ローランド　ダグラス　ウィリアム (ローランド　ダグラス　ウィリアム)

写真a

所属

理工学術院 国際理工学センター（理工学術院）

職名

准教授（任期付）

プロフィール

My area of specialization is computational psycholinguistics. I use a combination of psycholinguistic experiments and computational models to investigate how the human mind produces and comprehends language. I am interested in cognitive factors such as the sources of difficulty during language comprehension and the nature of the mental representations used by comprehenders, as well as methodological factors, such as how different experimental methodologies (e.g., data from eye movement studies vs. data from the self-paced reading paradigm) influence the resulting data. I am also interested in how the differences between the ways in which language is used in typical laboratory experiments and in naturally occurring contexts affect investigators’ results. In order to carry out this research, I use a variety of tools including psycholinguistic experimentation, eye movement data, computational modeling, and corpus analysis.
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兼担 【 表示 ／ 非表示 】

  • 国際学術院   国際コミュニケーション研究科

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  • 2020年
    -
    2022年

    理工学術院総合研究所   兼任研究員

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  • 　
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    2001年

    University of Colorado   Department of Linguistics   Ph.D.  

  • 　
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    1994年

    University of Colorado   Department of Linguistics   MA  

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    1989年

    University of Delaware   Department of Chemistry   B.S.  

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  • University of Colorado   Ph.D.

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経歴 【 表示 ／ 非表示 】

  • 2018年
    -
    継続中

    早稲田大学   理工学術院   准教授

  • 2014年
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    2018年

    東京大学   グローバルコミュニケーション研究センター   特任講師

  • 2013年
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    2014年

    東京大学   大学院総合文化研究科   外国人客員研究員

  • 2005年
    -
    2013年

    University at Buffalo, The State University of New York   Department of Linguistics   Assistant Professor

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  • 言語学

  • 実験心理学

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研究キーワード 【 表示 ／ 非表示 】

  • 言語学

  • 認知科学

  • 心理言語学

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論文 【 表示 ／ 非表示 】

  • The processing of pronominal relative clauses: Evidence from eye movements

    Douglas Roland, Gail Mauner, Yuki Hirose

    Journal of Memory and Language   119  2021年08月  [査読有り]

    　概要を見る

    Relative clauses have played a key role in distinguishing between different theories of language comprehension. A reversal in processing costs between full NP and pronominal relative clauses reported by Reali and Christiansen (2007) has been used to argue for expectation-based theories of comprehension (e.g., Hale, 2001; Levy, 2008), and against memory-based theories of comprehension (e.g., Gibson, 1998, 2000; Gordon, Hendrick, & Johnson, 2001; Lewis, Vasishth, & Van Dyke, 2006). We present results relying on eye-movements during reading, in conjunction with modeling of differences between self-paced reading and eye movement data, to argue that the results observed by Reali and Christiansen and others are due to the self-paced reading paradigm, and do not reflect an actual reversal in processing costs. Overall, our results suggest that a combination of memory-based factors and spillover explains the pattern of reading times observed in various relative clause experiments such as those in Reali and Christiansen (2007), and that while comprehenders’ expectations undeniably play a role in language comprehension, the role may be less dramatic than is suggested by previous studies.

    DOI

  • Semantic similarity to high-frequency verbs affects syntactic frame selection

    Eunkyung Yi, Jean Pierre Koenig, Douglas Roland

    Cognitive Linguistics   30 ( 3 ) 601 - 628  2019年08月  [査読有り]

    　概要を見る

    This paper investigates the effect of the high frequency of occurrence of a verb in a syntactic frame on speakers' selection of that syntactic frame for other verbs. We hypothesize that the frequent co-occurrence of a syntactic frame and a particular verb (what we call an anchor verb) leads to a strong association between the verb and the frame analogous to the relationship between a category and its best exemplar. Our Verb Anchor Hypothesis claims that verbs that are more semantically similar to the anchor are more likely to occur in that syntactic frame than verbs that are less semantically similar to the anchor. We tested the Verb Anchor Hypothesis on the dative alternation which involves the meaning-preserving ditransitive and prepositional frames. A corpus study determined that give was the anchor verb for the ditransitive frame. We then examined whether high semantic similarity to give increases the likelihood of an alternating verb (e.g. to hand) occurring in the ditransitive frame (Mary handed the boy a book) rather than in the prepositional frame (Mary handed a book to the boy). The results of several logistic regression analyses show that semantic similarity to give makes a unique contribution to predicting the choice of the ditransitive frame aside from other factors known to affect syntactic frame selection. Additional analyses suggest that the Verb Anchor Hypothesis might also hold for more narrowly-defined subclasses of alternating verbs.

