2026/10/19 更新

写真a

ベーコン　ポール・マルティン
ベーコン　ポール・マルティン
所属
国際学術院 国際教養学部
職名
教授
学位
博士

経歴

  • 2016年04月
    -
    継続中

    Waseda University   School of International Liberal Studies (SILS)   Professor of International Relations

  • 2018年09月
    -
    2021年08月

    早稲田大学

  • 2005年04月
    -
    2016年03月

    早稲田大学   国際教養学部

  • 2003年04月
    -
    2005年03月

    東京大学

研究分野

  • 国際関係論   Regional security complex theory, regulatory power, normative power, neo-classical realism

研究キーワード

  • The European Union (EU), the EU as an international actor, Japanese foreign policy, EU-Japan relations, northeast Asian security

受賞

  • -

    1993年01月  

 

論文

  • NATO-Japan Relations: Projecting Strategic Narratives of “Natural Partnership” and Cooperative Security

    Paul Bacon, Joe Burton

    Asian Security [Scopus Q1 journal]   14 ( 1 ) 38 - 50  2017年09月  [査読有り]

    担当区分：筆頭著者, 責任著者

    DOI

    Scopus

    20
    被引用数
    (Scopus)

  • The EU’s Indo-Pacific Strategy and Japan: Insights from a ‘Close Strategic Partner’.

    Bacon, P., Pomorska, K., van Willigen, N.

    Global Policy [Scopus Q1 journal]    2026年10月  [査読有り]

    担当区分：筆頭著者, 責任著者

  • The EU's Indo-Pacific strategic narratives: reception and perception gaps in Japan

    Paul Bacon, Axel A Julsrud

    International Affairs [High impact journal]   102 ( 4 ) 1181 - 1201  2026年07月  [査読有り]

    担当区分：筆頭著者, 責任著者

    　概要を見る

    Abstract

    This article examines the reception by Japanese experts of the European Union's security narratives in the Indo-Pacific through the lens of strategic narrative theory. It engages directly with a core theme of the special section by adopting a decentring perspective and studying external perceptions of EU narratives. It investigates role perception outside Europe through this outside–in approach, and it argues that important perception gaps emerge as the EU seeks to communicate its roles to Japan as a maritime security provider and as an economic security actor. The article also looks at Japan's agency as a security actor and producer of security narratives. The country has its own sense of a state of permanent emergency concerning the severe economic and military challenges posed by China and others. This conditions the reception in Japan of EU narratives, and Japanese perceptions of the relevance of the EU as a security actor are benchmarked against these challenges. The EU's narrative on trade in the region has transformed from an emphasis on inclusiveness to a focus on economic security and resilience. The EU's reflexivity in this regard offers potential for greater narrative alignment and policy coherence with Japan, whereas the perception gap between the two sides on maritime security is more fundamental and likely to be enduring. The best way for the EU to mitigate such perception gaps in the region is to focus its strategic communication on key bilateral partnerships and issue-specific strategic documents, rather than on the regional approach reflected in its Indo-Pacific Strategy.

    DOI

    Scopus

    1
    被引用数
    (Scopus)

  • Navigating the Indo‐Pacific: The EU's 2025 Council Conclusions Amidst Geopolitical Uncertainty

    Nicholas Ross Smith, Richard Whitman, Paul Bacon, Martin Holland

    Global Policy [Scopus Q1 journal]    2026年06月  [査読有り]

    　概要を見る

    ABSTRACT

    More than four years after the EU released its Indo‐Pacific Strategy (in April 2021), the Council of the EU provided fresh ‘Conclusions’ (in October 2025) stating that the EU should ‘further intensify its strategic focus, presence, visibility and actions in the Indo‐Pacific’. These conclusions were issued against a dramatically altered geopolitical backdrop, including the onset of the Russia–Ukraine War, worsening Sino‐American relations and the advent of Trump 2.0. This article assesses the 2025 Council Conclusions against empirical findings from more than 100 semi‐structured interviews across eight Indo‐Pacific locations: Australia, China, India, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, Taiwan and Thailand. While the Conclusions feature harder security language and an elevated economic security agenda, the empirical data reveals a persistent gap between EU ambitions and Indo‐Pacific elite perceptions. The article concludes that the 2025 Council Conclusions represent a modest, incremental response to the changing geopolitics of the Indo‐Pacific, but prevailing issues around the EU's global actorness mean it will continue to fall short in its efforts to assert geopolitical relevance.

    DOI

    Scopus

  • ‘From Declarations to Practice? Institutional Constraints on Europe–IP4 Cooperation against Foreign Information Manipulation’.

    Aoi, C., Bacon, P., Lee, S., Wallace, C., Insisa, A.

    Defence Strategic Communications   17   51 - 98  2026年06月  [査読有り]

  • The Indo-Pacific as a macrosecuritized constellation: revising Regional Security Complex Theory for the age of the Indo-Pacific

    Nicholas Ross Smith, Paul Bacon

    The Pacific Review [High impact journal]     1 - 29  2025年08月  [査読有り]

    DOI

    Scopus

    7
    被引用数
    (Scopus)

  • The Indo-Pacific Is Like the Cold War, But Not in the Way Most Think

    Smith, N.R., Bacon, P.

