2025/07/24 更新

写真a

スコット　ダグラス
スコット　ダグラス
所属
人間科学学術院 人間科学部
職名
教授
学位
PhD ( 1997年 University of Michigan )
MA ( 1987年 University of Michigan )
BS ( 1985年 University of Oregon )
メールアドレス
メールアドレス
ホームページ
http://www.scottlab.org

学歴

  • 1993年
    -
    1997年

    ミシガン大学   教育学研究科   Educational Foundations and Policy, Educational Technology  

  • 1985年
    -
    1987年

    ミシガン大学   地域研究研究科   East Asian Studies (Japan)  

  • 　
    -
    1985年

    University of Oregon   Political Science  

  • 1983年09月
    -
    1984年06月

    早稲田大学   国際部  

所属学協会

  • 　
    　
    　

    National Communication Association

  • 　
    　
    　

    Associations for the Advancement of Computers in Education

研究分野

  • 教育工学

研究キーワード

  • Information and communication technology; intercultural communication; educational technology

 

論文

  • Waseda University's E-School: 10 years of e-education in Japan

    Shoji Nishimura, Douglass J. Scott

    Advances in Healthcare Information Systems and Administration     173 - 204  2016年  [査読有り]

    　概要を見る

    In 2003, the School of Human Sciences, Waseda University (Japan), established the e-School, Japan's first complete undergraduate program enabling students to earn their bachelor degrees solely through e-learning. Supported by the availability of high-speed Internet connections, it has become possible to economically transmit high-quality videotaped lectures across Japan and throughout the world. Waseda's e-School has many features that contribute to its success, among these are that lecture contents are transmitted with an image quality that allows students to easily read what is written on the blackboard. In addition, online classes are relatively small—21 students on average—and new classes are created to respond to students' needs and interests. This chapter outlines the e-School's first 10 years of operation: Its history, curriculum, administration, and management learning system. Data are also presented for student engagement with the e-School system for the first ten years of operation (2003-2012).

    DOI

    Scopus

    1
    被引用数
    (Scopus)

  • The Influence of Intimacy and Gender on Emotions in Mobile Phone Email

    Yuuki Kato, Douglass J. Scott, Shogo Kato

    Affective Computing and Interaction     262 - 279  2011年  [査読有り]

    　概要を見る

    This chapter focuses on the roles of interpersonal closeness and gender on the interpretation and sending of emotions in mobile phone email messages1. 91 Japanese college students were shown scenarios involving either a friend or an acquaintance describing situations intended to evoke one of four emotions: Happiness, sadness, anger, or guilt. The participants’ rated their emotions and composed replies for each scenario. Analysis revealed that in the happy and guilt scenarios, emotions experienced by the participants were conveyed to their partners almost without change. However, in the sad and angry scenarios, the emotions sent to the partners were weaker than the actual emotions experienced. Gender analysis showed that men were more likely to experience and express anger in the anger scenario, while women were more likely to experience and express sadness in the anger scenario. In addition, more women’s replies contained emotional expressions than did the men’s messages.

    DOI

    Scopus

    2
    被引用数
    (Scopus)

  • E-Learning Practice and Experience at Waseda E-School

    Shoji Nishimura, Douglass J. Scott, Shogo Kato

    Distance Education Environments and Emerging Software Systems     322 - 342  2011年  [査読有り]

    　概要を見る

    In 2003, the School of Human Sciences, Waseda University (Japan), established the e-School, Japan’s first complete undergraduate program enabling students to earn their bachelor degrees solely through e-learning. Supported by the widespread availability of high-speed Internet connections, it has become possible to economically transmit videotaped lectures with an image quality close to that of television across Japan and throughout the world. In addition, lecture contents are transmitted with an image quality that allows students to easily read what is written on the blackboard. Waseda’s e-School has many features that contribute to its success, among these are the coupling of online and on-campus courses enhancing students educational experiences. In addition, online classes are relatively small—most are capped at 30 students—and new classes are created to respond to students’ needs and interests. This chapter outlines the e-School’s history, curriculum, administration, and management learning system. Various data are presented for the first four years of the e-School’s operation (2003-2006), when the newly-created program was under the Ministry of Education’s mandatory supervision period.

