In recent years, a number of local governments and institutions are introducing eco-points and local monetary system specializing in environmental activities as a system to give incentives to citizens' environmental activities. Based on the approaches to reduce environmental loads through eco-points and monetary system in Kitakyushu City, Shinjuku-ku and Kochi Prefecture, this research considers the correlationship between the economical incentives of citizens given by their actions and the amount of reduction of environmental loads expected by the citizen's actions. This paper also reports some methods of approaches to visualize the effects of reducing environmental burden, and sorts out some essential points how environmental activities by citizens are fostered through such approaches.

One of the causes of environmental problems is that environmental loads caused by humans could exceed spatial or temporal areas that are recognizable by human beings. The purpose of this research is to propose a scheme to accurately understand local activities by considering the reality of environmental loads caused by people's living activities. Details include; finding new exchange values for environmental conservation activities (e.g., energy saving, 3R, local cleanup, environmental education) using the "Community currency" method; providing economical incentives to citizens who contribute to those activities; and examining whether the information with Eco-money record/history is an effective environmental indicator to show the degree of contribution to the environment.

Carbon neutral policies towards 2050 are a global challenge and a huge national project in our country. If we consider these policies as a breakdown for each local government, we can say that it is a national greenhouse gas reduction program that compiles greenhouse gas reduction projects of each local government. If the national government is the owner of the program, the current system design may lead to inconsistencies in the setting of targets by each local government in terms of energy conversion and resource supply. Based on the results of the implementation of a carbon neutral policy in Hirono Town, Fukushima Prefecture, we will clarify management issues and examine the prospects for resolving those issues from a P2M perspective.

Today, the concept of 'satoyama' is considered more importantly not only in the context of environmental conservation, but also in a wide variety of issues with which local municipalities are required to deal inclusively. Base on the result of a questionnaire survey, this paper clarifies the actual status of local municipalities dealing with satoyama, and the necessity of introducing program management which enables cross-sectoral endeavors and collaborations, in order to ensure the local sustainability.

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were announced at the United Nations Sustainable Develop-ment Summit. Environment problem including the global warming is a problem to be common for the earth citizen. This examines the management systems of private environmental grant providers (grant issuers) that aid the volunteer activities of non-profit organizations engaged in environmental conservation around the world in order to achieve SDGs, the goals of the international community. In this study, the effectiveness and applicability of the P2M was examined in relation to the state of management in the process of soliciting, selecting, and deciding on grant recipients, among the management of private grant issuers in the field of environmental conservation.

The Teshima Waste Disposal Project is a project to detoxify and recycle the wastes of the Teshima Incident, in which about 900,000 tons of industrial wastes including contaminated soil were illegally dumped in the western part of Teshima, Tonosho-cho, Kagawa Prefecture. Since the settlement of the pollution arbitration in 2000, the project was started with the idea of ”Co-creation” in which the local government and residents are involved as the main actors. In the progress of the project, we have built the local information platform to support the co-creation of residents and the local government by monitoring and sharing the progress of the project through visualization of quantitative data by 3D modeling. In this study, we introduce the specif-ic development specifications of the information visualization system as an example of the implementation of each function in the platform theory, with the aim of providing more practical support for the Teshima project.

In the social problem solving support program, the integrated office needs to take on the task of setting the “outcomes” that are the effects on society. The existence of a PO “Program Officer“ (hereinafter referred to as “PO“) as an administrator is indispensable. In addition, six creative integrated management (profiling, architecture, strategy, platform, life cycle, value index) can be effectively demonstrated to build a program with a high probability of success. Using P2M theory, we verified that these can increase the value of the program and bring about the expected outcome goals to society.

In the tropics, the area covered by degraded and fragmented secondary forests has expanded following forest fires and intensive land-use. We studied a fragmented secondary forest in South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia, to gain ecological information and to quantify the effect of human activities on accumulated biomass and tree composition. A fragmented secondary forest of about 0.5 ha was divided into 27 edge and 18 inside plots with size of 10 mx10 m and the stand biomass, tree composition and human activities were analyzed. Mean aboveground biomass (AGB) in edge and inside plots were 63.2 and 71.2 Mg ha(-1), respectively and the difference was insignificant (t-test: p 0.1), while the Shannon-Wiener index (H') value of the later tended larger than former (t-test: p<0.1). Native trees tended to be more in inside plots comparing with edge plots, and human planted trees were identified in mainly edge plots. There were also large differences in biomass (wood) removal by rural people (1.350 and 0.248 Mg ha(-1) year(-1), respectively). The characteristics of each type of fragmented secondary forest were influenced by the human activity of wood collection: small-diameter trees, which should have been successors to the existing canopy, were frequently removed.