    The Diplomat    2025年08月  [査読有り]

  • Narrowing the ‘expectations deficit’? Evolving Japanese expectations of the EU as an Indo-Pacific security actor (2020–2022)

    Shao Jingkai, Bacon Paul

    Journal of Contemporary European Studies [Scopus Q1 journal]     1 - 23  2025年06月  [査読有り]

    担当区分：責任著者

    DOI

    Scopus

    2
    被引用数
    (Scopus)

  • Examining EU action and actorness through external perceptions: a comparative study of Asian media coverage

    Serena Kelly, Brittany Baugh, Paul Bacon

    Journal of Contemporary European Studies [Scopus Q1 journal]     1 - 17  2024年12月  [査読有り]

    DOI

    Scopus

    2
    被引用数
    (Scopus)

  • The Indo-Pacific is an idea more than a region–and it’s pushing politics in a ‘pessimistic and paranoid’ direction.

    Smith, N. R., Bacon, P. M.

    The Conversation    2024年11月  [査読有り]

  • Three Decades on: Still a Capability–Expectations Gap? Pragmatic Expectations towards the EU from Asia in 2020

    Suetyi Lai, Paul Bacon, Martin Holland

    JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies [High impact journal]   61 ( 2 ) 451 - 468  2022年07月  [査読有り]

    　概要を見る

    Abstract

    This paper uses Hill's seminal ‘Capability–Expectations Gap’ framework (CEG) to analyse EU capabilities and expectations of the EU, from the perspectives of four key Asia‐Pacific states, China, Indonesia, Japan and South Korea. Intensive analysis of domestic print media shows that all four states have low perceptions of EU capability, particularly EU ability to reach agreement on common action. Indonesia and South Korea also have low overall expectations of the EU. Japan has some expectations of the EU, but mostly related to EU internal and neighbourhood action, confirming findings of previous research identifying a Japanese ‘expectations deficit’ regarding EU external action. China however had many expectations of EU external action, on bilateral relations, but also multilateral governance and management of the international economy. Therefore, from the Chinese perspective a significant EU capability–expectations gap is identified.

    DOI

    Scopus

    15
    被引用数
    (Scopus)

  • Diffusing the Abolitionist Norm in Japan: EU ‘Death Penalty Diplomacy’ and the Gap between Rhetoric and Reality in EU–Japan Relations

    Paul Bacon, Hidetoshi Nakamura

    JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies [High impact journal]   59 ( 5 ) 1230 - 1246  2021年02月  [査読有り]

    担当区分：筆頭著者, 責任著者

    　概要を見る

    Abstract

    This article uses Börzel and Risse's norm diffusion framework to conceptualize and evaluate the EU's ‘death penalty diplomacy’ in Japan. Despite the ‘exceptional’ nature of Japanese politics with regard to the death penalty the EU has enjoyed numerous successes in its attempts to diffuse the abolitionist norm within Japan. These successes have occurred through both direct and indirect methods of norm diffusion, and through socialization, persuasion and functional emulation. Despite the dramatic increase in executions in Japan in 2018, in practice the EU and Japan have established an understanding that executions will in future stabilize at a low and symbolic level. The EU has also co‐funded research that successfully challenged the Japanese government's public opinion polling‐based justification for retaining the death penalty. This research also played an important role in socializing and persuading the Japanese Federation of Bar Associations to change its official position and to support the abolition of the death penalty.

    DOI

    Scopus

    11
    被引用数
    (Scopus)

  • NATO Global Perceptions – Views from the Asia-Pacific Region

    Natalia Chaban, Paul Bacon, Joe Burton, Vlad Vernygora

    Asian Security [Scopus Q1 journal]   14 ( 1 ) 1 - 7  2017年09月  [査読有り]

    DOI

    Scopus

    6
    被引用数
    (Scopus)

  • ‘EU Studies in the Asia-Pacific: Experimenting with 'Model EU' as a Teaching Tool’

    Bacon, P., Yoshizawa, H.

    Japanese Journal of European Studies   4  2016年  [査読有り]

    担当区分：筆頭著者, 責任著者

  • ‘The EU Through the Eyes of Asia: Japanese Elite Perceptions of EU-Japan Relations’.

    Bacon, P., Kato, E.