    DOI

  • Patterns of Emotional Transmission in Japanese Young People’s Text-Based Communication in Four Basic Emotional Situations

    Kato, Y, Scott, D.J., Kato, S, Sato, K

    International Journal on E-Learning   9 ( 2 ) 203 - 227  2010年  [査読有り]

  • E-Learning Practice and Experience at Waseda E-School

    Shoji Nishimura, Douglass J. Scott, Shogo Kato

    International Journal of Distance Education Technologies   7 ( 3 ) 44 - 62  2009年07月  [査読有り]

    　概要を見る

    <p>In 2003, the School of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Japan, established the e-School, Japan’s first complete undergraduate correspondence courses enabling students to acquire their bachelor degrees solely through e-learning. Supported by the widespread availability of high-speed Internet connections, it has become possible to transmit videotaped lectures with an image quality close to that of television, not only throughout Japan, but also throughout the world at affordable rates. In addition, the lecture contents are transmitted in an image quality that allows students to easily read what is written on the blackboard. Waseda’s e-School has many features that contribute to its success. Among these are the coupling of online and on-campus courses enhancing the educational experience of all students. In addition, online courses are relatively small—most courses are capped at 30 students—and new courses are created to respond to students’ needs and interests. This article outlines the e-School’s curriculum, management structure, and system and reports on the current status of the courses by analyzing the results of a questionnaire survey conducted after one year from their establishment and the state of credits registered and earned by students.</p>

    DOI

    Scopus

  • The Exchange of Emotional Content in Business Communications

    Douglass J. Scott, Constantinos K. Coursaris, Yuuki Kato, Shogo Kato

    Mobile and Ubiquitous Commerce     201 - 219  2009年  [査読有り]

    担当区分：筆頭著者

    　概要を見る

    This study compared the exchange of emotional content in PC and mobile e-mail in business-related discussions. Forty American business people were divided into two groups (PC and mobile e-mail users) and were then assigned to anonymous discussion pairs who exchanged a total of six messages on a predetermined topic. When a message was sent, the writers completed two questionnaires related to 12 target emotions: One questionnaire assessed the emotions they experienced and another estimated their partner’s emotional reaction. E-mail readers filled out similar questionnaires. Statistical analysis showed that when emotional exchange was successful, mobile e-mail users more accurately predicted positive emotions than did PC e-mail users. Conversely, when emotional exchange was unsuccessful, mobile e-mail users failed to accurately exchange negative emotions far more than their PC using counterparts. These findings indicate that the communication medium used may influence the exchange of emotional content in text-based communications.

    DOI

    Scopus

    6
    被引用数
    (Scopus)

  • Relationships between Emotional States and Emoticons in Mobile Phone Email Communication in Japan

    Kato, S, Kato, Y, Scott, D.J.

    International Journal on E-Learning   8 ( 3 ) 385 - 401  2009年  [査読有り]

  • Comparing Cultural and Gender Differences in the Informal Mobile Telephone Text Messages of Japanese and American College Students

    Scott, D.J, Kato, Y, am, Kato, S

    Waseda Journal of Human Sciences   22 ( 2 ) 71 - 86  2009年  [査読有り]

    担当区分：筆頭著者

    CiNii

  • Gender Differences in Japanese College Students’ Participation in a Qualitative Study

    Scott, D.J.

    AACE Journal   16 ( 4 ) 385 - 404  2008年  [査読有り]

    担当区分：筆頭著者

    CiNii

  • Analysis of Anger in Mobile Phone Email Communications in Japan

    Kato, Y, Kato, S, Scott, D.J., Akahori, K

    Waseda Journal of Human Sciences   21 ( 1 ) 29 - 38  2008年  [査読有り]

    CiNii

  • Use of iPods to Support Content Learning in a Japanese College Lecture Course

    Scott, D.J., Nishimura, S, Kato, S

    Waseda Journal of Human Sciences   20 ( 1 ) 11 - 18  2007年  [査読有り]

    担当区分：筆頭著者

    CiNii

  • Using video-equipped cellular telephones in Japanese higher education: A case study

