The Common Gas Market of the Eurasian Economic Union: Progress and Prospects for the Institutionalisation.
SHADRINA Elena
Regional Studies of Russia, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia
7
(
1
)
105-137
2018
[Refereed]
Inclusive Economic Growth: Comparing Achievements of Russia, Central Asia and Caucasus.
SHADRINA Elena
Meiji Journal of Governance Studies
13
91-119
2017
[Refereed]
A Comparative Check on Inclusiveness of Economic Growth and Development: Russia vis-à-vis some Post-Soviet Economies.
SHADRINA Elena
Journal of Siberian and Far Eastern Studies
16
(
8-45
)
2017
[Refereed]
Russia's Oil and Gas for Northeast Asian Markets: Means and Ways vs Realities.
Journal of Self-Governance and Management Economics.
5
(
1
)
34
-
79
2017
[Refereed]
Russia’s Energy Export: Analytical Observations and Some Tentative Prospects.
SHADRINA Elena
Meiji Journal of Governance Studies
12
83-98
2016
[Refereed]
Choices to Diversify: EU’s Regulations, Sanctions and Russia’s Gas Policy.
SHADRINA Elena
Near East University Journal of Social Sciences.
IX
(
1
)
45-8
2016
[Refereed]
Oil prices and Sanctions: Impact of External Factors on Russia's Economic Growth. Association of Comparative Economic Systems. 56th Annual Conference. Hirosaki University. June 4-5,2016.
2016
“Country Analyst for PRIX Index on politics and oil exports”
2016
[Invited]
External Factors for Russia's Economic Growth. An Overview of Relevant Theoretical and Empirical Studies.
Journal of Siberian and Far Eastern Studies
14
30
-
71
2016
[Refereed]
Institutional Transformations in Russia’s Gas Policy: Impact of the Ukrainian Crisis.
SHADRINA Elena
Journal of Governance Studies. Graduate School of Governance Studies Meiji University
11
95-128
2015
[Refereed]
Turkish Stream for Russia's Eurasian Gas Policy.
2015
Institutional Transformations in Russia's Gas Policy: Impact of the Ukranian Crisis.
2015
ウクライナ危機がロシアのエネルギー政策に与える影響:北東アジアでのロシアの天然ガス政策を中心に. ERINA REPORT. No. 124, June 2015. pp. 21-22, 34 (Japanese)
2015
Shifts in Russia’s Pipeline Gas Policy: An Insight into Premises and Consequences. Journal of Siberian and Far Eastern Studies. No. 12, 2015, pp. 8-43.
2015
[Refereed]
[Invited]
Russia's Pivot to Asia: Rationale, Progress and Prospects for Oil and Gas Cooperation
Region. Regional Studies of Russia, Eastern Europe and Central Asia
2015
(
4
)
95-128
2015
[Refereed]
Russia's natural gas policy toward Northeast Asia: Rationales, objectives and institutions
Elena Shadrina
ENERGY POLICY
74
54
-
67
2014.11
[Refereed]
View Summary
The article examines the institutional dimensions of Russia's gas policy toward Northeast Asia (NEA(1) During the liberal economic reforms of the 1990s, development of natural gas deposits in the Russian Far East was made possible under the scheme of production sharing agreements (PSA). However, new PSAs were banned in Russia even before the advent of state capitalism in the early 2000s. This was, to a large extent, the result of strong anti-PSA lobbying led by the domestic energy business elite. Consequently, Russia's gas policy in the east began evolving from being project-specific toward being region-specific. Contemporary Russian gas policy toward NEA relies upon domestic (national and regional) and external institutions. In 2009, following the completion of a liquefied natural gas (LNG) plant in Sakhalin, Russia entered NEA gas markets. Transformations in the international gas markets facilitated the establishment of a two-pattern gas export policy in Russia in 2013. Under this policy, Russia's EU-oriented pipeline gas export remains monopolised by Gazprom, while Asia-oriented LNG export is partially liberalised. Russia has not been experiencing institutional discrepancy in NEA gas markets. However, as the markets evolve toward greater coordination, a rational option for Russia is to genuinely liberalise its gas policy. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
A Tokyo-based economist and a noted western economic geographer, both specializing in the hydrocarbon resources of Russia, apply the framework of governance studies in an effort to gain a deeper understanding of the recent changes in the country's energy policy-making. The authors argue that, unlike the international relations paradigm prevailing in studies of Russia's energy policy, the country's multiple roles in the international energy arena (as producer, consumer, exporter, importer, and transit state) warrant a more nuanced approach, reflecting Russian energy policy's flexibility over time and diversity across space. This paper endeavors, therefore, to apply a political economy and governance perspective to an understanding of the significant changes in Russia's energy policy-making regarding its dynamic energy relations with the Northeast Asia (NEA; China, Japan, and South Korea). In exploring the complex interactions between Russia's internal energy policy-making and its emerging energy relations in NEA, the authors addresses three key questions, namely: (1) how Russia's Asian energy policy corresponds to its domestic needs, (2) how much coherence in energy governance and cooperation exists between Russia and the Northeast Asian states at the institutional and organizational levels, and (3) the extent to which Russia's expectations for increased energy cooperation with the Northeast Asian states are likely to materialize.
