<p>Entrepreneurial ecosystems are combinations of social, political, economic, and cultural elements in a particular region that support the development and growth of innovative startups (Spigel, 2017). Examples that have been studied focus on regions that have abundant resources such as population, funding and research institutes (Mack & Mayer, 2016; Saxenian, 1994; Spigel, 2017), and the prerequisites for the birth of an entrepreneurial ecosystem has long been regarded as having abundant resources (Mason & Brown, 2014). Therefore, in this study, in order to clarify whether prerequisites are necessary for the birth of an ecosystem, a comparative analysis is illustrated with two cities, Fukuoka City and Tsuruoka City, which are assumed to have contrasting resources and environments. Although both Fukuoka and Tsuruoka are attracting attention as entrepreneurial ecosystems, their birth processes are very different. This paper clarifies the differences between the birth and development processes of the two ecosystems. Then, we will clarify how Tsuruoka City, a region with limited resources, gave birth to an entrepreneurial ecosystem.</p>