    Japanese Journal of European Studies   2  2014年  [査読有り]

    担当区分：筆頭著者, 責任著者

  • Potential Still Untapped: Japanese Perceptions of the European Union as an Economic and Normative Power

    Paul Bacon, Emi Kato

    Baltic Journal of European Studies   3 ( 3 ) 59 - 84  2013年12月  [査読有り]

    担当区分：筆頭著者, 責任著者

    　概要を見る

    Abstract

    This article focuses on two of the three pillars of the ‘EU through the Eyes of Asia’ perceptions project, and analyzes the Japanese print media and elite interviews. We focus on two issues: the first of these is exasperation at the slow progress towards an EU-Japan Free Trade Agreement/Economic Partnership Agreement (FTA/EPA). This exasperation is clearest in the Japanese elite interviews, but the trade negotiations also feature significantly in discussions in the Japanese print media. The second issue is the consistent perception of the EU as a significant normative and diplomatic power, and a leader on human rights promotion, with this perception strongly evident in both the Japanese print media and elite interviews. Overall, the EU was perceived positively as a political actor, and, in a boost for post-Lisbon perceptions of the EU, High Representative Catherine Ashton had a generally high and somewhat positive profile in Japan. This came across more strongly in the print media rather than the elite interviews. In a much-quoted speech given in Japan in 2006, Commission President José Manuel Barroso talked of the untapped trade potential within EU-Japan relations, and the normative power of the EU and Japan. A focus on perceptions helps to inform us about the global importance of the EU and how this is being interpreted outside of Europe. To understand the European Union itself we need to have an external reflection in order to interpret its meaning. Through our study, we hope to highlight and communicate the fact that the Barroso perspective is shared by many within Japan.

    DOI

  • Empire, hierarchy, and hegemony: American grand strategy and the construction of order in the Asia-Pacific

    T. Inoguchi and P. Bacon

    International Relations of the Asia-Pacific [Scopus Q1 journal]   5 ( 2 ) 117 - 132  2005年09月  [査読有り]

    DOI

    Scopus

    10
    被引用数
    (Scopus)

  • Japan's emerging role as a 'global ordinary power'

    T. Inoguchi and P. Bacon

    International Relations of the Asia-Pacific [Scopus Q1 journal]   6 ( 1 ) 1 - 21  2005年08月  [査読有り]

    DOI

    Scopus

    54
    被引用数
    (Scopus)

  • Governance, Democracy, Consolidation and the ‘End of Transition’

    TAKASHI INOGUCHI, PAUL BACON

    Japanese Journal of Political Science [Scopus Q2 journal]   4 ( 2 ) 169 - 190  2003年11月  [査読有り]

    　概要を見る

    The notion of governance: a multi-level phenomenon

    There is a substantial literature on governance, but little agreement on precisely what it means, as a result of which the term is often used in different ways. A sophisticated and flexible formulation is offered by The Commission on Global Governance, which defines governance as ‘the sum of the many ways individuals and institutions, public and private, manage their common affairs. It is a continuing process through which conflicting or diverse interests may be accommodated and cooperative action may be taken. It includes formal institutions and regimes empowered to enforce compliance, as well as informal arrangements that people and institutions either have agreed to or perceive to be in their interest’ (1995: 2).

    DOI

  • IR Studies East and West: Some Sociological Observations

    Paul Bacon, Edward Newman

    Journal of East Asian Studies [Scopus Q2 journal]   2 ( 1 ) 21 - 44  2002年02月  [査読有り]

    担当区分：筆頭著者, 責任著者

    　概要を見る

    Mainstream International Relations teaching and scholarship is often argued to be social scientific and therefore able to generate propositions about international life that have general (even universal) explanatory value. However, the methods and research questions of IR can in part be explained by the nature of the national academies in which they develop and by a range of national and regional sociological and political circumstances. Thus, following Ole Waever, the “American approach to the study of IR” and its predominance can be explained by reference to certain cultural and structural factors. Yet if the sociological underpinnings of teaching and researching in IR are inevitable and readily apparent, why is there no distinct ‘East Asian tradition’? Why is the East Asian IR community relatively weak? In fact, the relative weakness of indigenous national and regional East Asian IR approaches can be understood as an extension of national academic environments, historical circumstances, and national political traditions.

    DOI

  • Organizing hypocrisy and transforming sovereignty

    T. Inoguchi and P. Bacon

    International Relations of the Asia-Pacific [Scopus Q1 journal]   1 ( 2 ) 167 - 172  2001年08月  [査読有り]

    DOI

    Scopus

    4
    被引用数
    (Scopus)

  • Sovereignties: Westphalian, liberal and anti-utopian

    T. Inoguchi and P. Bacon

    International Relations of the Asia-Pacific [Scopus Q1 journal]   1 ( 2 ) 285 - 304  2001年08月  [査読有り]

    DOI

    Scopus

    9
    被引用数
    (Scopus)

  • The study of international relations in Japan: towards a more international discipline

    T. Inoguchi and P. Bacon

    International Relations of the Asia-Pacific [Scopus Q1 journal]   1 ( 1 ) 1 - 20  2001年01月  [査読有り]

    DOI

    Scopus

    36
    被引用数
    (Scopus)

  • Settled norms? A critical evaluation of the international theory of Mervyn frost

    Paul Bacon

    Global Society [Scopus Q1 journal]   10 ( 3 ) 279 - 301  1996年09月  [査読有り]

    担当区分：筆頭著者, 責任著者

    DOI

▼全件表示

書籍等出版物

  • Bacon, P., and Gray, M. ‘Introduction: re-booting Regional Security Complex Theory’. In Bacon, P., and Gray, M. The Indo-Pacific and Eurasia: Lessons from Regional Security Complex Theory. Routledge, (2027, forthcoming, in press).