Russia's Oil and Gas in Northeast Asia: Fait Accompli. Fait Favorable?
Proceedings of 4th Humanities Korea International Conference "Changes and Challenges in Glocalising Russia and Northeast Asia". Institute of Russia Studies Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul
2013
2013.10
[Refereed]
[Invited]
State Capitalism and Russia's Energy Policy in Northeast Asia.
Near East University Journal of Social Sciences.
VI
(
2
)
65-123
2013.10
Russia's state capitalism and energy geopolitics of Northeast Asia.
Turku School of Economics, Pan European Institute, Finland.
PEI. 2013
2013.01
Russia’s Energy Governance in Transition: Explaining New Direction.
Journal of Governance Studies. Graduate School of Governance Studies Meiji University(forthcoming).
1
(
1
)
49-75
2013
Russia's Oil and Gas in Northaest Asia: Institutional Setting and Policy Implications.
2013
(
II
)
2-3
-
135-161
2013
[Refereed]
Japanese Energy Policy after Fukushima. Transition or U-turn?
Journal of Governance Studies. Graduate School of Governance Studies Meiji University
2013
(
9
)
-
31-72
2013
Deregulation of Japanese Electricity Market after Fukushima.
Oil, Gas and Energy Law Intelligence. Special Issue Nuclear Law and Policy.
2013
(
11
)
1
-
1-25
2013
[Refereed]
Fukushima Fallout: Gauging the Change in Japanese Nuclear Energy Policy
Elena Shadrina
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK SCIENCE
3
(
2
)
69
-
83
2012.06
View Summary
The Fukushima nuclear disaster is a special case: a major twin natural disaster (earthquake and tsunami) incited a large-scale technological disaster, which resulted in a serious nuclear accident. Because the various costs are so tremendous, this triple disaster has had a pervasive impact on all aspects of life in Japan. This article describes nuclear energy policy transformation in the aftermath of the Fukushim a disaster. The study draws on theoretical propositions of governance and disaster risk governance, and demonstrates that a vested interest perspective is important to understanding the results of Japan's energy policy before Fukushima. Safety, democracy, and openness were the fundamental principles of Japan's nuclear energy policy when the country decided to diversify its energy sources in the 1950s. But these basic premises were undermined by the vested interests that controlled policy administration and implementation as the nuclear energy industry developed. Analysis of Japan's recent nuclear energy policy transformation covers such dimensions as policy targets, policy issues such as safety, the fuel cycle, waste disposal, administrative structure, public awareness, and national and local policy considerations. The study identifies process deficiencies in Japan's post-Fukushima nuclear energy policy transformation and evaluates possible ways to eliminate defects through administrative reorganization and independent safety oversight.
Government and Governance: Traditional and Novel Research Agenda.
2012
Japan's Pre- and Post-3/11 Energy Policy: Distressing Lessons and Blurred Prospects.
Near East University Journal of Social Sciences, October, 2012. pp. 94-136
Vol.V
(
No. 2
)
2012
Russia`s Foreign Energy Policy: Paradigm Shifts within the Geographical Context of Europe, Central Eurasia and Northeast Asia
Norwegian Institute for Defence Studies.
IFS Insights. 11.2010
2010.11
Russia's Foreign Policy: Norms, Ideas and Driving Dynamics
Turku School of Economics, Pan European Institute
PEI 2010
2010
Modelss for Post-Crisis Development: Global War or New Consensus
2010
[Invited]
Russia and the “Great Recession”
Intenrational Affairs.