Under the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the world has pledged to "leaving no one behind". Responding to goal No. 7 on the agenda, efforts to provide modern energy to all the world population must be pushed forward. This is important because electrification in the rural area can indirectly support opportunities for social and economic development resulting in an acceleration of the eradication of poverty. The research goal of this study is to contribute insights about the scale of energy demand in unelectrified villages in the Southeast Asian countries and to discuss some factors that might influence the energy demand growth. This is done by making projections based on surveys and interviews, including a time-use survey, in three off-grid villages located in Myanmar, Indonesia, and Laos. Our analysis presented the living condition, highlight the types of energy sources, how, and in what rhythms people use energy on a daily basis in those villages. The demands in each case study villages were then projected based on several constructed scenarios. It was found that the factors of household size, proximity to the city, climate, and topography may influence the present and future growth of energy demands in the villages. The estimated energy demand may be useful for project managers to design a pilot off-grid energy system project in a similar environment and pointed out important factors to consider when formulating off-grid energy policies in the region.

Nine years have passed since the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, but it is still difficult for residents to return to their homes in some municipalities. In addition, it takes 30 to 40 years to deal with the accident, which requires long-term efforts and decision-making across generations. In order to construct such a project for the reconstruction of Fukushima, co-creation project management by multigenerational and diverse actors is necessary. In this research, we analyze project continuity from the viewpoint of P2M, with the aim of realizing social innovation, which is a long-term strategy, through initiatives such as Future Sessions at the Fukushima Study Group.

The SDGs should be a global development goal and a mechanism that takes into account the specific circumstances of the region and its stakeholders. In addition, there is a cumulative element of the activities of individual people and companies, and especially a large scale that can always refer to the SDGs related activity promotion platform, especially the individual initiatives of the SDGs, and facilitate the exchange of information among various stakeholders. The formation of a platform seems to be important. Today, there is a demand for a system that can be operated on an international scale with reasonable costs and human resources, and that can share the existing point systems of local governments and companies. In this paper, we propose a platform implementation that applies technologies such as Blockchain using the P2M method.

Solving social issues requires the participation of many stakeholders, such as the Co-Design method, at each stage of business planning, conception, planning, investment, organization, execution, operation, risk management, etc. At the same time, it will be extremely important to develop platform functions, which are important means to promote stakeholder exchanges and increase knowledge productivity.
In this paper, various functions and platforms must be operated by a PO (Program Officer) that satisfies the above functions. The purpose of the operation is to realize the program mission of the ski model in the 3S system. We thought that such management by PO should be regarded as creative integrated management, and verified it using P2M theory.

By evaluating the environmental and economic efficiency of the Teshima waste disposal project related to the removal and treatment of industrial waste in the Teshima Incident, which is one of the largest cases of illegal dumping in Japan, we clarify the environmental load and the economic burden caused by this incident in which the illegal disposal of contaminated industrial waste continued without proper treatment. In this study, we analyzed the factors affecting the environmental impact and economic performance during the period of the project to clarify the problems that occurred during the removal, detoxification and recycling of inappropriately disposed industrial waste and the effects of countermeasures.

We analyze from the viewpoint of P2M based on a total of 131 projects of 11 years of W-BRIDGE which is a regional industry-academia collaboration scheme, and propose a business formation method oriented to SDGs. SDGs, which are classified into 17goals, often fall into ”deep digging” in a single field, and there are cases where they deviate from the original purpose of solving real society problems. In this research, we show the method of promoting SDGs business formation by incorporating each method of P2M in a well-balanced manner, and verify the effectiveness of the method based on a wide range of past cases. Since SDGs attracts a great deal of interest not only in administration but also in corporate management and the general society, we keep in mind that the results of this research will be used in many fields.