    Bacon, P., and Gray, M.( 担当： 共著,  担当範囲: International Politics of the Indo-Pacific)

    Routledge  2027年02月 ISBN: 9781041401810

  • Smith, N.R., and Bacon, P. ‘The Indo-Pacific as a Macrosecuritized Constellation: Revising Regional Security Complex Theory for the Age of the Indo-Pacific’. In Bacon, P., and Gray, M. The Indo-Pacific and Eurasia: Lessons from Regional Security Complex Theory. Routledge, (2027, forthcoming, in press).

    ( 担当： 共著,  担当範囲: International Politics of the Indo-Pacific)

    Routledge  2027年02月 ISBN: 9781041401810

  • Julsrud, A.A, and Bacon, P., ‘The ‘Indivisibility’ of Europe and the Indo-Pacific: Macrosecuritisation and Interregional Security’. In Bacon, P., and Gray, M. The Indo-Pacific and Eurasia: Lessons from Regional Security Complex Theory. Routledge, (2027, forthcoming, in press).

    ( 担当： 共著,  担当範囲: International Politics of the Indo-Pacific)

    Routledge  2027年02月 ISBN: 9781041401810

  • Gray, M. and Bacon, P. ‘Conclusion: a progressive research programme’. In Bacon, P., and Gray, M. The Indo-Pacific and Eurasia: Lessons from Regional Security Complex Theory. Routledge, (2027, forthcoming, in press).

    ( 担当： 共著,  担当範囲: International Politics of the Indo-Pacific)

    Routledge  2027年02月 ISBN: 9781041401810

  • Paul Bacon ands Matthew Gray. ‘Introduction: re-booting Regional Security Complex Theory’. In Bacon, P., and Gray, M. The Indo-Pacific and Eurasia: Lessons from Regional Security Complex Theory. Routledge, forthcoming, 2027, in press.

    Paul Bacon, Matthew Gray( 担当： 共著,  担当範囲: International Politics of the Indo-Pacific)

    Routledge  2027年02月 ISBN: 9781041401810

  • [Co-edited book] The Indo-Pacific and Eurasia: Lessons from Regional Security Complex Theory. Routledge, (accepted for publication, forthcoming, 2027.).

    Paul Bacon and Matthew Gray( 担当： 共編者(共編著者))

    Routledge  2027年02月 ISBN: 9781041401810

  • Bacon, P., Pomorska, K., and van Willigen, N. ‘Japan and the EU: A Maritime Security ‘Expectations Deficit’. In Smith, N.R. and Holland, M.Regional Perspectives on the EU's Indo-Pacific Strategy: Beyond Brussels, Routledge, 2026.

    Bacon, P., Pomorska, K., van Willigen( 担当： 共著,  担当範囲: International Politics of the Indo-Pacific)

    Routledge  2026年10月 ISBN: 9781041250562

  • Bacon, P., Chiba, M., and Ponjaert, F. Norm diffusion, norm contestation and the SDGs. In The sustainable development goals: Diffusion and contestation in Asia and Europe. Routledge, New York, 2023 (pp. 171-181). Routledge.

    ( 担当： 共著,  担当範囲: SDGs)

    Routledge  2023年 ISBN: 9781032072180

  • Souza, T. F., and Bacon, P. Adapting and applying the ‘spiral model’ to the diffusion of the SDGs. In The sustainable development goals: Diffusion and contestation in Asia and Europe. Routledge, New York, 2023, (pp. 13-29). Routledge.

    Souza, T. F., Bacon, P.( 担当： 共著,  担当範囲: International Politics of the Indo-Pacific)

    Routledge  2023年 ISBN: 9781032072180

  • Bacon, P., and Usayapant, N. Tackling forced labour in Thailand The role of the EU and ILO. The sustainable development goals: Diffusion and contestation in Asia and Europe. Routledge, New York, 2023.

    Bacon, P., Usayapant, N.( 担当： 共著,  担当範囲: International Politics of the Indo-Pacific)

    Routledge  2023年 ISBN: 9781032072180

  • [Co-edited book] The sustainable development goals : diffusion and contestation in Asia and Europe

    Bacon, Paul, Chiba, Mina, Ponjaert, Frederik( 担当： 共編者(共編著者))

    Routledge  2023年 ISBN: 9781032072180

  • Bacon, P. ‘Competition, cooperation, and connectivity – How the Indo-Pacific can shape transatlantic relations’. In Soare, S.R. (Ed.), Turning the tide – How to rescue transatlantic relations. European Union Institute for Security Studies, 2020.

    Bacon, P.( 担当： 単著,  担当範囲: International Politics of the Indo-Pacific)

    European Union Institute for Security Studies  2020年 ISBN: 9789291988389

  • Bacon, P. And Nakamura, N., (2018) ‘Ordinary/civilian, nor normative/post-modern: lessons from the EU for Japanese security policy’, in Berkofsky, A. Hughes, C., Midford, P., and Soderberg M. (eds.) (2018) The EU-Japan Partnership in the Shadow of China, Routledge, New York.