No. 2
2010
Russia’s New Energy Strategy 2030: Reflections on Novelty, Impediments and Implications.
Oil, Gas and Energy Law Intelligence. 2009
Vol. 7 – Issue 4.
2009
Japan`s Energy Relations with Russia and Kazakhstan.
Shingetsu Electronic Journal of Japanese-Islamic Relations (SEJJIR). March 2009. pp. 64-94
Vol. 5
2009
『石油分野における日露間の協力: 現状・展望・提言集』
2008.11
Environmentally Friendly Tourism and Emission Free Activities.
5th International Forum on Northeast Asia Tourism (IFNAT) & Eastern Circle in Ulaanbaatar
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
2008.10
Considerations of Sustainable Development in Japan's RTA.
Workshop on Sustainability in FTAs.
NDRC,China.
2008.06
Russia`s Energy Efficiency and Conservation Policy: Analytical Notes in the Light of the 2008 G8 Summit.
Submitted to the Northeast Asia Economic Forum.
2008.03
Staying West. Going East. Russia`s energy politics
Pan-European Institute 20th Anniversary Conference Energy Challenges in Northern Europe, November 27-30, 2008, Turku, Finland. Conference proceedings.
2008
Energy Policy as a Factor of Regional Cooperation in Northeast Asia.
Gendai shyakai bunka kenkyuu (Journal of Niigata University Graduate School of Modern Society and Culture). 2008. pp. 167-200.
No. 42.
2008
Energy Cooperation in NEA: an Insight into Frameworks and Dimensions.
Journal of Northeast Asian Studies. 2008. pp. 143-159.
Vol. 14.
2008
Energy Cooperation Impact on Integration: EU Experience’s Applicability for Northeast Asia.
13th Conference of the The Association for the Japan Sea Rim Studies.
2007.12
Regionalism and Energy Cooperation: in Attempt to Look at NEA through Comparative Prism.
Gendai shyakai bunka kenkyuu (Journal of Niigata University Graduate School of Modern Society and Culture). 2007. pp. 189-222.
(
No. 39.
)
2007
Regionalization and Regionalism: Featuring Northeast Asia.
Gendai shyakai bunka kenkyuu (Journal of Niigata University Graduate School of Modern Society and Culture). pp. 403-436.
(
No. 37
)
2006
Is Pacific Oil Pipeline to Breathe New Life into the Far Eastern economy?
Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Japan Institute of International Affairs.
Report 2004
2005.03
Energy cooperation in Northeast Asia as an Impetus for intraregional Integration
The Journal of Economics. Niigata University. The Society of Economics in Niigata University. Niigata, Japan.
(
No. 78
)
2005.03
Energy Cooperation in Northeast Asia.
The Japan Institute of International Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. Tokyo.
JIIA
2004
The Problems and Economic Outcome Associated with Construction of Trans-Siberian Pipeline (from the Russian Far East’s standpoint) (Part I, II)
Khabarovsk State Academy of Economics and Law Herald, KHAEL.
(
No 1, 3
)
2004
Japan’s Oil Policy: A Changing Stance? )
Khabarovsk State Academy of Economics and Law Herald, KHAEL.
No 2
2004
Renewable Energy in Central Asian Economies: Role in Reducing Regional Energy Insecurity
SHADRINA Elena(
Part:
Contributor, In “Energy Insecurity in Asia: Challenges, Solutions, and Renewable Energy”, Naoyuki Yoshino, Farhad Taghizadeh-Hesary, Young Ho Chang, and Thai-Ha Le, eds.)
ADBI Press
2020
Energy Integration in the Eurasian Economic Union: A Preliminary Study on Progress and Policy Implications
SHADRINA Elena(
Part:
Contributor, In “Economies, Politics and Societies in the Post-Communist Countries: Thirty Years since the Fall of the Berlin Wall”, eds. Gennadi Kazakevitch and Alexandr Akimov.)
Palgrave Macmillan
2020
Energy Cooperation and Security in Central Asia: The Possible Synergy between Hydrocarbon Rich and Water Rich Countries
SHADRINA Elena(
Part:
Contributor, In “Achieving Energy Security in Asia: Diversification, Integration, and Policy Implications” ed. by Farhad Taghizadeh-Hesary, Naoyuki Yoshino, Young Ho Chang and Aladdin Rillo.)