    DOI

  • Relative Clause Processing by L2 speakers of English

    ローランド ダグラス ウィリアム

    IEICE Technical Report TL2019-24   119 ( 151 ) 67 - 68  2019年07月

  • 英語学習者向け代名詞処理を伴うリーディングスパンテストの材料文開発

    浅見 紫織, ローランド ダグラス, 森島 泰則

    教育研究   61   81 - 90  2019年  [査読有り]

  • Eye movement data and the causes of relative clause difficulty

    Roland, Douglas, Yuki Hirose, Gail Mauner

    IEICE Technical Report TL2018-17   118 ( 63 ) 27 - 31  2018年07月

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  • Which event properties matter for which cognitive task? In Roberto G. de Almeida and Christina Manouilidou (Eds.), Cognitive Science Perspectives on Verb Representation and Processing

    Koenig, Jean-Pierre, Douglas Roland, Hongoak Yun, Gail Mauner( 担当： 共著,  担当範囲: Pages 213-234)

    Springer  2015年 ISBN: 9783319101125

  • Computational and Corpus Models of Human Sentence Comprehension. In Michael J. Spivey, Ken McRae, and Marc F. Joanisse, (Eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of Psycholinguistics

    Roland, Douglas, Mary Hare( 担当： 共著,  担当範囲: Pages 390-405)

    Cambridge University Press  2012年 ISBN: 9781139029377

  • Verb sense and verb subcategorization probabilities. In Paola Merlo and Suzanne Stevenson (Eds), The Lexical Basis of Sentence Processing: Formal, Computational, and Experimental Issues,

    Roland, Douglas, Daniel Jurafsky( 担当： 共著,  担当範囲: Pages 325-345)

    John Benjamins  2002年 ISBN: 9781588111562

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  • A psycholinguistic approach to the cognitive mechanisms underlying second language comprehension

    Sayaka Sato, Douglas Roland

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY   51   811 - 811  2016年07月

    研究発表ペーパー・要旨（国際会議）  

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  • The processing of pronominal relative clauses: Evidence from eye movements

    Douglas Roland, Gail Mauner, Yuki Hirose[国際共著]

    33rd Annual CUNY Human Sentence Processing Conference   (University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts) 

    発表年月： 2020年03月

    開催年月：
    2020年03月
    　
    　

  • Relative Clause Processing by L2 speakers of English

    Douglas Roland

    25th Annual Conference on Architectures and Mechanisms for Language Processing (AMLaP),  

    発表年月： 2019年09月

  • Relative Clause Processing by L2 speakers of English

    Douglas Roland

    Mental Architecture of Processing and Learning of Language 2019 (MAPLL-TCP-TL 2019)  

    発表年月： 2019年07月

  • Syntax: Computational models of sentence-level language comprehension.

    ローランド ダグラス ウィリアム

    “Computational psycholinguistics: Overview and prospects” workshop at the 158th meeting of the Linguistics Society of Japan  

    発表年月： 2019年06月

  • 英語学習者向け代名詞処理を伴うリーディングスパンテストの開発

    Asami, Shiori, Douglas Roland, Yasunori Morishima

    The 16th annual meeting of the Japanese Society for Cognitive Psychology  

    発表年月： 2018年09月

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特定課題研究 【 表示 ／ 非表示 】

  • Eye movements during reading as a window to non-native speaker's language comprehension processes

    2020年  

    　概要を見る

    The goals of this project were to investigate the pattern of eye-movements of second language learners of English (i.e., Japanese speakers of English) while reading sentences containing relative clauses in order to investigate how non-native speakers process these structures. We collected data from 154 participants across three experiments. We found that while non-native speakers showed signs of difficulty in the same regions of the sentences that native speakers did, the difficulties were reflected differently in the patterns of eye movements. Specifically, while native speakers show evidence of processing difficulty in their initial fixations on a word, non-native speakers’ difficulties are reflected only in evidence of rereading. This suggests that non-native speakers are not processing language as immediately as native speakers. Unfortunately, we had to stop collecting eye movement data due to COVID19 safety precautions. However, we were able to collect additional reading time data from 120 native speakers of English using an on-line self-paced reading time task. This data will serve as a baseline point of comparison for future work on L2 speakers. 

  • Eye movements during reading as a window to non-native speaker's language comprehension processes

    2019年   Saki Tsumura, Shiori Asami

    　概要を見る

    The goals of this project were to investigate the pattern of eye-movements of second language learners of English (i.e., Japanese speakers of English) while reading sentences containing relative clauses in order to investigate how non-native speakers process these structures. We collected data from 154 participants across three experiments. We found that while non-native speakers showed signs of difficulty in the same regions of the sentences that native speakers did, the difficulties were reflected differently in the patterns of eye movements. Specifically, while native speakers show evidence of processing difficulty in their initial fixations on a word, non-native speakers’ difficulties are reflected only in evidence of rereading. This suggests that non-native speakers are not processing language as immediately as native speakers.

  • Are differences between native and non-native speakers' eye movements during reading due to differences in representation,processing,knowledge,or strategy?

    2018年  

    　概要を見る

    The goals of this project were to investigate the pattern of eye-movements of second language learners of English (i.e., Japanese speakers of English) while reading sentences containing relative clauses in order to investigate how non-native speakers process these structures. We conducted two experiments, collecting data from approximately 40 participants for each experiment. We found that non-native speakers reread the target sentences more than native speakers do, resulting in non-native speakers making approximately twice as many fixations per sentence as native speakers did. We also found that like native speakers, non-native speakers also faced the greatest degree of processing difficulty when reading full NP object relative clauses (as opposed to pronominal relative clauses or subject relative clauses). Because the longer reading times of non-native speakers result in a higher data loss due to blinks occurring while reading, we will need to collect data from additional participants to have the same degree of statistical power as in the data from native speakers which we are using as a point of comparison.

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