    Bacon, P., Nakamura, N.( 担当： 共著,  担当範囲: International Politics of the Indo-Pacific)

    Routledge  2018年 ISBN: 9780367895013

  • Bacon, P., Reiterer, M., and Vanoverbeke, D. ‘Recent Developments on the Death Penalty in Japan: the Role the Japanese Public Plays through Public Opinion and the Lay Judge System’. (European Yearbook on Human Rights, 2017).

    Bacon, P., Reiterer, M., Vanoverbeke, D.( 担当： 共著,  担当範囲: International Politics of the Indo-Pacific)

    Neuer Wissenschaftlicher Verlag (Germany).  2017年 ISBN: 9783708311661

  • Bacon, P. and Sato, M. ‘What role for nuclear power in Japan after Fukushima? A human security perspective’. In Bacon, P. and Hobson, C. (eds). Human Security and Japan’s Triple Disasters: Responding to the 2011 Earthquake, Tsunami and Fukushima nuclear crisis, Routledge, New York, 2016.

    Bacon, P., Sato, M.( 担当： 共著)

    Routledge  2016年 ISBN: 9781138646988

  • Bacon, P. ‘The politics of human security in Japan’, in Bacon, P. and Hobson, C. (eds). Human Security and Japan’s Triple Disasters: Responding to the 2011 Earthquake, Tsunami and Fukushima nuclear crisis. Routledge, New York, 2016.

    Bacon, P.( 担当： 単著)

    Routledge  2016年 ISBN: 9781138646988

  • Bacon, P., and Hobson, C. ‘Human security comes home: responding to Japan’s triple disaster’. In Bacon, P. and Hobson, C. (eds). Human Security and Japan’s Triple Disasters: Responding to the 2011 Earthquake, Tsunami and Fukushima nuclear crisis, Routledge, New York, 2016.

    Bacon, P., Hobson, C.( 担当： 共著)

    Routledge  2016年 ISBN: 9781138646988

  • Bacon, P. and Holland, M. ‘The EU through the Eyes of Japan: Perceptions of the European Union as a Civilian Power’. In Bacon, P., Mayer, H., and Nakamura, H. (eds). The European Union and Japan: A New Chapter in Civilian Power Cooperation? Routledge, New York, 2016.

    Bacon, P., Holland, M.( 担当： 共著)

    Routledge  2016年 ISBN: 9781315616445

  • Bacon, P. ‘EU-Japan Relations: Civilian Power and the Domestication / Localization of Human Rights’. In Bacon, P., Mayer, H., and Nakamura, H. (eds). The European Union and Japan: A New Chapter in Civilian Power Cooperation? Routledge, New York, 2016.

    Bacon, P.( 担当： 単著)

    Routledge  2016年 ISBN: 9781315616445

  • Bacon, P. ‘The European Union’s inter-regional human rights strategies in Northeast and Southeast Asia: learning lessons from localization’ in Fawcett, L., Ponjaert, F. and Telo, M. (eds.). The European Union and Inter-regionalism: a Post-Revisionist Approach to Europe’s Place in a Changing World. Routledge, New York, 2016.

    Bacon, P.( 担当： 単著)

    Routledge  2016年 ISBN: 9781472473264

  • The European Union and Japan (Globalisation, Europe, and Multilateralism)

    ( 担当： 共編者(共編著者))

    Routledge  2016年 ISBN: 9781472457493

    ASIN

  • [Co-edited book] Human security and Japan's triple disaster: responding to the 2011 earthquake, tsunami and Fukushima nuclear crisis

    Bacon, P., Hobson, C.( 担当： 共編者(共編著者))

    Routledge  2016年 ISBN: 9781138646988

  • Sato, M., and Bacon, P., The Public Opinion Myth: Why Japan Retains the Death Penalty, The Death Penalty Project, 2015.

    Sato, M., Bacon, P.( 担当： 共著)

    The Death Penalty Project  2015年 ISBN: 9781999641719

  • Bacon, P. ‘Potential Still Untapped: Japanese Perceptions of the European Union as an Economic and Normative Power’. In Chaban, N. and Holland, M. (eds.). Europe and Asia: perceptions from afar, Nomos: Baden-Baden, 2015.

    Bacon, P.( 担当： 単著)

    Nomos: Baden-Baden.  2015年 ISBN: 9781474225045

  • Bacon, P. and Hobson, C. ‘Incorporating natural disasters into the human security agenda’. In Christopher Hobson, Paul Bacon and Robin Cameron (eds). Human Security and Natural Disasters, Routledge, New York, 2016.