World Scientific Press
2019
“Institutionalisation of the Common Gas Market in the Context of Institutional Evolution of the Eurasian Economic Union” in Energy Policy: Perspectives, Challenges and Future Directions/ ed. by Sreekanth. K. J.
SHADRINA Elena(
Part:
Contributor, ISBN 978-1-53613-744-6)
Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
2018.06
Shifts in Russia's Foreign Energy Strategy in "Energy Security in Northeast Asia"
Russia`s Role in Northeast Asia Economies` Development. Khabarovsk: Khabarovsk State Academy of Economics and Law, 2007. 218 p. (in Russian).
Lysenko Vladimir, Shlyk Nadezhda(
Part:
Joint author, Chapter 2. “Russia`s Economic Cooperation with Northeast Asian States”. pp. 43-87)
2007
Asia-Pacific Regionalization: Russia’s Involvement. Khabarovsk: Publishing House of the Far Eastern State Transport University, 2006. 160 p. (in Russian).
Bury Anatoly, Kochemasova Anna(
Part:
Joint author, Section 1.1. “Globalization of World Economy”; Section 1.2. “Concepts and Grounds for Asia-Pacific Regionalism” in Chapter 1. “Asia-Pacific Region in the Globalizing World” (pp. 5-18); Chapter 3. “Russia and Northeast Asia: Perspectives for Closer Integra)
極東鉄道輸送国立大学、ハバロフスク
2006
Russian-Japanese trade: current state and prospects. Vladivostok: Publishing House of Fareast University, 2003. 248 p. (in Russian).
(
Part:
Sole author)
2003
Challenges to Russia's Gas Export Diversification. Asian Gas Infrastructure Conference. Singapore. 18-19 November 2015.
Post-Soviet Integration: Case of Eurasian Economic Union. 17th Asia Pacific Conference 2019 “Governance in the Asia Pacific: Politics, Economics, Business and Environment”. Beppu, Japan, November 30 - December 1, 2019.
SHADRINA Elena
Presentation date:
2019.12
What to Expect for Russia-Japan Relations: Contemplation against a Backdrop of Social and Economic Situation in Russia. Public Lecture “Japan and Russia: Contemporary Political, Economic, and Military Relations”. Temple University, ICAS, Tokyo, October 17
SHADRINA Elena
Presentation date:
2019.10
Energy Cooperation and Security in CAREC Region: The Possible Synergy between Hydrocarbon Rich and Water Rich Countries. ADB & CAREC Institute Work-shop: Achieving Energy Security in Asia: Diversification, Cooperation and Renewable Energy. Almaty, Kazakhs
SHADRINA Elena
Presentation date:
2019.10
Eurasian Economic Union: Benefits and Costs of Membership. The XXth East Asian Conference on Slavic Eurasian Studies. Tokyo, June 28 – June 30, 2019
SHADRINA Elena
Presentation date:
2019.06
Energy Integration in the Eurasian Economic Union: Progress, Asymmetry of Interests and Implications for the European Union. Australasian Association for Communist and Post-Communist Studies 14th Biennial Conference. Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus
SHADRINA Elena
Presentation date:
2019.02
Policies to Promote Renewable Energy and Enhance Energy Security in Central Asia. Session 8: Roundtable Discussion. ADB & CAREC Institute Workshop: Achieving Energy Security in Central Asia: Role of Renewable Energy. Baku, Azerbaijan. March 13, 2018.
SHADRINA Elena
Presentation date:
2018.03
Renewable Energy in Central Asia: Current Role and Possibilities for Regional Cooperation. Session 6: Enhancing Regional Power Trade in Central Asia: Role of Regional Integration and Cooperation. ADB & CAREC Institute Workshop: Achieving Energy Security i
SHADRINA Elena
Presentation date:
2018.03
Institutionalisation of the Common Gas Market of the Eurasian Economic Union: Actors, Interests and Progress. The 8th East Asian Conference “Conflict and Harmony in Eurasia in the 21st Century: Dynamics and Aesthetics”. Seoul, South Korea. June 3-4, 2017.
SHADRINA Elena
Presentation date:
2017.06
Powers and/or Streams: Russia’s Gas Strategies in Asia and Europe. European Gas Transmission Conference. Berlin, Germany. November 3-4, 2016.