    Douglass J. Scott

    Journal of Human Sciences   18 ( 1 ) 127 - 135  2005年  [査読有り]

    担当区分：筆頭著者

  • The iceberg metaphor of educational telecommunications: History and application

    Douglass J. Scott

    Media and Education   5 ( 5 ) 37 - 47  2000年  [査読有り]

    担当区分：筆頭著者

    　概要を見る

    ミシガン大学ICS(相互伝達・模擬実験)グループは1984年以来コンピューター媒介による模擬実験を行って来た。実験の成果の一つとして、アイスバーグ・メタファー(氷山隠喩)と呼ばれる教育的遠距離通信に関する概念的モデルを創り出したことがあげられる。このモデルは10年以上に渡り何千人もの学生によって現場でテストされ、その結果この隠喩の中心的主題は不変であり、その一方で広範囲におよぶ教育的模擬実験を促進する柔軟性を備えていることが分かった。このモデルは、K-12、遠距離教育、高等教育などへ応用するための教育技術導入の道を模索している教育者には有益となるはずである。当論文はアイスバーグ・メタファーの発展を述べると共に、それがサーバー側と教室内の双方に関するテレコミュニケーション(遠距離通信)研究にどのような影響を与え得るかについて考察するものである。

    CiNii

  • A survey of telecommunications use in preservice teacher education programs

    Douglass J. Scott

    Media and Education   5 ( 5 ) 49 - 60  2000年  [査読有り]

    担当区分：筆頭著者

    　概要を見る

    この研究ノートは、教職過程におけるテレコミュニケーション使用に関する文献を評論するもので、研究者によって教職過程がどのように評価され得るかについての分析をも含む。又これは現行の研究に関する様々な考え方を探究し、その結果、この分野をよりよく理解し、新たなテレコミュニケーション研究を活気づけ得る共通要素と、将来の研究の位置付けとなる関連文献とのギャップを見い出すことを目的としている。結局この分析により、将来の研究に指針を与えるべき核的業績、方法論、理論が、現行では殆ど、あるいは全く同意に達していないことがわかる。本論文は、教職過程に焦点を当ててはいるか、いかなる教育的遠隔通信研究の創出、実施、評価においても、広く適用できるものである。

    CiNii

  • The human dimension of computer-mediated communications: Implications for international educational computer conferences

    Douglass J. Scott

    Media and Education   3 ( 3 ) 43 - 51  1999年  [査読有り]

    担当区分：筆頭著者

    　概要を見る

    この論文は、教育的コンピュータ・コンフェレンスに関する新しい概念の枠組みを提示し、また、この概念が国際教育における選択肢をどう形づけるかを考察する。「氷山メタファー」あるいは「ミシガン・モデル」として知られるこの概念は、オンライン・コミュニケーションを氷山の一角に例えるものである。すなわち、参加者の学習の大半はオフラインにおける参加者とコンフェレンスとの関わりを観察することによって、コンフェレンスを使用者の要求に合うべく改善する。最善の方法を決定することができるのである。この論文はまた、氷山メタファー及び関連研究が、国際教育コンピュータ・コンフェレンスの作成、実施、評価に与える意味を考える。

    CiNii

▼全件表示

書籍等出版物

  • Waseda University’s e-School: 10 Years of e-Education in Japan (Chapter)

    Nishimura, S, Scott, D.J

    IGI Global  2016年

  • E-Learning Practice and Experience at Waseda E-School: Japan’s First Undergraduate Degree-Awarding Online Program (chapter)

    Nishimura, S, Scott, D.J, Kato, S

    IGI Global  2011年

  • The Influence of Intimacy and Gender on Emotions in Mobile Phone Email

    Yuuki Kato, Douglass J. Scott, Shogo Kato

    IGI Global  2010年 ISBN: 1616928921

  • The Exchange of Emotional Content in Business Communications: A Comparison of PC and Mobile Email Users (Chapter)

    Douglass J. Scott, Constantinous, K. Coursaris, Yuuki Kato, Shogo Kato

    IGI Global  2009年 ISBN: 1605663662

  • Misinterpretation of Emotional Cues and Content in Japanese Email (Chapter)