    Bacon, P., Hobson, C.( 担当： 共著,  担当範囲: SDGs)

    Routledge  2014年 ISBN: 9780415737999

  • [Co-edited book] Human security and natural disasters

    Hobson, Christopher, Bacon, Paul, Cameron, Robin( 担当： 共編者(共編著者))

    Routledge  2014年 ISBN: 9780415737999

  • Bacon, P. ‘Human Rights, Transformative Power and EU-Japan Relations’, in Fukuda, K. (ed.). Multi-layered Governance of the EU [Japanese title: Tagenka-suru EU gabanansu], Tokyo: Waseda University Press, 2011.

    Bacon, P.( 担当： 単著)

    Waseda University Press  2011年 ISBN: 9784657110107

  • Bacon, P. ‘European Union enlargement, democratic peace and the ‘civilizing process’’. In Ohira, A. (ed.). Norbert Elias and Globalization, Tokyo: DTP Publishing, 2009.

    Bacon, P.( 担当： 単著)

    Tokyo: DTP Publishing  2009年 ISBN: 9784862111739

  • Bacon, P. and Inoguchi, T. ‘Rethinking Japan as an Ordinary Country’. In Ikenberry, G.J. and In Moon, C-I (eds.). The United States and Northeast Asia: Old Issues, New Thinking, Rowman and Littlefield, 2007.

    Bacon, P., Inoguchi, T.( 担当： 共著)

    Rowman and Littlefield  2007年 ISBN: 9780742556386

  • Bacon, P. ‘Community, Solidarity and Late-Westphalian International Relations’ In Newman, E. and Richmond, O. (eds.). The United Nations and Human Security: Mediating Post-Westphalian International Relations, Basingstoke, Palgrave, 2001.

    Bacon, P.( 担当： 単著)

    Basingstoke, Palgrave  2001年 ISBN: 9780333919606

  • Bacon, P. ‘Fukuyama and the First Man of the Twenty-First Century’. In Chan, S. and Wiener, J. (eds.). Twentieth Century International History, London, I.B. Tauris, 1999.

    Bacon, P.( 担当： 単著)

    London, I.B. Tauris  1999年 ISBN: 9781860643019

  • Bacon, P. ‘Settled Norms? A Critical Evaluation of the International Theory of Mervyn Frost’. In Chan, S. and Wiener, J. (eds.). Theorising in International Relations: Contemporary Theorists and Their Critics, Edwin Mellen Press, 1997.

    Bacon, P.( 担当： 単著)

    Edwin Mellen Press  1997年 ISBN: 9780773486409

▼全件表示

共同研究・競争的資金等の研究課題

  • Deal-Making under Trump 2.0: Hegemonic Transactionalism and the World Trade Order

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

    研究期間:

    2026年04月
    -
    2030年03月
     

  • 戦略的コミュニケーションと外国干渉・情報操作(FIMI)対応の国際制度比較

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業

    研究期間:

    2023年04月
    -
    2026年03月
     

    青井 千由紀, 李 信愛, BACON Paul.M., 礪波 亜希, C.J Wallace

  • Normative Power Europe and the ILO: diffusing the SDGs in Southeast Asia

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業

    研究期間:

    2022年04月
    -
    2026年03月
     

    BACON Paul.M., 中村 英俊

    　概要を見る

    I conducted more than twenty in-depth research interviews with experts on EU-Thailand relations and the ILO / IUU fisheries issue. This includes members of the EU Delegation to Thailand, the Thai MFA, and various think tank, NGO and academic experts.
    I published a project-related article in a Scimago Q1 journal, the Journal of Contemporary European Studies.
    I was an invited presenter at a high-level workshop involving Chulalongkorn University and the EU Delegation to Thailand in December. This workshop looked at EU-Thailand relations, and I talked about connectivity and ocean governance. I also participated in a closed high-level workshop on the reception of the EU's Indo-Pacific Strategy at the EU Delegation to Tokyo in January 2025.
    Since the project started the successes of past EU norm diffusion in the fisheries sector have been challenged under the new administration, following elections. This has become an additional emerging research focus - how does the EU try to achieve enduring compliance in the medium to long term, once it has made normative breakthroughs in target states, and experienced a degree of 'blowback' which threatens previous gains?

  • 安全保障アクターとしてのEUと日本：リベラル国際秩序における日欧政治関係

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業

    研究期間:

    2017年04月
    -
    2022年03月
     

    中村 英俊, BACON Paul.M., 吉沢 晃

    　概要を見る

    「リベラル国際秩序」をめぐる学術的・実務的な論争を踏まえながら、「安全保障アクター」概念を独自に定義し、EUと日本という国際アクターの行動を正確に描写し、両者の政治関係が持つ意義を考察し続けることができた。イギリスのEU離脱（ブレグジット）やトランプ米大統領の誕生などによって内部から自壊することも危惧されたリベラル国際秩序であったが、EUと日本は「経済連携協定（EPA）」と「戦略パートナーシップ協定（SPA）」を発効させて、リベラル国際秩序の維持に貢献している。
    本研究の成果は、国際統合研究のトップジャーナルであるJCMSへの査読論文を始め編著書などとして公刊された。

  • グローバル化の理念的・規範的評価によるグローバル・イシューの解決策

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業

    研究期間:

    2016年07月
    -
    2020年03月
     

    太田 宏, 福田 耕治, 上杉 勇司, 舒 旻, BACON Paul.M., 眞田 康弘, 中村 英俊, 土屋 大洋, 石井 敦

    　概要を見る

    研究成果の概要（和文）：気候変動問題やサイバーセキュリティーなどのグローバル・イシューの解決策の探求という課題に対して、現状分析から得られる論理的に妥当な理念型解決策を想定する（forecasting）と、達成すべき望ましい将来目標を設定し、それを達成するために必要な現在の政策を決定する（backcasting）方法の両方の要素を取り入れられる、将来予見型ガバナンス（anticipatory governance）という概念に基づく研究が進んだことである。この成果は、今後の同概念を活用した研究の発展的展開につながる。

  • Normative Power Europe?: norm localization, the death penalty and criminal justice in Southeast Asia

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業

    研究期間:

    2016年04月
    -
    2019年03月
     

    BACON Paul.M., 中村 英俊

    　概要を見る

    I made two research trips to Thailand, and conducted and recorded 7 interviews. I had a very productive meeting with the EU human rights representative, who gave me the contact details of many valuable possible interviewees. I found an excellent Thai co-researcher, who also has very good contacts. On my first trip I met the EU representative, and conducted two pilot interviews. After these pilot interviews, I changed and improved my interview questionnaire, which is now more relevant to the Thai case study. I made a preliminary analysis of the findings, which show a pattern, and suggest that the EU is successfully diffusing human rights norms in Thailand. I also extensively researched the norm diffusion literature. I have made several academic presentations based on these findings.Overall, I am 'progressing rather smoothly'. At first, I had to delay my trips to Thailand for a couple of months, because of the political situation there. However, I have since been able to make two trips, have done several very useful interviews, made good contacts, and been given the names of many other potential interviewees. I was able to conduct pilot interviews and refine my questionnaire. I already have substantial findings, and a pattern is beginning to emerge from the interviews, which suggests that the EU is doing a good job in Thailand, and is making an impact in the diffusion of human rights norms. I have presented preliminary findings, and also received extremely valuable feedback from experts on the EU and human rights, from Oxford University and Canterbury University, NZThe next step is to make two further visits to Bangkok, to conduct further interviews with local human rights defenders and experts. For the first of these trips, I will organize interviews with my remaining Thai contacts, in partnership with my research partner in Thailand. On the second trip, I will organize interviews with leading Western human rights experts. By the end of this process I will have interviewed more than 15 people in Thailand. This is a higher number than I thought possible. I will then analyze the results, and present the findings in research presentations. I hope to organize a workshop at the Universite Libre de Bruxelles, and at Waseda University. I will then consider whether I should continue a deeper analysis of the Thai case, or to turn my attention to Indonesia.I will use the amount carried over to make two further visits to Thailand for interviews. I will also organize a larger symposium, rather than a workshop, in either Tokyo or Brussels. I will invite extra researchers with the money that I could not spend last year. Also, it was necessary to conduct some interviews in Thai, so I hope to use some funds to pay for translation/transcription costs

  • 日米欧G7体制の変容と国際アクターEU の役割

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業

    研究期間:

    2010年
    -
    2012年
     

    中村 英俊, ポール M ベーコン, 舒 旻

    　概要を見る

    本研究は、早稲田・オックスフォード・ベルリン・ブリュッセルのEU・ヨーロッパ統合研究者が展開する国際共同研究として、特に、(1)「国際アクターEU」をテーマにした共著を出版して、(2)「流動化するグローバル秩序における日本とEU」をテーマとした共著の出版計画を進め、(3)「ヨーロッパ統合と東アジア地域との比較研究」をテーマとした国際ワークショップを主催して、今後の国際共同研究へ向けた萌芽を見出すことができた。

▼全件表示

 

現在担当している科目

▼全件表示

 

他学部・他研究科等兼任情報

  • 国際学術院   大学院アジア太平洋研究科

  • 附属機関・学校   グローバル・エデュケーション・センター

  • 国際学術院   国際コミュニケーション研究科

学内研究所・附属機関兼任歴

  • 2026年
    　
    　

    アジア太平洋研究センター   兼任センター員

特定課題制度（学内資金）

  • Developing Regional Security Complex Theory, and applying it in more detail to Japanese-Southeast Asian international relations