SHADRINA Elena
Presentation date:
2016.11
Energy Resources for Russian Economy: Curse, Addiction or…? Energetika XXI: Economy, Policy, Ecology. The Role for Russian Resources under Changed Energy Prices and De-carbonization. Saint Petersburg. November 9-11, 2016.
SHADRINA Elena
Presentation date:
2016.11
Inclusive Economic Growth: Comparing Achievements and Prospects of Russia, Central Asia and Caucasus. The 7th East Asian Conference on Slavic-Eurasian Studies. New Opportunities and New Challenges in the Greater Eurasia. Shanghai, China. September 25-25,
SHADRINA Elena
Presentation date:
2016.09
Innovation for Empire: Pre-war Japan’s Search for Alternative Liquid Fuel and Its Post-war Legacies Technology, Innovation, and Sustainability: Historical and Contemporary Narratives. Session S3D “From Grey to Green: Sustainable Energy”. ICOHTEC. 43th Ann
SHADRINA Elena
Presentation date:
2016.07
Oil prices and Sanctions: Impact of External Factors on Russia’s Economic Growth. Association of Comparative Economic Systems. 56th Annual Conference. Hirosaki University. June 4-5, 2016.
SHADRINA Elena
Presentation date:
2016.06
Challenges to Russia’s Gas Export Diversification. Asian Gas Infrastructure Conference. Singapore. 18-19 November 2015.
SHADRINA Elena
Presentation date:
2015.11
Choices to Diversify: EU’s Regulations, Sanctions and Russia’s Gas Policy. Panel I-4-26 “Theorising Russia’s Resources and Rules: Choices in Changing Global Energy Markets” IX ICCEES World Congress, Makuhari, Japan. August 3-8, 2015
SHADRINA Elena
Presentation date:
2015.08
Turkish Stream for Russia’s Pivot to Asia. Eurasian Natural Gas Infrastructure Conference. Istanbul, Turkey. 9-10 June 2015.
SHADRINA Elena
Presentation date:
2015.06
Impact of the Ukrainian Crisis on Russia’s Energy Policy Towards Northeast Asia. ERINA, Niigata. February 27, 2015.
SHADRINA Elena
Presentation date:
2015.02
Russia’s Gas Policy in Asia: The Driving Forces and the Nature of Institutional Changes. 14th International Academic Conference. Malta, 28-31 October 2014.
SHADRINA Elena
Presentation date:
2014.10
Russia’s Dilemmas in China’s Gas Market. IV International Conference "Eastern Siberia and Russian Far East Oil and Gas", Moscow, 17-18 April 2014.
SHADRINA Elena
Presentation date:
2014.04
Russia’s Gas in Northeast Asia: Fait accompli. Fait Favorable? 4th Humanities Korea International Conference “Changes and Challenges in Glocalizing Russia and Northeast Asia” Institute of Russian Studies Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul, Korea,
SHADRINA Elena
Presentation date:
2013.10
Russia’s Gas Policy in Northeast Asia. 13th Annual Aleksanteri Conference in Helsinki “Russia and the World”, Panel 2C “Russia's energy foreign policy between Eastern and Western vector”, Helsinki, Finland. October 24, 2013
SHADRINA Elena
Presentation date:
2013.10
Forecast for China's Gas Supply and Demand. Quantitative Parameters of Russian Gas Supply to China. 17th Annual Sakhalin Oil & Gas Conference Session “The Transformation of Global Energy Markets”, September 23-26, 2013, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Russia.
SHADRINA Elena
Presentation date:
2013.09
日露間の領土問題、ロシアの認識.
成田社会人大学.
Presentation date:
2013.07
Japan-Russia Territorial Dispute. Perceptions in Russia’s West and East. Guest Lecture at Narita University, Japan (日露間の領土問題、ロシアの西と東で認識. 成田社会人大学), July 13, 2013.
SHADRINA Elena
Presentation date:
2013.07
Russia’s Oil and Gas in Northeast Asia: Inter-regional and Intra-Regional Comparisons// Symposium “European and Asian Energy Markets: Too Many or Too Few Institutions?” April 9-10, 2013, Tokyo.
SHADRINA Elena
Presentation date:
2013.04
Russia’s Energy Governance Transition: Focus on the Far East.
Conference “Energy Transitions: Regulation of Energy Markets at National, European And International Levels”. University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland.