    Yuuki Kato, Shogo Kato, Douglass J. Scott

    Nova Science Publishers  2008年

  • Meaningful learning away from the keyboard: The significance of offline learning for online projects (Chapter)

    Douglass J. Scott

    Roadblocks on the information highway: The IT revolution in Japanese education  2003年

▼全件表示

講演・口頭発表等

  • Communication Technology Use by International Students in America: Preliminary Findings

    Scott, D.J, Nishimura, S

    World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2016   AACE  

    発表年月： 2016年

  • International Students’ Use of Communication Technologies in American Universities

    Scott, D.J

    World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2015   AACE  

    発表年月： 2015年

  • The Role of Communication Technologies in Exchange Students’ Cultural Adjustment

    Scott, D.J

    World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education 2014   AACE  

    発表年月： 2014年

  • Comparing Computer and Mobile Phone Use by American and Japanese University Students

    Scott, D.J, Kato, Y, Kato, S, Liu, S

    World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education 2012   AACE  

    発表年月： 2012年

  • Social Media and Privacy: Comparing U.S. and Japanese College Students’ Use of Facebook and Twitter

    Tung, P, Scott, D.J

    World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education 2012   AACE  

    発表年月： 2012年

  • Comparing American and Japanese Young People’s Emotional Strategies in Mobile Phone Email Communication

    Kato, Y, Scott, D.J, Kato, S

    World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2011  

    発表年月： 2011年

  • An e-Learning System Connecting Tutor and Students in Different Countries

    Liu, S, Scott, D.J, Kato, Y, Kato, S, Urano, Y

    World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education 2011   AACE  

    発表年月： 2011年

  • Gender and the Selection of Communication Technologies in Emotional Situations

    Scott, D.J, Kato, Y, Kato, S

    World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2010  

    発表年月： 2010年

  • Using Mobile Devices for Data Collection: Exchanging Ideas and Models

    Scott, D.J, Liu, S, Kato, Y, Kato, S

    World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2010  

    発表年月： 2010年

  • Analyzing Emotional Cue Transmission and Message Contents in Japanese Mobile Phone Email Communications

    Kato, Y, Scott, D.J, Kato, S, Takeuchi, T

    World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2009  

    発表年月： 2009年

  • Rating Communication Methods and Emotional Transmissions in Anger and Guilt Situations by Japanese College Students

    Kato, S, Kato, Y, Scott, D.J, Takeuchi, T

    World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2009  

    発表年月： 2009年

  • Development of a Mobile Phone-based Data Collection and Analysis System

    Liu, S, Scott, D.J, Kato, Y, Kato, S

    World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education 2009  

    発表年月： 2009年

  • Emotional Strategies in Mobile Phone Email Communication in Japan: Focusing on Four Kinds of Basic Emotions

    Kato, Y, Kato, S, Scott, D.J, Sato, K

    World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2008  

    発表年月： 2008年

  • Gender Differences in the Writing of Mobile Phone Email in Japan: A Follow-up Study

    Scott, D.J, Kato, Y, Kato, S

    World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2008  

    発表年月： 2008年

  • Content Analysis of Gender Differences in the Informal Mobile Email Communications of Japanese Young People

    Scott, D.J, Kato, S, Kato, Y

    World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education 2008  

    発表年月： 2008年

  • Relationships between the Emotional Transmissions in Mobile Phone Email Communication and the Email Contents in Japan

    Kato, Y, Kato, S, Scott, D.J, Takeuchi, T

    World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education 2008  

    発表年月： 2008年

  • Selection of ICT in emotional communication for Japanese students: Focusing on emotional strategies and gender differences

    Kato, S, Kato, Y, Scott, D.J, Sato, K

    World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2008  

    発表年月： 2008年

  • Research on the Emotions Interpreted from Emoticons in Japanese Cellular Telephone Email

    Yanagisawa, M, Kobayashi, M, Kato, Y, Kato, S, Scott, D.J

    International Conference on Computers in Education (ICCE)  

    発表年月： 2007年

  • Gender Differences in the Informal Email Communications of Japanese Young People