The Teshima case, one of the most important illegal industrial dumping incident in Japan, and the Teshima waste disposal project that restore environment by removing and detoxifying harmful substances, achieve establishing relationships between residents and local government with the keyword “co-creation”. In this research, we set the holistic mission of the program to solve the Teshima case, verify the effectiveness of relationship management and platform management that were behind the Teshima case and the Teshima waste disposal project. In addition, we propose a method to support the co-creation platform required for the next project cycle by strengthening the value base of information system using ICT and virtual reality (VR).

One of the solution methods for regional issues, recently drawing attention is cooperation between region, University and High school ”Community and University collaboration”. There are barriers represented by words such as ”vertical division administration” and ”rigidity” to solve regional issues, and projects and programs need to be properly managed. In particular, how to deal with ambiguity, extensibility, complexity, uncertainty at the program level, how to make profiling management function in both project and program is an important issue. Among these problems, we will analyze how ” Community and University collaboration ”should be utilized from the cases in the past 10 years at the Waseda University Center for Environmental Research.

The hard infrastructure developments are the central issue in Fukushima reconstruction in spite of over eight years that have passed since the Fukushima nuclear accident. Therefore the development of the software program which identifies and resolves problems from the view of local communities and residents for Fukushima reconstruction is still lacking. The scope of research of the Fukushima Hirono Research Center for Sustainable Region (FHRC) embraces whole communities and the organizations in the affected areas in Fukushima. Mainly, it functions as an academic research base on the creation of social innovation for Fukushima reconstruction. The FHRC is creating a project to solve the problem by clarifying Fukushima recovery issues by creating a place that dialogue-based with various actors across fields and multi-generation. This research analyzes the process of creating a place for social innovation and fostering social acceptance in Fukushima.

<p>When expanding community-based energy projects, there is an increasing attention on what roles local governments and Regional Finance Institute play as critical actors. However, issues on their roles depend on each community. This report determines results of questionnaires on Regional Finance Institutes awareness (85 valid responses) and analyzes issues depending on different factors such as size of local governments, responsible section of energy issues, and exploitable renewable energy sources. Based on these analyses, this report examines ways to promote community-based energy projects, and furthermore, to develop cross-sectional initiatives with sustainability and autonomy.</p>

<p>While decentralization is developed, there are many problems of municipality the environment, aging and depopulation. This problem is short-term and it isn't settled. Even plan decision, budget acquisition and project operation become long-term. But staff of municipality who settles a problem can't participate in the same project by a change, and can't acquire technical knowledge. On the other hand municipality would like to cooperate with a municipality with the same problem as well as specialist's invitation. Preparing the place where a municipality cooperates by ICT platform is proposed by this research.</p>

This report shows the development of 3D modeling method of Teshima waste disposal project using GPS. Teshima waste disposal project has been conducted since 2003 as a solution of the illegal industrial waste dumping occurred in Teshima-island, Kagawa Prefecture. To prevent illegal dumping and to accumulate data of this project, we measured the disposal area 4 times a year and made the 3D model of the area. We call this system a "Co-creation system". By comparing the 3D model change in time course, we can show stakeholders how the project has advanced. And by measuring the area changed between the two 3D models, we can calculate the amount of disposed garbage. With this system we promoted information sharing between stakeholders. © 2013 The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers.

Recent years, global environmental problems have become aggravated, and a change of a personal lifestyle is demanded. We suggest LSA (Life Style Assessment) as technique to evaluate environmental load quantitatively of a lifestyle by applying LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) method, and aimed at performing examination to contribute to advancement and the spread of the methods. In this study, we have invented OSA (Office Style Assessment) software to calculate environmental load of the whole lifestyle in offices easily and developed it to make fit for practical use. And we tried to evaluate the effect of environment-conscious activity which we can do at the office.

In this study, we attempt to construct a environmental load information management system of industrial machines, especially pump system, by using special IC tag. First, we developed a special IC tag system, which records product specific information and corrects and accumulates the machine's operating information. Second, we developed a software for monitoring the pump based on the information collected by the special IC tag, that we call "Operating Information Management System", and a tool for supporting the disassembling and remanufacturing process of used machines by showing its disassembling flow and 3D animation, that we call "3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) Information Management System". In addition, we developed a trial Environment-friendly General-purpose Pump that can realize the reduction of environmental load throughout the life cycle.