Presentation date:
2013.03
Russia’s State Capitalism and Energy Geopolitics of Northeast Asia. Panel 22 “National and Transnational Dimensions of Russia’s Relations in the Asian Region”.
Conference “Competition and Good Society – The Eastern Model” Aleksanteri Institute, Helsinki.
Presentation date:
2012.11
apan's Pre- and Post-3/11 Energy Policy: Distressing Lessons and Blurred Prospects.
Annual Meeting of Association of American Geographers. New York, NY
Presentation date:
2012.02
Kyrgyzstan’s Way Toward Sustained Growth and Sustainable Development.
National Institute for Strategic Studies of the Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek.
Presentation date:
2012.02
Russia’s Energy Governance Transition in the XXIst Century: The Narrative of the (Clumsy) Bear and the (Canny) Dragon.
Conference “The Dragon and the Bear: Strategic Choices of China and Russia” Aleksanteri Institute, Panel 13 “Energy Governance Challenges”. Helsinki
Presentation date:
2011.11
Russia’s Energy Strategy towards Northeast Asia.
Seminar at the Norwegian Institute for Defence Studies “Russian Foreign Energy Policy: Politics or Economics?” Oslo, Norway.
Presentation date:
2010.04
EU- Russia Dialogue: Lines of Separation & Points of Cohesion// Deepened EU- Russia Dialogue. Meeting of the Permanent EU – Russian Working Group. Panel 3: Economic Dialogue and Political/ Security Issues: Separation or Tangle?
Energy Dialogue. Vienna, Austria.
Presentation date:
2010.02
Energy cooperation in Northeast Asia: Impact on region formation.
Seminar at the Norwegian Institute for Defence Studies, Oslo, Norway
Presentation date:
2009.11
Staying West. Going East... Russia`s Energy Politics.
Pan-European Institute 20th Anniversary Conference Energy Challenges in Northern Europe. Turku, Finland.
Presentation date:
2008.11
Environmentally Friendly Tourism and Emission Free Activities.
The 5th International Forum on Northeast Asia Tourism (IFNAT) & Eastern Circle in Ulaanbaatar. Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
Presentation date:
2008.10
Considerations of Sustainable Development in Japan’s Regional Trade Agreements.
The Roundtable Workshop on Sustainability in Free Trade Agreements. Institute for International Economic Research National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC). Beijing, China.
Presentation date:
2008.06
Russia`s Northeast Asia Energy Efficiency and Conservation Policy
2008 Working Group on Energy Cooperation in Northeast Asia, by the Northeast Asia Economic Forum (NEAEF), Honolulu, Hawaii.
Presentation date:
2008.03
Energy Cooperation Impact on Integration: EU`s Experience Applicability for Northeast Asia.
13th Conference of the Association for Pacific Rim Studies, Oita, Japan.
Presentation date:
2007.12
Energy Cooperation in NEA: Speculating about its Integrative Impact
Young Leaders Training and Research Program in Re-gional Cooperation and Development. Toyama city, Japan.
Presentation date:
2007.10
Energy Cooperation in Northeast Asia.
Japan Institute of International Affairs (JIIA), Tokyo, Japan.
Several post-Soviet economies, including Russia, are fossil fuels-exporting countries. The reliance of these economies on energy exports varies from being significant (e.g., Russia) to critical (e.g., Turkmenistan). The global energy transition translates into the thinning energy export revenues and prohibitively high costs of energy-intensive finished goods’ export. Both aspects are peculiar to the countries at study. However, energy transition not only challenges the economic sustainability of these countries but threatens the very existence of their established political regimes. The study examines the effects of the energy transition on these energy-producing economies, as well as analyses the national energy strategies for their adequacy in helping these post-Soviet regimes to adapt to the cardinally changing global context.
Whathappens to economic performance in abundantly endowed by energy resources countrieswith strong state? The proposed research project addressed this question in thecontext of hydrocarbon resources-rich post-Soviet economies: Azerbaijan,Kazakhstan, Russia and Turkmenistan. The project aimed at examining empirically the contribution of two groups of factors – energy and institutions - toeconomic performance.