    Scott, D.J, Kato, Y, Kato, S

    World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education 2007  

    発表年月： 2007年

  • Analysis of Anger in Mobile Phone Email Communications in Japan

    Kato, S, Kato, Y, Scott, D.J, Akahori, K

    World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education 2007  

    発表年月： 2007年

  • Research on the Causal Relationship between Emotions and Emotional Transmissions in Email Communication: Analysis Focusing on Emotional Traits

    Kato, Y, Kato, S, Scott, D.J

    World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2007  

    発表年月： 2007年

  • Using iPods to Support Content Area Learning in a Japanese College Lecture Course

    Scott, D.J, Nishimura, S, Kato, S

    World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education 2006  

    発表年月： 2006年

  • Gender Differences in Japanese College Students’ Participation in a Qualitative Study

    Scott, D.J

    World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2005  

    発表年月： 2005年

  • Using Video-equipped Cellular Telephones in Japanese Higher Education: A Case Study

    Scott, D.J

    World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2004  

    発表年月： 2004年

  • Widespread Use of Cellular Telephones to Access the Internet: Implications for Educational Telecommunications

    Scott, D.J

    World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2002  

    発表年月： 2002年

  • Using Qualitative Research Methods to Study Preservice Teachers Use of a Computer Conference

    Scott, D.J

    Society for Information Technology and Teacher Education International Conference 2000  

    発表年月： 2000年

  • Using computer-mediated communications to foster transnational competence in American and Japanese schools

    Scott, D.J

    ICCE 1999: The 7th International Conference On Computers In Education  

    発表年月： 1999年

  • The element of surprise: Stories from the qualitative evaluation of educational technology

    Barritt, M, Scott, D.J

    World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 1999  

    発表年月： 1999年

  • The human dimension of computer-mediated communications: Implications for international educational computer conferences

    Scott, D.J

    10th Anniversary Symposium of the Human Science Research Center, Waseda University  

    発表年月： 1997年

  • The Michigan Model for educational telecommunications: Tipping the iceberg

    Scott, D.J, Espinosa, R, Stanzler, J, Goodman, F.L

    World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 1997  

    発表年月： 1997年

  • Researching computer-mediated communications: Examples from teacher education research

    Scott, D.J

    World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 1997  

    発表年月： 1997年

▼全件表示

共同研究・競争的資金等の研究課題

  • 新データ収集システムを使った三カ国に於ける携帯電話使用比較

    研究期間:

    2010年
    -
    　
     

  • 国際聞の3大学以上を結ぶ多数地点間での同時双方向遠隔授業の実証実験

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業

    研究期間:

    2005年
    -
    2007年
     

    永岡 慶三, 西堀 ゆり, 岡部 成玄, 山本 裕一, 赤倉 貴子, 植野 真臣, 田中 健二

    　概要を見る

    研究代表者は本科研プロジエクト以前にも,文部科学省科学研究費補助金による同時双方向遠隔授業に関する研究を13年間に亘り行ってきた.この間,情報通信技術ICTは大きく進歩した.しかし,教育に携わる人間は教員も,ネットワーク技術者も,受講者も観察者も,十分な経験とそれより抽出されたノウハウとを蓄積したとは言い難い.手段は得たが文化の形成には至ってないというのが,正直な感想である,ただ,4ヶ国・4大学による国際間同時双方向遠隔授業については,経費・人手の投入に対して得られる機能と扱いやすさなどから,【トリプルフォー方式】を標準とすべきという感を得ている.すなわち,トリプルフォー方式とは,多数サイトがスクリーン上に同時参加するためには,長方形であるディスブレイ画面を4分割して,ぴったりおさまる4サイト(4ヶ国・4大学)が無駄の無い組合せである.これを4ヶ国・4大学・4分割画面の「トリプルフォー」方式と呼んでいる.無論,3サイト(3ヶ国・3大学)で4番目にBBS画面等にすることも考えられるが,通常の大学教員には運用上の負担となる場合があり,これまでの経験から平易なトリプルフォーの方式が安定感にまさる.また,国際間同時双方向遠隔授業のためのコンテンツ内容に関しては,語学教育,異文化コミユニケーション教育がまずはもっとも適しており,本科研プロジエクトにおいても多くの実験がなされている.今後,多くの参加者を得て実績を蓄積し,単位互換可能な正規の授業の中で多くの授業コンテンツが実用化されていくことを祈念するものである

