups, and Identities誌にアクセプトされた。この研究成果は、米国最高裁判事の指名のニュースに関連して、アメリカのメディアでも取り上げられた。この他、移民や難民受け入れに対する有権者の態度についてのサーベイ実験を実施し、その研究成果に基づく論文がJournal of Peace Research誌やInternational Migration誌などにアクセプトされた。

  • 政治的ジェンダーバイアスの包括的研究

    2020   Barry Burden, Michael A. Zilis

    　View Summary

    大多数の有権者は、議会で何人の女性が当選したかを過大に評価しており、そうした誤った認識を持つ有権者の割合は、若い世代ほど多いことを明らかにした研究が、Public Opinion Quarterly誌に掲載されることが決まった。このほか、裁判官の性別や人種といった属性が、司法の公平性に対する人々の認識に与える影響についてサーベイ実験を行い、その研究成果がAmerican Journal of Political Science誌に掲載されることが決まった。