Theproject aimed at examining the changes in the patterns of the hierarchical urbansystems in Russia. An urban agglomeration is invigorated by Dixit-Stiglitz typemonopolistic competition based on product differentiation and increasingreturns to scale (Fujita, Krugman & Venables 1999, Fujita & Thisse2002). In the Soviet practice, a corporate town, so-called monotown was foundedas a home to a limited number of specialised firms. The latter were functioningunder the principles of the centrally planned socialist economy (e.g.,non-existence of price signal). Such monotowns have been facing largerchallenges once the market transition began. The objectives of this project were: 1) to conduct comprehensive literature survey on the post-Soviettransformations of monotowns; 2) to compare principal findings in the existingresearch on monotowns with the theoretical and empirical research on thehierarchical urban systems; and 3) to run the empirical analysis of the effectsof market transition on the changes occurring in monotowns in relation to theirpopulation size, specialization of economic activity and economic performanceof urban systems.
The project aimedat analysing the effects of participation in the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU)on the economies of five member-states: Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan,Kyrgyzstan and Russia. Although the economicsignificance of Europe for Russia by far outweighs that of Eurasia, theimportance of Eurasia has been reconceptualised in Russian official rhetoric inpost-2014 geopolitical and economic situation. Contrarywise, having gainedeconomic vigour and adopted a multi-vector stance in foreign policy, Kazakhstanhas activated the pursuance of geographic diversification. Similarly, has beenevolving the attitude towards the Eurasian integration of other EAEU member-states,with Russia, nevertheless, remaining their primary economic partner. Since theEAEU is a young integration, a solid quantitative exercise is difficult.Therefore, based upon the review of relevant theoretical and empirical accountson economic integration, the study examined the effects of the EAEU on theintegrated economies, analysing them upon an original set of metrics in severalrealms: intra-EAEU trade, investment, labour mobility and economic andinstitutional convergence. Depending on the direction of the identifiedimpacts, the impacts were provisionally coined the "benefits” and the“costs” of membership.
The project investigated various aspectsof energy - economic performance nexus. Drawing upon theoretical frameworks ofenergy resource endowment, institutions, energy transitions and economicgrowth, this research project empirically examined the interactions betweenfossil fuels and economic performance in the post-Soviet economies. The projectwas extended to include preliminary study on the role of renewable energy inCentral Asian economies. Theproject’s principal outcomes are:(a) development of an originalinterdisciplinary approach for the case of post-Soviet economies;(b) examination of the impacts of energyendowment on economic performance; (c) study of the effects of institutions’quality on economic outcomes;(d) comparative analysis of Eurasianenergy integration vis-à-vis Energy Union of the EU; and(e) analysis of renewable energydevelopment in Central Asian economies.
Drawing upon theoretical frameworks of energy resourceendowment, institutions and economic growth, this research project empiricallyexamined economic performance of hydrocarbons-rich post-Soviet economies withstrong states. Sharing institutional characteristics of coordinated marketeconomies, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Russia and Turkmenistan are similar in thatthey fail to grow steadily and reveal problems with the inclusiveness ofdevelopment.The principal research question of this project was:Is it resource curse or institutional curse that determines the performance offossil fuels-rich economies with strong state? To answer this question, theproject checked relationships between economic growth and development (EGD) andenergy resource (oil and natural gas) endowment, EGD and institutions for asample of post-Soviet economies. Panel data for 1991-2017 were composed based upon open databases of the World Bank, United Nations Comtrade,World Economic Forum, Natural Resource Governance Institution, EurasianDevelopment Bank, Asian Development Bank, Transparency International (CPI), as well as statistical portals of the respectivecountries and other sources (such as state-owned energy companies).
Each group of economies - having and not havingenergy resources – has its pattern of institutional parameters(the rule of law, governance efficiency, etc.). Resource-rich economies tend tounderperform in terms of the quality of institutions as they create regulationscentred on the extraction of rent. The study proved that energy resources can be anadditional supportive factor for economic dynamism provided the globalcommodity markets and external environment are favourable. Yet, a direct relationshipbetween the quality of domestic institutional factors and the sustainability ofeconomic growth and development is confirmed. An important finding is that sinceenergy specialisation determines an export-oriented pattern of a nationaleconomy, it is not only the domestic institutional environment that matters,but the compatibility of institutional environments of the partners. Provisionsfor energy trade and investment are being increasingly incorporated within the supranationaland regional institutional settings, like energy unions or common energymarkets. The economies with monopolised national energy systems, restrictionsin trade and prohibitive regulatory arrangements for investment face growingbarriers in reaching out to their traditional customers. Such reality is likelyto influence the deregulation course in energy exporting economies.