 

現在担当している科目

▼全件表示

 

他学部・他研究科等兼任情報

  • 人間科学学術院   大学院人間科学研究科

  • 附属機関・学校   グローバル・エデュケーション・センター

特定課題制度（学内資金）

  • The Role of Social Networks in the Cultural Adjustment of Japanese Exchange Students in America

    2013年  

    　概要を見る

    This special project funding was used to lay the groundwork for studying Japanese exchange students’ use of communication technologies in their adjustment to life in America. Original pilot studies were conducted by Waseda University students under the direction of the lead author. These initial studies helped refine the data collection instrument and focus the scope of the current research. Research goals for the current study include: 1) Study the role of social networks in the cultural adjustment of Japanese exchange students in America. 2) Analyze the function of communication technology use with American and Japanese friends on the &#8232;cultural adjustment of Japanese exchange students. 3) Identify communication strategies that contribute to positive cultural adjustment. 4) Develop successful communication strategies to stem the declining number of Japanese studying &#8232;abroad. Fund provided by this special grant were primarily used to visit Michigan State University, one of the planned research sites. I met with faculty, staff, and administrators at MSU to discuss my proposed research project and learn how to get permission to conduct research on that campus. These discussion were productive and I will continue them in the future.

  • 英語圏二カ国における携帯メールコミュニケーションの感情伝達の特徴に関する国際比較

    2012年  

    　概要を見る

    This special project funding was used to expand our research on young people’s use of mobile phones in different countries. The original study was funded by the Advanced Research Center for Human Sciences in the School of Human Sciences, Waseda University, and focused on American, Japanese, and Chinese young people's use of mobile phones. Three data sets were collected: Demographic data, gender communication, and a study of interpersonal closeness. Based on the original study, we want to expand our research into more countries, especially those with large native English-speaking populations. The current Special Funding was used to develop our contacts in these countries in preparation for full-scale data collection. Although America was part of the original study, it was retained in the current study because of its heavy influence on technology development and use. In addition to maintaining our established contacts, we visited some new universities (e.g. University of California Los Angeles, University of Southern California) to expand the pool of potential study sites. We also continued our discussion with professors in Canada about conducting research on their campuses. We received positive feedback and believe we can collect sufficient data for our project. If additional funding can be secured, we should be able to collect enough data in these two countries to expand our cross-cultural comparison of young people’s mobile phone use.

  • 英語圏三カ国における携帯メールコミュニケーションの感情伝達の特徴に関する国際比較

    2011年  

    　概要を見る

    This special project funding was used to expand our research on young people’s use of mobile phones in different countries. The original study was funded by the Advanced Research Center for Human Sciences in the School of Human Sciences, Waseda University, and focused on American, Japanese, and Chinese young people's use of mobile phones. This study was based, in part, on a data collection tool created by our group to deliver online surveys that can be completed on any mobile telephone with a Web browser. Three data sets were collected: Demographic data, gender communication, and a study of interpersonal closeness. The output of each research project will include conference presentations, journal articles, and improved course content. Based on the original study, our group sought to expand our research into more countries, focusing on places with large native English-speaking populations. The current Special Funding was used to develop our contacts and run pilot studies in these countries in preparation for full-scale data collection. Our original intent was to conduct research in the UK, Australia, and New Zealand. However, the difference between these countries' academic calendars--especially those in the southern hemisphere--and Japan was problematic enough to compel the authors to shift and limit our focus to the UK and Canada. Based on this new focus, the researchers visited various universities in these countries to develop contacts and conduct preliminary research. In Canada, our primary contacts were professors in the Business College at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, outside of Toronto. Although their research focus is on business-related topics, these professors were willing to help us collect data for our study. In the UK, we contacted researchers at London University, Oxford University, and Cambridge University. Our colleague at Cambridge was particularly helpful in distributing our pilot study. We received a satisfactory return rate giving us confidence in our ability to collect data at that university. If additional funding can be secured, we should be able to collect sufficient data in these two countries to expand our cross-cultural comparison on mobile phone use.