    2025年   Matthew Gray, Nicholas Ross Smith, Axel Julsrud

    　概要を見る

    This researchproject updates Buzan and Waever’s regional security complex theory (RSCT) and applies it to thecontemporary Indo-Pacific. I argue that the Indo-Pacific is not a region, but a‘macrosecuritized security constellation’ which contains four distinct regional security complexes;Northeast Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia and the Pacific. Using Buzan andWaever’ssecurity sectors approach I argue that although the Northeast Asian RSC is aconflict formation, and Southeast Asia is a security regime, there are neverthelessimportant economic, political, environmental and social security sectorlinkages between the two RSCs. RSCT has great explanatory power in regarding theIndo-Pacific and the relations between these two regions. The research also haspractical implications; the term Indo-Pacific has become widely accepted in strategiccommunication and public diplomacy, but in practice there is great variation inthe degree to which Indo-Pacific states in the two quite different Northeasternand Southeastern RSCTs are prepared to securitize their relations with China.This means there is a risk of misperception and the adoption of inadequateforeign and security policy. Thereare three main research outcomes to report. Firstly,Professor Bacon, together with Professor Nick Smith, co-authored an articlepublished in The Pacific Review which explains the differences andsimilarities between the two security regions. This is a major research achievement,as this is a high-impact journal, and one of the leading IR journals in theworld. Secondly,Professor Bacon, together with Axel Julsrud, has had an article accepted forpublication in International Affairs, which draws on research materialfrom the project. Again, this is a major research achievement, as this is ahigh-impact journal, and one of the leading IR journals in the world.Third, togetherwith Professor Matthew Gray, I have also submitted a book proposal to Routledge’s Rethinking Asia and International Relations series. The proposal is currently under review, with a decisionexpected some time in April 2026. We have a manuscript ready for publication, with130,000 words already collected, with each of the chapters reviewed and revisedeach of the authors. We strongly expect to publish the manuscript as aRoutledge book by the end of 2026.ProfessorBacon also applied for two major external funding opportunities during theacademic year 2025-2026 as one of the conditions of receiving this funding. Specifically,he applied for a JSPS Kakenhi Kiban C, and a JSPS Bilateral Joint ResearchProject, in partnership with Chulalongkorn University, Thailand.

  • Analyzing the EU and ILO’s ‘regulatory power’ in Thailand: IUU fishing, the EU ‘yellow card’ system and ILO capacity-building

    2023年  

    　概要を見る

    In late 2022, I published a co-edited book with Routledge, based on work I have done on this topic. From April 2022 until September 2022 I spentresearch time editing the manuscript. The book is titled: The Sustainable Development Goals: Diffusion and Contestation in Asia and Europe,Routledge, New York, 2023. I wrote the conclusion to the book, and contributed two co-authored book chapters. One of the chapters is on the'spiral model', the theory I am using for this JSPS project. The other is a case study on EU and ILO activity in Thailand, with regard to IUUfishing and forced labour. This publication is directly connected to this JSPS research project. I also published a co-authored article on norm diffusion in Journal of Common Market Studies, a high-impact journal on EU studies. 

  • Fisheries Power Europe? The EU's diffusion of SDG norms on IUU fishing and forced labour in Southeast Asia

    2022年  

    　概要を見る

    This research project analyzes the international diffusion of human rights norms and Sustainable Development Goals relating to forced labour and human trafficking in the fisheries industry. In particular, I study the European Union and the International Labour Organization, who are working together in several Southeast Asian countries, including Thailand. I argue that the partnership between these organizations has been highly successful, drawing on the EU's economic leverage, and the ILO's capacity-building expertise. For my research methodology, I use a norm diffusion framework I developed using my previous JSPS grant. I recently published a high-impact article using this research framework in a leading IR journal, JCMS, in which I analyzed the EU’s ‘normative power’: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcms.13177I was able to travel to Thailand using project research money to continue with my network-building and academic interviews. I was also able to subsidize research on the EU’s recognition as a normative power in the Japanese media, through analysis of Japanese newspapers and government social media accounts. Finally, in early 2023 my latest Routledge co-edited research monograph was published, which contains my latest findings from this project research:https://www.routledge.com/The-Sustainable-Development-Goals-Diffusion-and-Contestation-in-Asia-and/Bacon-Chiba-Ponjaert/p/book/9781032072180As well as co-editing the book, I also wrote three co-authored chapters.

  • The normative power of the EU and ILO: Diffusing anti-forced labour and human trafficking norms in Thailand and Southeast Asia

    2022年  

    　概要を見る

    This research projectanalyzes the international diffusion of human rights norms and SustainableDevelopment Goals relating to forced labour and human trafficking in thefisheries industry. In particular, I study the European Union and theInternational Labour Organization, who are working together in severalSoutheast Asian countries, including Thailand. I argue that the partnershipbetween these organizations has been highly successful, drawing on the EU'seconomic leverage, and the ILO's capacity-building expertise. For my researchmethodology, I use a norm diffusion framework I developed using my previousJSPS grant. I recently published a high-impact article using this research frameworkin a leading IR journal, JCMS, in which I analyzed the EU’s ‘normative power’: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcms.13177 I was able to travel to Thailand using project research money to continue with mynetwork-building and academic interviews. I was also able to subsidize researchon the EU’s recognition as a normative power in the Japanese media, throughanalysis of Japanese newspapers and government social media accounts. Finally,in early 2023 my latest Routledge co-edited research monograph was published,which contains my latest findings from this project research:https://www.routledge.com/The-Sustainable-Development-Goals-Diffusion-and-Contestation-in-Asia-and/Bacon-Chiba-Ponjaert/p/book/9781032072180As well asco-editing the book, I also wrote three co-authored chapters.